FIELDBOOK OF ILLINOIS WILD FLOWERS 



which rise many fleshy and food-storing scales or modified 

 leaves that overlap and form a hard-packed, ovoid mass. The 

 lily and the onion grow from bulbs. 



That form of underground stem which is short and solid, 

 usually flattened from top to bottom, and stored with plant 

 food, is called a corm, of which the Jack in the pulpit is a good 

 example. 



A stolon, frequently called a runner, is a horizontal stem 

 which extends over the ground until the tip takes root and 



Fig. 1. — Complete, simple and compound leaves, a. — Simple 

 leat, complete with stipules, b. — Pinnately compound leaf. c. — 

 Palmately compound leaf. 



at the same place produces leaves and flowers, propagating a 

 new plant. Runners of the strawberry are known to everyone. 

 A tendril is a coiled slender outgrowth of a leaf or stem 

 which usually assists in supporting the plant, and is commonly 

 observed on vines. 



A scape is a naked flower stalk that rises from the ground 

 and has the true stem structure. A tulip is probably the most 

 familiar example. 



Leaves. — Leaves vary considerably in different kinds of 

 plants, and so are used much more than roots and stems for 

 purposes of identification. 



A complete leaf is composed of three parts: blade, petiole 

 and stipules, fig. i a. The essential part of the leaf is the blade. 



