74 Richmond and Jerusalem. 



sions of leaves, &c. These carbonaceous seams are 

 numerous, and alternate Avith a long series of beds of 

 schistose clays and flaggy sandstones, the whole of 

 which, with some exceptional undulations arising from 

 the partial action of subjacent and intrusive greenstone, 

 dip to about south south west and south west. 



About a mile or \\ miles beyond Blinkworth's green- 

 stone is seen, irregularly prismatic and columnar, sus- 

 taining a succession of beds of clayey schists, in which 

 there is a seam of ill-compacted lignite of a few inches 

 in thickness, increasing in the course of the dip to about 

 20 inches. 



About two miles from Blinkworth's there is a point 

 in the bank where greenstone may be seen completely 

 intruded between beds of sandstone, displaying all its 

 usual irregularity of prismatic structure, with the sedi- 

 mentary rocks lying above, below, and around it, at 

 various but not great inclinations. 



From this locality to Blinkworth's there occur, im- 

 bedded abundantly in these sedimentary deposits, flat- 

 tened spheroidal or oval bodies from a few inches to 20 

 inches in diameter, composed of dark-brown clay, which 

 owe their forms probably to vegetable or animal organi- 

 sation of the era of their formation. Smaller bodies 

 similarly imbedded, and somewhat cylindrical and pyri- 

 form in shape, and more compact in structure, resemble 

 coprolites. Other forms exist too, the origin of which 1 

 am also inclined to refer to organised bodies. 



The vale of Jerusalem is situated upon the Wallabee 

 Rivulet, a tributary of the Coal River : it is an irregular 

 oblong basin of about 4 miles by 2 at its greatest width, 

 and shelves away on every side into hills of 250 to 500 

 feet above the village. These hills are composed almost 

 exclusively of greenstone to the west and north ; but to 

 the eastward sandstone not unfrequently mounts up their 

 sides to their very summits, and over them. 



