134 



there are numerous lakes, usually of moderate size, and extensive 

 peat bogs, covered with moss and low shrubs. On the south side, 

 between South- West Point and Heath Point, these peat bogs border 

 the shore of the island in most places, and are often several miles 

 wide. 



The streams and springs flowing from the interior are very numer- 

 ous, and the water is generally good, although it contains considerable 

 lime. Jupiter River is the largest stream on the island, but at the 

 time of our visit it would not admit the Inlet, drawing only six feet 

 of water. 



The eastern and northern shore of the island, and a large part of 

 the coast between West Point and South- West Point, is precipitous, 

 and consists of a series of high limestone cliffs, generally from 60 to 

 200 feet in height, but in some places having an elevation of about 

 400 feet. Owing to the horizontal position of the beds, and the 

 unequal hardness of the strata, these cliffs are worn away rapidly 

 near the base by the action of the sea, while the upper part usually 

 remains projecting far beyond the base, thus producing a very impos- 

 ing effect where the cliffs are high. The streams flowing from the 

 interior frequently fall over these cliffs into the sea at one leap, 

 adding greatly to the interest and variety of the scenery. Cases of 

 this kind are numerous between East Point and Salmon River. But 

 the horizontality of the beds of limestone has another effect which is 

 far less agreeable, for at the foot of the cliffs there Is generally very 

 little. If any, beach, and the strata extend In the form of flat reefs, 

 often to a distance of from half a mile to a mile from the shore. 

 These flats are mostly bare at low water, and covered by three or 

 four feet at high water. The outer edge of the reef is usually 

 abrupt, with deep water just beyond. It is therefore very difficult 

 and dangerous to land on many parts of the shore, except when It is 

 calm, and even then It Is very Inconvenient. There are but two 

 harbors at the island which are safe in all winds. One of these, 

 Ellis Bay, is on the south side of the island, near the western end. 

 The other. Fox Bay, Is on the north-eastern side of the island, 

 near the eastern end. 



There are several other places, however, where there Is safe an- 

 chorage in many winds. On the western side of South- West Point 

 there is shelter from all except north-west and west winds. On 

 the eastern side, there is partial shelter from north-west winds, but it 

 is exposed to the west and south-west. At Salt Lake, a few miles to 

 the east, there Is good anchorage and shelter from north-west winds. 



The soil of Anticosti, where it does not contain peat, is excellent, 

 and the plants adapted to that climate grow very luxuriantly. The 

 herbaceous plants and wild flowers are exceedingly abundant and 



