19 



With the exception of Mount Brum in the south, and 

 associated greenstone spurs, there are no ranges of great 

 altitude. 



The characteristic vegetation is identical with that on the 

 neighbouring shores of the mainland. 



On the coast line and on open slopes we have the following 

 shrubs and trees, namely : — Casuarina quadrivalvis, Eucalyptus 

 globulus, E. vimlnalis, Banksia marginata, Acacia melanoxylon, 

 A. Riceana, A. verlicellala, A. longifolia, A. mollissima, etc. 



In valleys, and especially in the deep ravines of South 

 Brani, exist Eucalyptus gigantea, Pomaderris apetala, Fagus 

 Cunninghami, Alherosperma moschata, Anopterus glandulosum, 

 Lyonsia straminea, Aster argophylla, Phyllocladus rhomboidalis, 

 Dicksonia antarctica, etc. 



Bruni Island in character and appearance seems to be a 

 simple prolongation of that notable spur running southerly 

 from the slope of Mount Wellington, and rising into remark- 

 able prominences at Mount Nelson, Bonnet Farm, and Mount 

 Pearson. Like the northern portion of this spur the funda- 

 mental rock of Bruni Island, here and there rising into bold 

 crests as at Fluted Cape and Mount Bruni, is essentially a 

 diabasic greenstone. 



The eastern and western shores differ widely in character. 

 Along the former the shoreline is generally bordered by bold 

 cliffs, often exceeding 100 feet in height. Where there are 

 no bays or deep indentations the faces immediately washed 

 by the sea are composed of greenstone, which for the most 

 part is overlaid by thin regular and almost horizontal strati- 

 fied beds composed of the marine mudstones, limestones, and 

 conglomerates of Upper Pakeozoic age. In this respect the 

 character of the cliffs is identical with that already described 

 by me in a section of the coast line between Blackmans Bay 

 and Pearson Point. 



As might be expected the rocks within the bays are to a 

 larger extent composed of the softer stratified layers, and, 

 from this circumstance, they are less able to resist the 

 destructive action of the sea waves. On the western coast 

 line there are no cliffs or ridges of any great height with the 

 exception of the coast line near Brani Lighthouse, south of 

 Great Taylor Bay. This is accounted for by the fact that 

 the western coast is to a large extent composed of the softer 

 rocks (sandstones and mudstones), and more particularly 

 because, with the exception of the stratified rocks at 

 Adventure Bay, the mudstones and sandstones slope to the 

 west in the direction of the prevailing dip, which varies from 

 10° to 20° west, or west bv south. 



The general effect of this dip from east to west as affecting 

 the respective coast lines is well illustrated by the stratified 



