78 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



Sp. Chab. a dult, summer plumage : Entire lower parts deep purplish cinnamon; sides 

 of liead white. Back and scapulars light ochraceous or buff, striped with black; wing- 

 coverts deep bluish plumbeous, the greater widely tipped with pure white; remiges plum- 

 beous-dusky. Lining of the wing white, bordered exteriorly with dusky grayish- Male: 

 Crown and n-ipe streaked, hke the back: white on side of head not well defined. Female : 

 Cro.vn uniform plumbeous-black or dark plumbeous, 'he white on side of the head sur- 

 rounding the eyes, and abruptly defined, the nape unstreaked cinnamon and plumbeous. 

 A dult and young in winter : Head, neck and lower parts pure white, the occiput and a 

 space partly or completely surrounding the eyes dark plumbeous. Upp'^r parts uniform 

 fine pearl-gray or hght bluish plumbeous, the remiges slate-color. Young, first plumage : 

 Crown, nape, back, and scapulars dull black, the feathers edged with ochraceous; wing- 

 coverts, rump, and upper tail-coverts plumbeous, the middle coverts bordered with pale 

 buff, the tail-coverts with ochraceous. Head (except crown) and lower parts gen'-rally, 

 white; the throat and jugulum suffused with brownish buff. Downy young : Above, bright 

 tawny-buff, marked with broad irregular stripes of black; supercihary stripe bright tawny 

 buff, the two of opposite sides separated only by a narrow and sometimes interrupted 

 dusky streak; pileum bright raw-umber brown, bordered exteriorly with black; chin an 1 

 throat light fulvous- buff, changing to smoky buff on jugulum; rest of lower parts dull 

 whitish. 



Total length, about 7.50 inches; wing, about 5.2.5-5.50; culmen, .80-.95; tarsus, .8<>-.85; 

 middle toe, .75-.80. 



The Eed Phalarope occurs in Illinois as a rare migrant. Its 

 summer home is in the Arctic regions, which it leaves after the 

 assumption of its winter plumage, which is so unlike that of 

 summer as to give the bird a totally different appearance. 



Genus PHALAROPUS Brisson. 

 Subgenus Phalaropus. 



riialaropiis Beiss. Orn. vi, ITOO, 12. Type, by elimination, Tringa lobaia Linn. 

 Lobipes " Cuv. Reg. Anim. 1817." Type, Tringa hype.rhorea Linn.,= T lobata LiNN. 



Chab. Similar to Crymophilus, but bill subulate, and the nostrils strictly basal. 



Phalaropus lobatus (Linn.) 



NOETHERN PHALAKOPE. 



Tringa lohnta LiNN. S. N. od. 10, i, 1758, 148; ed. 12, i, 17t;t;, 241. 

 Lobipes lobatus B. B. & R. Water B. N. Am. i, 1884, 330. 

 Phalaropus lobatus Stejn. Auk, ii, 188.5, 183.— A. O. U. Check List, 188(i. No. 22:3.— Ridgw. 



Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 145. 

 Tringa hyperboreaLms. S. N. ed. 12, i, 17t>t;, 249 (based on Faun. Suec. 179; Edw. Hi; Will. 



270; Ray, 132.— Fhalaropus cinereus Briss. Orn. vi, 5). 

 Phalaropus hyperboreus (male) Lath. Ind. Orn. ii, 1790, 775 (excl. syn. ; supposed female 



= (7. /jxZicartus). —NuTT. Man. ii, 1834. 239.— Aud. Orn. Biog. iil, 1835, IIS; v, 183;i. 595, 



pi. 215.— Cass, in Baird's B. N. Am. 1858, 70i>.— Baied, Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, No. 520. 

 Lobipes hyperboreus Cuv. R^g. Anim. i,ed. 182<.>, 632.— Aud. Synop. 1839,240; B. Am. v,lS42, 



295, pi. 340,-CouES, Key, 1872, 218; Chock List, 1873. No. 410; 2d ed. 18S2. No. 603; B. N. 



W. 1874, 4C9.-RIDGW. Nom. N. Am. B. 1882, No. 564. 



