Ses Oe 
Fesrvary 14, 1857.] 
THE AGRICULTURAL GOOLE TS 
with interest, wear and tear, removal to the field, &c., 
er 7s. pe while the cost by 
id g on of 
img i so closely approaching to the cost of 
steam plough had n t falila, the strict 
e “un um ” 
= 
` 
a farthing— 
m ploughing than any other inventor bas 
yet moma > sage Fowler has received from 
Prag ony ah i (the EEN p pompie of all i his tg 
dry) munificent, 
nefit hus 
rela =y of—nothing. 
pardon. At the Lincoln meeting in Baa the Judges 
manifested their appreciation us by con gz 
him a silver medal; he if 1 siaa iia ideg 
a emedindy 3 useful cottage cooking stove, a one-horse 
cart, and 
r their, 
e premi identical o 
drills, &c., that have duly pocketed and puffed the 
honour for many s ive and ha nathing+ i | 
to bestow, either in with the “terms of 
offer,” or be oan and in spite of t 
ie y! sp bem, 
Read Mr. R s Essay on the Analysis 
English jeena Journal, vol. i.—See pt o Taira 
Husban ith on 
ee and the Rev. S. Smi 
Lois-Weedon Culture. 
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS. 
QHAmRADaHR EBS SR 
Sp Seca pt ee 
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tioni drofa ha th = 
A Probie acid ois 8 
el i He ee Ee ta 
Oo: an ee oO 
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43.82 OO OO Ow nS e 
wo g o = 
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e chemistry of subject, the following 
an alpine i the ses! mp mineral matter which an 
or 
fiome Correspondence. 
Draining—does increased depth 
creased gen between the drains ?—That rh 
the depth of drains increases the area of their action is 
a truth that is now araeo admitted ; although from 
not feeling the full foree emr truth there are still 
many who in their practice as drainers are afraid to 
avail Gapini of the advantage that orgy depth 
much 
| 
of reclaiming land, so wet 
and valueless has it hitherto been. the first 
| instance a new cut of upwards of a mile in length had 
to made carry off the drainage of the higher 
district, which in times of rain had no access into 
the riv ed the co . By means of this 
cut and so dykes which it has been n 
sary to intersect the land, an outfall into a lower part of 
the riv en f for the drainage, that has 
enabled the depth of the draining hich 
tth 
the og me floodings which were previously on. 
saw this land about 8 years ago, the 
Grass land was covered with d Rushes, a d 
the parts un re thro 
ridges, divided by deep wide furrows which 
of their wetness aise * 
the tops of the ridges e being ploughed ; 
ditches generally stood rkr full of water, -n in the 
hei this must ved on 
Ih ugh get to it, which 
made the change wrought by the draining the m 
es rkable, cut was carrying off a body of 
e river (the Thames) i con- 
tained, and I eend have walked over the 175 acres 
in high shoes without -getting wet-footed. The ditches 
were all dry, last summer a have 
t to abound. The land 
upon = i 
inventor almost in a class by himself, and Wheat, Beans, ips, and Clover lies level and fiat, and now th ed the 
who, 7 amazi zing exertion of i, 4 arga energy, igre line giving the r sho, quent per acre, soil is found to be not clay as it was supposed to be, 
and outlay of capital, has produced a novel order o and all the other fi quantities | but xture dto grain and roots. 
p pr amom. ; : 
machinery sufficient to revolutionise our method “tat ee It ly rests on beds of gravel, by banks. 
ning and cultivation, will -n begin n - , : - lof clay. Since it was drained some of the Grass 
iis where are the national spirit and enterprise of WHEAT BEANS. TURNIPS. | CLOVER. mi a a ada th A Sigg er 
l a societ : oF np ng, 
However, if he fe à KERIO eww ene aA BDA] Sop. 1 rod TWRS intelligence and better farming of the new tenants 
Trak e r as aoi aere co rer S. | bs. | Ibs. | Ibs, | Ibs. | Ibs. | Ibs. Ibs. | on soon show this land to be of firat-rate quility. 
invention is now so = pow anced and so ag ctl Ba iu 151 151 || 320 | 223 | 292 Thi change has sag ee were emis 43 acres 
ted rods 13 perches in the oceupati r. 
