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to be frozen, and lumps of frozen earth, with pieces of ice, were 

 raised, some of the lumps of ice being of the size of a hen's egg. Frozen 

 masses of the earth and lumps of the ice were taken away and ex- 

 hibited in the village of Brandon. 



All the lower portion of the boulder bed was frozen ; but on passing 

 through it to the sand below, liquid water was found, which flowed up 

 into the bottom of the well. The whole thickness of the frozen bed 

 was estimated at from twelve to fifteen feet. 



Before making an examination of the well, which wUl be detailed 

 presently, we explored the geology of the immediate environs, and 

 measured the slopes of the hills, the thickness of the drift strata, and 

 the nature of the loose rocks as well as of that of the rocky strata in 

 place. We traced the gravel bed to its outcrop, four hundred and 

 fifty feet north-west of the well, where it is fully exposed by excava- 

 tions on the roadside, gravel being there dug for the mending of the 

 roads of the town. 



A sectional profile was made of the strata, and the distances were 

 measured, and also the thickness of the deposits. 



The rocky basis on which the drift reposes is a blue limestone, the 

 surface being much worn and striated by drift action, and an abun- 

 dance of erratic boulders of granite and quartz are scattered over its 

 surface ; these erratic rocks being all strangers in the region, and 

 having been brought from a more northern part of the country. 



A section of the cliff on the roadside shows at its base what is 

 called " the gravel bed," made up of erratic boulders. This stratum 

 is six feet in thickness. 



Over this is a bed of gravel proper, one foot thick ; then we come 

 to a stratum of sand two feet in thickness, over which is a layer of the 

 ordinary sandy soil, mixed with mould. 



The top of this cliff, which is called " The Hog Back," is forty-five 

 feet above the top of the well, and slopes towards it at an angle of 

 six degrees, and is four hundred and fifty feet from it. 



From the dip of the strata it is evident that the gravel bed passes 

 through the bottom of the well, and from the other wells on both 

 sides we learn that this gravel bed does not go through or under 

 them, and that it is quite a narrow belt. 



After making a rapid survey of the country around, we returned 

 to the frozen well, and made more particular explorations. On meas- 

 uring its depth, it was found to be thirty-four feet four-tenths, and 

 there was two feet four inches of water in the well, while around the 

 bottom of the stone walling of the well was a thick I'im of solid ice, 

 a hole large enough for a bucket only remaining open, as it had been 

 cut during the past winter. 



The well is three feet in diameter, and over it is placed a slab of 



