448 DE. H. W. MAEETT TIMS OK THE 



development in the former, wliile the outer (posterior) cusp 

 becomes decidedly more pronounced. 



The canines are long, pointed, and recurved; thie cingulum is 

 scarcely, if at all, perceptible ; the posterior cusp is usually to be 

 recognized, and occasionally, but more rarely, the anterior one 

 also. The cusps may be seen in fig. 1 ; the anterior cusps are 

 marked ca and the posterior cp. 



The first functional deciduous premolar (dpm^) is a conical 

 tooth with two fangs. The cingulum is to be made out and in 

 connection with it anterior and posterior cusps ; the latter is the 

 more pronounced and lies in the same antero-posterior line as 

 the main cone, while the anterior cusp is placed slightly to the 

 inner side of that line and is quite small. 



The second functional deciduous tooth or milk carnassial 

 ( dpm.^ ) is a much larger tooth and considerably more extended in 

 the antero-posterior direction, as will be seen on reference to 

 fig. 1. It bears two external cusps : the anterior, or Paracone 

 {pel), considerably the larger, is conical, and its anterior slope is 

 much greater than its posterior. The posterior, or Metacone 

 {me), has a horizontal cutting-edge. The cingulum is well- 

 marked along the inner side of the postero-external cusp and at 

 the antero-internal side of the main cone, and in this latter 

 situation is a well-marked cusp, the Protocone {pr). This tooth 

 has three fangs — two in the antero-posterior line, as in the tooth 

 in front, and a third sloping inwards and forwards like a buttress. 

 The latter is united to the tooth on the inner face of the main 

 cone, and it is here that the cingulum is deficient. 



The third functional deciduous premolar ( dpm ^ ) bears two 

 external subequal cusps, the Paracone and Metacone {pa and 

 one). The cingulum appears to surround these on the anterior, 

 external, and posterior faces, while internally it is well-marked 

 but carried inwards some distance, having a well-marked depression 

 between it and the Paracone and Metacone. This is seen in fig. 3. 

 At its most internal part the cingulum is raised up into a pro- 

 nounced ridge-like cusp, the Protocone {ci). 



Lower Milk-teeth. — The description already given of the upper 

 incisors and canine will apply equally well to the corresponding 

 teeth of the lower jaw. 



The first functional deciduous premolar (dpm/) has a prominent 

 conical cusp, the anterior border of which is almost perpendicular. 

 The posterior border has a more decided slope, in the middle of 