munity that his Pesan rb Flin rag, tear eg aa aari have been drained by 647 rods of drains laid at depths of 
Prize-lists whatever. 7. A.C. in dhe Times. lica 3.35 | 67.98.| 0.88 3.86] 3.43 8.99|.3.34|.3.63 | from 4 to 8 feet, the great ing 
Phos, acid) 46, -| 5.43 | 31.87| 7.35| 9.74 | 6.17 | 6.35/11.53 | deep, and the including outfalls and engineering i 
e E Meow oy Oath. acid mai Caere Pr Poi aaa Sgad Pen o li [Only 822. 19, Tid. oeeie i 
MEMORANDA FOR THE AGRICULTURAL| [8 e | ares | dics e089 ae oaao? | occupation of Mr. Gill been drained by 2340 rods 
d Ri ' s J P „891264 pation 0 A è ve y 
STUDENT. Tamat 12.3 | 2,74| 6.55] 488| 3.01 | 2.81 |11.22 B15 drains, laid at ga of from 4 to 9 feet, and the 
ON THE FERTILITY OF THE Peroxide} 79| .74| 0.36| 0.9 | 1.09 | 1.68 | 0.97| 1.96 | total cost is only 3047. Qs. 9d. By means of the d 
ge apt r’s Sasa on "Eaa T Properties of Potash ..| 29.97 | 12.14 | 42.12 21-16 | 96.98 [15.4 14:85] 14.39 a across the clay banks ian basined Pd the water 
Soils ” ve i, of es a . | Soda 3.9 | 6 | 19 | 456| 6.76 | 2.84/1.40| 3.72 |in the beds of gravel, n let out, 
Coleman's ssay on sayi ms m Chloride }} | laa} 09 | .50'| sos] 2s)... and the gravel beds lie e always ope open os receive the 
425, 442, i5, 512, 587,5 570, 6, i rae ‘the Chloride ON By water upon this land been 
= e o; 3 p 
veh dee 1 st en Sh etm 09| 322 | 1.90) 9:05 | 7.81 |15.30| 2.86) 4.92 | attempted to be drain Togs the sili uy, and the 
me 2 Forties in new broken-up wade Sn aa Ged be found in the. one ts -e oct sar ge n to 4 Teet, the expendi t 
"Pec i detcrecned by tho idi it the soil, pani vill ot grow saa lows: a soils contain | would have gp een Hewitt Davis, 
J i i e by Mii er, 3 ick’s Place, Old , Feb, 9 
pene: in which food for plants is stored, and | óf a recent alluvium ; 2, by Liebig, a fertile alluvial soil; |” E s E ie iles’s object i 
Vehicle of that food to the roots of plants, and as a Leaf Feeding.—lf my friend Giles’s object in 
laboratory in which that food is ëd. In fiz Be paee sand ; ra a Spenghse. taba pats ings is solely to promote ical changes 
ry prepared, each of | the soil ich Sainfoin died off in its second or ‘ae oil ent kal in it, I have an 
of the soil affect i racter | third y them up el 
Scanian TAR mand, Bite 28 a eee get ge s £ 
a es of soil as commoni 1 2 8 4 ‘| confines leat ing to atmospheric as others <£ 
oem include :—1, The w of the soil iar eabic Ougeitieematiar $824 his hoeings cannot tend to the nutriment of plants by 
given in the following table under cols. @ and ; 7 athe a ed i Eee e .. |their leaves. Now, if the of aerial leaves are 
Its capacity for water, given under col. ¢,—100 Ibs,of| Potash ... $ 1.026 21 oog | so [on the ides of the leaves, if a plant or a leaf 
wae dri additi E ddas wei pertas wan Ss eB ae | suffers w e leaves ersed, and if the leaves 
water stated. 3. Its pow moisture ~ mga : i 4.09 ss | ös log |}make efforts to recover their natural posi surely 
— the air, Thus Sir H. ain found that 1000 - Magnesia .... «. | 0.18 st | ‘006 | .24 | there must be pay good and substantial reason for it. 
sae soil ‘East ‘Lothian absorbed in Dane of iron wi ee 61° 48 } 5.81 |I rely very much upon this provision. — 
from bs, ; og tating Som upbigrcreene : hee Ib. ; r arretta Aa E 3 dó ot a prada! positively thi po of f leaves, Can we 
Sandy soil (18s.), 11 Ibs..; a coarse sand (15s.) 8 lbs.:| Ph mobic aati” 466 43 | 19 | 098 on er sides of ‘the y eR to receive a 
oe ot Heath, 3 Ibs. Schiibler’s figures os aon aa ge ge | att | 1002 "1-89 "| descending fluid? Our hoei ation so super- 
Si on es ed weight gained by 1000 Ibs. of See gg Proa 1.24 2 006 | fr, | ficial that it is hardly possible to conceive they can have 
in the- to the air for 24 hours are given in pit treme silica... 2.3 prs ment effect ves the roo 
ralio w. 4. Its mp! to lose water sete . oe 648 |84 (90.03 | promote the the soil, pry teres: Po 
thus—of 19 ear is in I. e, which eles : away with the sealing up o f the surface by 
lost on. 100 lbs of water in a ‘nat sand, 88 lbs o| The ammonia ae ean in clay soils is indicated in the | su and so admitting air to act on the soil; 
the ther enn for a given ti the air, and so in | following analyses by Professor Way :— yas aa ee verr ger 
absorbing hea’ iy cen nicer 5. Its po of a Spenar phase but that which weep i ingress 
1 3 arnham contained oe A think among otbers 
—— h ve soils is oe ote earma Se aa n noe RH we : = èa piar of the eg ad Antan of this perfect working of 
Seal dm 77 Fa on apo ian vert; ao aE Gre <a | peneirate ao fas ito the af. prevent dint 
i x powers of soils are indi- evaporation, and gives time fi Ne ens > 
feaa bols, $, and j, where the relativo force needed salads tees ii quantity present in soils | under soil, it also, as continually as it is formed, bre 
inca cubes of of aden to being ae is | of given depths, up this puddled crust formed by finer cles 
sr fy the atl feo The fertility o of a soil is practically indicated by the|clay. In pursuing h T allow of two objects, 
acr wood) of the several ionieni T béing quality and quantity of its Vegetable produce. Tt is| the one to facilitate chemieal in and between 
Agan i and j. 7. The p hapni of soils on rep maintained by drainage, li ganic s in the soil, and the organic 
earth”, iven in col. k, 1000 parts of the moistened | texture cf soil (marling, on burning), manuring, | ones existing there and in the air ; the other to 
Mated. 8. The in bulk the number th ena eeeees of fitting crops in fitting rotations, the escape of the binations so effected 
Ress Of the a c Pillary power of soils. 9. The fine-| Illustrative instances :—West Norfolk ; as of those more purely organic for the 
Pest: © sion in and Wolds; home grounds in Dairy of the Jeaves, in which it appears we differ.. 
