PODICIPID.i:— TIIK GHKRES. 263 



I*('dicfips iProctopns) californicus CouES. Proc. Acad. Nat. Scl. Phila. 1862, 231. 404, 

 Podiaeps ate itiis, \a,r. califoriiicns CouKS.Kity iSTi, 337; Chock List. 187J, No 612; 



Birds N, W, 1874. 733.— Hensh. Zool. Wheeler's Exp. 1875, 48D. 

 Podicipes auritus caHfornicus CouEB, 2d Chock List. 1882. No. 850. 

 Dyies nigricollis californicns Rinciw. Nom. N. Am. B. 1881. No. 733 a. 

 Dutes nioricoUis b. callfornic s B. B. & R. Water B. N. Am. ii. 1884. 434. 

 Volvmhuit nigricollis valifornicns IliDOW. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. viii. 1885, 3.5C; Man. N. 



Am. B. 1887. 6.— A. 0. U. Check List. 1886. No. 4. 

 Podioeps auritus /i califon.icns Ridgw. Orn. 40th Par. 1877. CAl. 



Hab. Northern and western North Ameri'*a. nortli to Great Slave Lake, south to 

 Guatemala, and east to Mississippi Valley. Bn?eds nearly throughout its range. 



Sp. Char. A dnlt, breeding-plumage: Head, neck, and upper parts dull black : on each 

 side of the head, behind the eyes, and occupying the whole of the postocular and auricular 

 regions, a fiattened tuft of elonarated, narrow, and pointed feathers of an ochraceous color, 

 those of the lower part of the tuft inclining to rufous or ferruginous, those along the upper 

 edge straw-yellow or buff, sometiaies, but rarely, forming a rathei >vell-deflned streak; fore 

 pai-t of the head sometimes inclining to grayish or smoky dusky. Upper parts blackish 

 dusky, the secondaries— sometimes also the inner primaries— mostly or entirely white. 

 Lower parts satiny white, the sides mixed chestnut-rufous and dusky. Bill deep black; 

 iris bright carmine, with an inner whitish ring; legs and feet "dusky gray externally, green- 

 ish gray on the inner sid(;" (Audubon). Winter plumage: Pileum. nape, and upper parts 

 sooty slate or plumbeous-dusky; malar region, chin, and throat white ; auricular region 

 white, sometimes tinged with pale grayish buff or light grayish; fore part and sides of 

 the neck pale dull grayish; lower parts satiny white, the sides plumbeous-dusky. "Upper 

 mandible greenish black, growing pale ashy olive-green on basal third of the commissure 

 (broadly) and on the culmen; lower mandible ashy olive-green, paler below, and more yel- 

 lowish basally; iris bright orange-red. more scarlet outwardly, aild with a fine thread-like 

 white ring around the pupil; tarsi and toes dull blackish on the outer side, passing on the 

 edges into olive-green; inner side dull light yellowish green; inner toe apple-green."* 

 Young, first phimage: Similar to the winter adult, but colors more brownish. Downy 

 young: Top of the head, as far down as the auriculars, dusky, the forehead divided 

 medially by a white line, which soon separates into two, each of which again bifurcates on 

 the side of the crown (over the eye), one branch running obliquely downward and backward 

 to the sides of the nape, the other continued straight back to the occiput; middle of the 

 crown with a small oblong or elliptical spot of bare reddish skin. Suborbital, auricular, and 

 malar regions, chin, and throat immaculate white ; fore-neck pale gi-ayish ; lower" pa; ts white ; 

 becoming grayish laterally and posteriori* ; upper parts dusky grayish. 



Total length, about 13.00 inches; extent, 21.00; wing, about 5.20-5.50; culmen, .95-1.10. 



Although possibly breedinf^ in Illinois, the American Eared 

 Grebe is known only as a transient (spring and fall) visitor, or 

 occasional winter resident. Its habits, which are essentially like 

 those of other species, are very interestingly described by Col. 

 N. S. Goss, in Tlie Anl- for January, 1884 (pp. 18-20), to whose 

 very interesting account the reader is referred. 



*F esh colors of a specimen (adult male) obtained by the writer at Pyramid Lake, 

 Nevada, December 21, lsti7. 



