342 COL. C. SWINHOE ON MIMICRY IN BrTTERPLIES 



Isamia {JEuploea) singapura, Moore. In Ke Island, under the 

 name of Hypolimnas polymena (PI. XVI. fig. 2), thej mimic 

 Muplceas with broad whitish borders to the uppersides of the 

 wings (PL XVI. fig. 1), a form of pattern common among the 

 Euplceas in this island. I have no fewer than three well-defined 

 subgenera oi Euplceas with such broad white borders from Ke 

 Island — Calliplcea Hopfferi, Felder (fig. 1), CMrosa eurypon, 

 Hewitson, and Sirdagra fraterna, Pelder, all possessing well- 

 marked sexual subgeneric distinctive characters. 



Prom the Solomon group I have examples from two islands : 

 in Maleita Island both sexes are mimetic, the male (fig. 3) 

 and female (fig. 5) of the Hypolimnas known as Hypolimnas 

 scopas respectively mimicking the corresponding sexes oi Euploea 

 pyrgion (male fig. 4, female fig. 6). This is a very interesting 

 example, because the differences between the two sexes are fairly 

 distinctive and constant. In another island of this group both 

 sexes (PI. XVII. fig. 1) mimic Euploea polymena (fig. 2). In 

 this case no local name, so far as I know, has yet been bestowed 

 upon the Hypolimnas. 



In the Fijis the male of the local unnamed form of H. lolina 

 is normal in appearance, but the females occur in many varieties, 

 and seem to exhibit a regular gradation from an appearance like 

 that of the normal male to brown, and from brown to yellow 

 and white, as if the mimetic resemblance was still in a state of 

 transition. In Messrs. Godman and Salvin's fine collection there 

 are upwards of sixty varieties of the female, and on the table are 

 upwards of seventy examples from my own collection showing 

 many varieties ; and this is the only instance I have found of 

 any local variation in the mimetic forms of this species. The 

 only two JSuploeas I have seen from the Fijis are E. Whitmei 

 (Butler) and E. margoensis (Butler), the first from Lifu Island 

 and the second from Margo. These are dark Euploeas and 

 resemble the dark forms of the female bolina. But we know 

 very little about the Fijian Lepidoptera, and there may very 

 well be other Euploeas corresponding to other forms of the 

 female Hypoli^nnas inhabiting the same locality. 



In many of the Southern Islands H. holina in its typical form 

 is found with females mimicking red forms of Danais ; I have 

 examples from Celebes, Ke Island, Alu, New Britain, and also 

 from North Australia. The Celebes female called H. nerina, 

 Felder, is a fair mimic of Danais chionippe, Hiibn., also found in 

 the same locality ; there are probably other similar forms of 



