Richmond and Jerusalem. 75 



From the highest point of the Richmond road, where it 

 begins to descend toward the township of Jerusalem, the 

 beds, which are there exposed to a depth of only a few 

 feet by the cuttings along the way-side, dip slightly but 

 regularly to the north west and north north west, — that 

 is, towards the middle of the vale. 



From the eastern side the overlying yellow sandstone 

 already mentioned dips also (but more abruptly) to the 

 centre of the vale, — that is, about south west. 



From the north-east extremity of the vale, where the 

 Coal-mine creek emerges from a deep ra\ine to join the 

 Wallabee rivulet, the sandstone also dips pretty regu- 

 larly to the south west and south south west, — that is, 

 towards the lower portion of the vale. 



The junction of the Coal-mine creek with the Wallabee 

 rivulet takes place about two miles north from the centre 

 of the township ; and the seam of coal for which Jeru- 

 salem is remarkable is situated about half a mile 

 further in a north-north-east direction, under a cliff of 

 sandstone intersected by the rill of water which has taken 

 its name from the circumstance of coal having been 

 worked there. 



The seam measures from 2 to 2-^-^ feet in thickness, and 

 has a soft dark-grey sandstone above and beneath it, 

 which passes downwards into a greyish white, and 

 upwards, at a height of about 40 feet, into the uncon- 

 formable and undulating beds of brown sandstone so 

 abundant in the district. 



This coal has been mined by a horizontal gallery of 

 6 feet X 6 feet running about north east by east, the 

 roof of which is partly supported with timber now fast 

 decaying and giving way under the eftects of damp, and 

 the heavy superincumbent weight of large detached 

 flakes of the soft grey sandstone above. The length of 

 the main gallery is about 120 yards : at 50 or 60 vards 



