50 Finyal and East Coast. 



intersect the mountain torrent known as the Fingal 

 Rivulet, where sandstone forms for some space the chan- 

 nel in which the stream flows. The course of the rivu- 

 let, before emerging on the lower grounds near the Fin- 

 gal Township, is through a deep winding and zigzag 

 ravine, having precipitous or highly inclined banks of 

 greenstone. Where the banks are vertical, or nearly 

 so, the greenstone is columnar and massive : where the 

 inclination is considerable, the banks often rise to 

 several hundred feet, formed of an accumulation of 

 angular fragments of rock, resting upon and against one 

 another in such manner that the removal or displace- 

 ment of one sets a long string of them in motion. 

 These highly inclined planes of angular pieces of rock 

 are destitute of soil and grass, and for the most part bare 

 of timber. 



It is in this situation — in the middle of immense 

 masses of greenstone above and below — that the carbon- 

 iferous sandstone shows itself to the thickness of many 

 hundred feet in the bed and banks of the stream. 



In the sandstone there are two seams of coal, 200 or 

 300 feet apart, and respectively measuring three and 

 twelve feet in thickness. The dip is to N.E. and E.N.E. 

 The quality of the coal is highly bituminous in both ; 

 and, together, they appear to represent the two upper- 

 most of the three seams already described. 



The upper seam is of a better quality than where it 

 last appeared. The character of the coal here, as at 

 the former locality, refer it to the variety known in 

 various portions of England and Scotland under the 

 name of parrot, cannel, or splent coal. 



The newer sandstone^ which overlies, and not quite 

 conformably, the coal-measures, crops out in great force at 

 many points along the line of greenstone hills which 

 skirt the southern side of the South Esk and Break-o'- 



