TUKDID-E — THE THKDSHES. 61 



Kpy to the species of Kastejyi North America. 

 Common CHAEACTEns.— Above plain brown: beneath white, more or less spotted 

 with brown or dusky. Yinrng. with the upper parts, including wing-coverts, spotted and 

 streal<ed with yellowish fulvous. 



n'. Sides distinctly spotted, as well as the breast; culmen. .70 or more, and 

 wing usually more than 4.25. 



1. T. mu3telinu3. Above cinnamon-brown, brighter and more rufous 

 on the crowii. more o!ivo on the t.iil; beneath, including the sidus, 

 white, the breas-t and sides marked with roundish or inversely cordate 

 spots of black. Wing 4.10-4.50, tail 3.00-3.30, culmen .(0-.75. tarsus 

 1.20-1.30. middle toe .70-.T5. 



n'. Sides uniform grayish or brownish, without distinct spots; jugulum. etc., 

 more or less tinged with buff. Culmen .60 or less, and wing usually less than 



1 -0. 



6'. Second primary shorter than fifth, the fourth longest. Tail and upper 

 coverts rufous, in decided contrast with the olive of the b.ick, etc. A. 

 distinct buff orbital ring. 



2. T. aonalasohkae pallasii. Jugulum with very large triangular spots of 

 dusky. Wing .3.<0-3 00 (3.01). tail 2.o5-3.15 (2.82), culmeu .50-.60 (.54;, tarsus 

 1.15-1.30 (1.19), middle toe .65-.T5 (.7»). 



6». S'Oond primary much longer than fifth, the third longest. Tail and 

 upper coverts, not noticeably different in color from the other upper 

 parts. 

 c'. A distinct h'iff orhilal ring. 



3. T.ustulatus swainsonii. Above uniform olive, of variable shade, 

 the outer surface of the wings (and sometimes the tail also), very 

 slightly browner, or loss olive, than the back. .Jugulum bright buff 

 with rath'->r large triangular spot? of dusky. Wing 3.S0-1.10 (3.9ii), tail 

 2.80-3.10(2.95). culmen .50-.55 (.52), tarsus 1.05-1. IS (I.IO). middle toe .Oi- 

 .72 (.69). 



c'. Ko trace of light orbital ring. 



4. T. alioise. Very similar to H. ustulatus swainsonii, but buff of jug- 

 ulum. etc., usually very much paler, and buff orbital ring wholly ab- 

 sent, the whole side of the head nearly uniform grayish. 



a alicicB. Wing 3.75-4.40 (average 4 07). tail 2.95-3.40 (3.09), culmen 

 .45-.58 (.55), tarsus 1.12-1.30 (I.IS), middle toe .C0-.75 (.OS). 



/3 bicknelli. Wing 3.40-3.80 (average 3.6.5). tall 2.60-2.70 (2-75), culmen 

 .39-..52 (.51), tarsus 1.10-1.25 (1.13), middle toe .65-.i0 (.68). 

 Bill more slender, and colors usually darker. 

 6. T. fuscescens. Above uniform fulvous-brown or tawny, jugulum 

 creamy buff, marked with small cunoate spots or stre.iks of brown, 

 somewhat darker than the crown. Two races, as follows: 

 a fuscescens. Above light fulvous-brown, ortawny; jugulum creamy 

 biilT with narrow cuneate mailcings of brown, scarcely 

 daiker in tint than the upper parts. Wing 3.75-4.15 (3.9ii). 

 tail 2.70-3.30 (2.96), culmen .53-.60 (.55), tarsus 1.05.-125 0.15). 

 middle toe .65-.72 (.69). (The prevalent eastern form.) 



p falicicobjs. Above russet-olive, jugulum very pale buff, with 

 cuneate m.arkings of dark brown. Wing 3.80-4.25 (4.02). 

 tail 2.95-3.40(3.20), culmen .55-.60 (.67), tarsus 1.15-1.28(1.17), 

 middle toe .65-.75 .69). (Rare straggler from the Uocky 

 Mountains). 



