AN OLIGOCUvKTE \VO«M. 317 



curious swelling at the anterior end on one side. The most 

 characteristic feature is a strong chitinous-like spicule running 

 from one end through the body of the ciliate, and ending at about 

 two-thirds the length of the body in a fine curled thread, almost 

 like the lash of a whip (PL XLYI. fig. 6). The protoplasm is 

 granular, and there are parallel ridges running along the whole 

 length of the body, on which rows of cilia ai-e constantly in 

 motion. The macronucleus is very long, extending the whole 

 length of the body, and there are numerous vacuoles present. 

 The micronucleus could not be seen in my own preparations, 

 and is, I believe, unknown. Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section 

 through the gut, in which a number of these ciliates is present. 



Less frequently I have found three other ciliates in the gut. 

 The first is shown in fig. 7. It is somewhat similar to Mesnilella, 

 although not usually so large. It is chiefly distinguished from 

 Mesnilella by the absence of the spicule. The ciliate shown in 

 fig. 7 had five buds attached. 



The next ciliate was much smaller, and I have never seen any 

 signs of it budding. Its shape is difficult to describe, and can be 

 best realized from two drawings illustrating the ciliate turning 

 round on its short axis (PI. XLYII. figs. 8 a & 8 b). It measured 

 90 jj, by 30 )Lt. This ciliate was also without a spicule. 



The last ciliate I observed was again much smaller than Mesni- 

 lella and of a peculiar shape. It is best described as hat-shaped 

 (figs. 9 a & 9 h). The macronucleus was long and slightly curved. 

 Vacuoles were present, and were situated in two longitudinal 

 rows. I have not been able to discover any description of the 

 three last-mentioned ciliates. 



Si(,vi7nary of New and ConHriniatory Observations. 



(1) Neio Observations. 



(a) The Presence and Structure of the peculiar Black Spots at 

 the Posterior End of the Brain. — I'hese spots were not arranged 

 definitely, but were scattered about in the outer cellidar portion 

 of the brain. When the brain was dissected out and examined 

 under a high power ( x 1000), each of the spots was seen to bo 

 composed of a number of small, spherical, oil-like globules. 

 Although at first I thought these bodies were very similar to 

 ocelli, I have come to the conclusion that they are probably of 

 the nature of very minute oil-globules. The reason for this is 

 that they cannot be seen in any of my preparations or sections 

 which have been treated with xylol or cedar- wood oil. However, 

 the true meaning of these black spots in the brain is by no means 

 clear as yet, 



(b) The Strxicture and Significance of the so-called " Septal 

 Glands." — Hitherto these glands have been regarded as single and 

 not compound structures. The description given shows that 

 they contain two definite anatomical components. The meaning 

 of the connection of the septal glands with the pharynx is not 



