78 Richmond and Jerusalem. 



side of the dike of erupted rock, and under the western 

 bank (which is private property) of the Coal-mine creek. 



At a bend of the same creek, a little higher up, the 

 greyish-white sandstone again emerges under the brown 

 in massive beds ; and there is partly imbedded in its sub- 

 stance the stump of a fossil tree placed vertically, with 

 many of its roots still attached, and diverging on every 

 Sjide, — apparently in the position in which such a tree 

 might have grown. 



The bed of the creek contains all along great quanti- 

 ties of fossil wood ; the residuum from the decomposition 

 and removal of the brown sandstone, and of the upper- 

 most beds of the greyish white. 



In the greyish-white sandstone, near its junction 

 with the brown, there occurs masses, rounded by attri- 

 tion, from the size of a marble to that of a cannon-ball, 

 consisting of its own material much hardened, or of 

 the material of the lower sandstone. 



Nodules of clay ironstone and ferruginous clays occur 

 abundantly about the line of junction of these forma- 

 tions. 



The brown sandstone, with the massive beds of grey 

 more or less disclosed under it, occurs at every degree 

 of elevation in the immediate neighbourhood : it is 

 found at one time in the bottom of the ravines, and at 

 another mantling round the shoulders and flanks of the 

 greenstone hills, several hundred feet up. In these 

 last situations it is more than probable that the coal 

 seams, which the grey sandstone undoubtedly contains, 

 or traces of them, may yet be discovered by a close and 

 continuous search. Boring would, however, be the most 

 expeditious and certain mode of determining the point. 



About a quarter of a mile from the coal-mine the creek 

 receives a slender tributary from a gorge in greenstone 

 hills to the eastward ; and about 160 yards up this streamlet 



