Richmond and Jerusalem. 77 



the base of the cliff, has been diverted so as to prevent any 

 casual ino;ress of water, such as inundated the works 

 at Richmond. 



Following the dried up water-course downward, the 

 seam is soon lost, partly from its inclination being more 

 rapid than the fall in the creek, and partly from the 

 debris of the cliffs having covered it deeply over. 



A shaft has been sunk upon the bank by the margin 

 of the stream, in the direction of the dip, and about 250 

 yards distant, but without recovering the coal. It is 

 probable that the failure may have arisen from the exca- 

 vation not having been carried deep enough . The sink- 

 ing ought to have exceeded 50 feet to have intersected 

 the same seam, on the supposition that the inclination 

 continued the same. Down the channel of the creek, 

 for nearly half a mile, the brown sandstone shows out, 

 forming a steep bank of 10 or 12 feet over the grey 

 sandstone, and contains thin carbonaceous seams, with 

 fragments of fossil-wood. 



About 750 or 800 yards down the creek, a spot is 

 pointed out where a well had been sunk in its bed to the 

 depth of 10 or 12 feet ; and it is reported that at the 

 bottom a thin seam of good coal was found resting upon 

 slate. 



Proceeding next in the direction of the crop of the 

 beds, at the distance of only 50 or 60 yards from the 

 mouth of the main gallery, I passed to a dike of erup- 

 tive rock, which there crosses the stream in a mass at 

 least 50 yards in width. As usual, this greenstone dike 

 is largely veined with crystallised carbonate of lime. 

 The brown overlying sandstone soon re-appears beyond 

 it, and is succeeded by beds of clay and shale. Imbedded 

 in these, there is a seam of bituminous coal, said to 

 increase downwards to 4 feet in thickness. It crops 

 out about 200 yards from the workings on the opposite 



