xlvii 



I. Pupiferous form winged. 



a. Phylloxera,* Boyer. Besides the pupifei'ous autumnal form 



there is a vernal parthenogenetic form. The species migrate 

 from one kind of oak to another. The colonies are annual. 



b. Rhizaphis,"- Planchon. Without any vernal winged form, but 



only parthenogenetic wingless individuals, which pass from the 

 leaves to the roots, or live only on the roots, the colonies being 

 perennial. 

 II. Pupiferous form wingless. Acanthochermes, Kollar, founded on a 

 species inhabiting Austria and France, upon the oak. 



Our 'Transactions' (1877, p. 265) contain a very important 

 memoir, by Mr. J. P. M. Weale, on variations occurring in South 

 African species of butterflies. The species especially noticed (of 

 which extensive series were exhibited) were Papilio merope and 

 its female varieties, Acrcsa Esebria (five distinct variations in 

 coloration being described), Junonia pelasgis and archesia, and 

 Antliocharis Keiskamma. Various experiments on feeding the larvas 

 of some of these variable species are recorded. 



The modifications occurring in different species of butterflies 

 produced at difi"erent seasons of the year (which in some species 

 is so great as to have led to the different individuals being regarded 

 as forming distinct species, and which formed the subject of 

 a remarkable work by Dr. Weismann, noticed in my last 

 year's Address) have been investigated by Mr. W. H. Edwards, 

 whose memoir, containing " a history of Phyciodes Tharos, a poly- 

 morphic butterfly," appears in the ' Canadian Entomologist' for 

 January, 1877. The eggs were obtained from the common wild 

 aster (N. Novce-Anglice) in the Catskill Mountains, in July, 1875. A 

 variety of experiments and observations on the different broods of 

 this butterfly are recorded by Mr. Edwards, from which it appears 

 that in the Catskills it is digoneutic, having two generations 



* It is much to be regretted that the author has transposed these two generic names, 

 giving to the destructive vine species the name of Rhizaphis, and that of Phylloxera, 

 universally applied to the vine insects, to species found only on the oaks, tiie name 

 JRhizaphls being especially inapplicable to an insect which partially lives on the 

 leaves, and not exclusively on the roots, of the vine. If absolutely necessary, 

 according to the inflexible (!) rules of nomenclature, to employ a sepai'ate name for 

 the vine insect, it would have been convenient to have adopted the generic name 

 PeriUjmbia, which I fii'st proposed for the vine insect, and which would absolutely 

 have had the priority if the Secretaries of the Ashmolean Society of Oxford had issued 

 the ' Proceedings' of that Society as they ought to have been done. 



