8 ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY CSRCULAR 51 



compact, fibrous roots close to the trunks. However, in some 

 nurseries root pruning is not a common practice. The trees are 

 dug by experienced help with a minimum of root injury and 

 usually recover rapidly from the shock of transplanting. Ar- 

 rangements can be made with many nurseries to replace any 

 trees that do not survive. Local nurseries with experienced 

 workers often plant trees for the purchaser at a nominal charge. 



Wild trees taken from woodland or field locations may sur- 

 vive transplanting and grow satisfactorily. However, many do 

 not survive because such trees frequently have wide-spreading 

 fibrous roots which are cut off in digging. Without these roots 

 the trees are unable to take in adequate supplies of water and 

 nutrients. Wild trees that survive may require two or more 

 growing seasons to recover from the shock resulting from the loss 

 of roots. Also, trees growing in dense shade may be spindly and 

 may require severe pruning to produce desirable shapes. Many 

 of them have tender bark which is easily injured by exposure to 

 direct sunlight. 



Many states, including Illinois, have laws which require that 

 wild trees as well as nursery-grown and container-grown trees 

 must be inspected by state authorities and certified to be free of 

 diseases and insect pests. This inspection must be made before 

 the trees are moved. 



When to Planf 



In general, plant deciduous trees in the fall after leaves drop 

 and before the soil is frozen, or in late winter and early spring 

 after the soil has thawed but before the leaves appear. Ever- 

 greens are most commonly planted during these same periods. 

 Deciduous trees and evergreens may be planted during the winter 

 or summer if properly handled by trained personnel. 



Trees more likely to survive when planted in the spring are: 



Bald cypress Hickory Sassafras 



Beech Hop hornbeam Sourwood 



Birch Hornbeam Sweet gum 



Catalpa Larch Tulip tree 



Dogwood Magnolia Tupelo 



Fir Mountain ash Walnut 



Goldenrain tree Oak Willow 



Hemlock Poplar Yellowwood 



