IN THE GARDENS DURING 1912. 145 



Of the bird cases, 52 were generalised tubercle, and 6 were of 

 bovine type. 



2. All the mould-diseases have been grouped under mycosis. 

 Ten of the mammal cases were in Wallabies, and of the same type 

 as that I have previously described, affecting primarily the jaws ; 

 the other 2 were in Oei-copitheques in which the infection was 

 localised in the intestines and kidneys. There is a slight decrease 

 in the number of deaths from mycosis in birds, but it is still 

 large, and is 2 per cent, of the total number of birds. 



3. There is an increase in the deaths from pneumonia in birds 

 and reptiles. The percentage on the total number of animals is 

 3-2 for mammals, 2-7 for birds, and 10 for reptiles. It is 

 amongst the reptiles that the increase has been most marked, 

 fi'om 4 in 1908 to 120 in 1912 (these are pneumococcal cases and 

 do not include those due to irritation from worms' eggs and 

 embryos). 



4. " Worms " is used in a comprehensive sense ; two of the 

 mammals were Indian Buffaloes with an enormous trematode in- 

 fection of the stomach. 



5. This was a ruptured aneurism of the ascending aorta in a 

 Pigeon. 



6. In a Duck, after swallowing wire, 



7. The percentage of gastro-enteritis is still high : 3"5 for 

 mammals, 4-3 for birds, and 2'4 for reptiles, on the total number 

 of each. It has been noticed during the last year in connection 

 with enteritis in mammals that there has often been an associated 

 condition of gingivitis, not bad enough to call pyorrhoea, which 

 possibly may stand in causal relationship to the enteritis. In 

 2 mammals it was of coccidial origin, and in 2 others it was due 

 to worms. Of the bird cases 72 were hsemorrhagic and 9 were 

 due to foreign bodies. It has much decreased amongst the 

 reptiles, and 6 of the cases in this class were due to worms. 



8. I?f ephritis has increased amongst mammals and birds, having 

 caused the deaths of 6'4 per cent, in the former and 2*9 in the 

 latter. Of the cases in mammals 60 were acute, 10 in condition 

 of "large white" kidney, and 19 in condition of "contracted 

 granular" kidney. In birds it is nearly always chronic, about 

 one-third of the number being of the contracted granular kidney 

 type. A conjunction of climatic conditions with exposure would 

 seem to be answerable for many of the cases in mammals, and 

 40 out of the 60 acute cases had lung lesions, from congestion to 

 broncho-pneumonia. 



9. In a Bay Duiker, the left kidney was converted into 

 multiple cysts containing stones, and there was one large cyst in 

 the right ; there was also a haemori'hagic cystitis. 



10. The carcinomata were all visceral, and occurred in one 

 Kangaroo and three Gazelles. In all the cases the initial growth 

 was in the stomach, and there were atrophic changes in the 

 sexual glands. 



Proc. Zool. Soc— 1913, No. X. 10 



