190 PBOCEEDINaS OF TEE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxii. 



Dimensions. — Breadth of calice, from 3 to 6 mm. 



Geological horizon. — Miocene, Chesapeake formation; and(Pleiocene'? 

 of Tuomey and Holmes). 



Locality. — Darlington, South Carolina; Kewbern, North Carolina; 

 Prince George County, Virginia. 



Collections. — TJ. S. National Museum. 



CCENANGIA MARYLANDICA (Conrad). 



1841. Astt-cea marylandica Conrad, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, p. 33. 



1842. Astrcva marylandica Conrad, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., VIII, Pt. 2, p. 189. 

 1845. Astnm hirtolamellataf Lyell, Quart. Jour. Geo!. Soc, I, p. 424. 



1845. Astrcea hirfolamellata Lonsdale, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, I, p. 500, fig. 1. 



1846. Astrcm marylandica Conrad, Am. Jour. Sci., 2d ser., I, p. 220. 



1846. Astroitis or Pleiadia marylandica Dana, Am. Jour. Sci., 2d. ser., I, p. 221. 



1847. Astrcea marylandica Lonsdale, Am. Jour. Sci., 2d ser., IV, p. 359. 



1847. (Allied to Caryophyllia familj') Dana, Am. Jour. Sci., 2d ser., IV, p. 361. 



1848. Astrma marylandica Tuomey, Report Geol. South Carolina, pp. 182, 208. 

 1848. Dipsastraea Mrtolamellaia Bronn, Index Palajontologicus, I, p. 126. 



1857. Astrwa marylandica Tuomey and Holmes, Pleiocene Foss. South Carolina, 



p. 2, pi. I, figs. 2, 2a. 

 1857. Astrangia? marylandica Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. des Corall., II, p. 615. 

 1864. Astrcea marylandica Meek, Check-list Invert. Foss. N. Am. Miocene, p. 1. 

 1868. Astrangia (Coenangia) marylandica Verrill, Trans. Conn. Ac. Art. Sci., I, Pt. 



2, p. 550. 

 1895. Coenangia marylandica Gane, Johns Hopkins Univ. Circ, XV, No. 121, p. 9. 



Colony incrusting, at times rising into lobes in the middle. Coral- 

 lites in close contact but the Individ ual walls distinct. Oalices crowded, 

 irregular in size and shape, oval, circular, and polygonal, the latter pre- 

 dominating, moderately deep, with perpendicular walls. Interseptal 

 chambers very wide. Septa subequal in two cycles, thin, the free edge 

 subentire and concave; uniting at their inner margins to form a pseudo- 

 columella. Walls and septa of the calices completely covered with 

 minute tubercles. Dissepiments scarce. Growth of corallum by bud- 

 ding of young corallites from between the angles of the older cells. 



This species is common in the Miocene bluffs of the James River, 

 Virginia, where it is generally found incrusting the surface of the 

 Pecten jeffersonius. 



In the opinion of the writer this apparently distantly related coral 

 will, upon further study, prove to have close affinities with the Septas- 

 traia sexradiata of Lonsdale. 



The nearest living ally to this form, according to Professor Verrill, is 

 the Coenangia conferta of the Pacific Ocean. The latter, however, differs 

 from the fossil coral in possessing usually 24 septa and only moderately 

 wide interseptal chambers; the walls are thinner; the septa have 

 larger lateral granules, and the columella is more strongly developed. 

 Professor Verrill further adds^ "that the close relation of this living 

 (Pacific Ocean) si^ecies to the fossil and recent species [Astrangia dance 

 and Astrangia astroiiformis) of the temjjcrate coasts on the Atlantic 



'Notes on Radiata, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts and Sci., I, Pt. 2, p. 531. 



