466 DE. H. W. MAEETT TIMS ON THE 



Practically no diastema between i.^ and c. 



The canine is smaller than c. Internal cingulum present. 



The first, second, and third premolars possess similar characters to the cor- 

 responding teeth in the upper jaw, with the addition that in pm.^ the anterior 

 cingulum-cusp is more pronounced. 



The foiirth 'premolar. The main cusp has a well-marked secondary cusp on 

 its posterior slope. The cingulum is not very distinct in the middle of the 

 inner face of the main cone ; but anteriorly it gives rise to a cusp, and 

 posteriorly, where it becomes broader and more prominent, it forms two small 

 cusps which are situated transTcrsely side by side. 



First malar. Outer surface. Two cusps are to be seen, an antero-esternal 

 (Protoconid), which is higher and stronger than the postero-external (Hypo- 

 conid). 



Imier surface. Two cusps also, an antero -internal (Metaconid) and a posterior 

 (Entoconid) cusp, the former being the higher. 



Anterior surface. The Paraconid, which has more of the character of a 

 transversely elongated ridge than a cone. 



Posterior surface. The cingulum is to be traced around the bases, posteriorly, 

 of the Entoconid and Hypoconid, and opposite the interval between these two 

 cusps is the Hypoconulid, placed on the cingulum. 



At the antero-external angle of the tooth is a small secondary cingulum, 

 which becomes lost upon the anterior surface of the Paraconid. 



The second molar has the same pattern as the first, the difPerences being that 

 the Metaconid is more developed than the Protoconid ; the Paraconid is more 

 pronounced than in m.^. 



The secondary cingulum at the antero-external angle of the tooth is more 

 marked and bears a cusp, in consequence of which the Protoconid appears to 

 lie more towards the middle (antero-posterior) line of the tooth. 



The presence of this cusp on the external cingulum is a fact upon which I 

 wish to lay stress, and to which I shall again refer. 



The third molar has the same characters, but smaller. Paraconid still more 

 reduced. 



The fourth molar is much smaller. Paraconid scarcely visible. 



I have given reasons above for believiriL^ that Otocyon is pri- 

 mitive in respect to the number of its teeth, and I thiuk it will 

 readily be admitted, from a consideration of the teeth themselves, 

 that they possess decii^edly multituberculate characters. The 

 question once more arises, Is this multituberculate conditic n 

 primitive or not ? The consideration of the answer to this 

 question has an important bearing upon the theory of the mulli- 

 tuberculate origin of the Mammalian teeth, as put forward by 

 Porsyth Major (11), and supported by Groodrich (5) and others. 



la dealing with this questiun it is necessary to here examine 

 the teeth of various species of Dogs. This I have had an oppor- 



