moti 14, — 
THE GARDENERS 
CHRONIC 
LE. 173 
mong t 
show. Ir. Van den Hecke de Lembek 
stood pre-eminent e kinds were tho ll known 
tous. The syst f culture adopted deserves to 
brought prominently under the notice of o gr 
plant growers pecimen Azaleas had straight 
clean stems about 12 or 14 inches above the soil, and 
sturdy s have, for gre rs of the 
they have, fo: at numbers, 
were 3 and 4 feet through the head and as much high, 
caah porua in form, completely covered with 
this on the lst of March. ere, let 
ndeed was su 
pen da of such supports 
ir. A. biron 
also some fine specimens cultiv 
oe manner ; his —— Ajet eee casa 
ee ni præ oble examples. 
obtained the gold A grda eo task 15 plants. 
Baron Heynderyex, the President me yes society and 
a tron of gardening, had very fine 
Sg M: r. D. Ver nip gh ‘he first erpen 
for the io best oe Azalea éant, Etendard 
Ia Belgi ave 'peruniæfiora, Ru ubens, 
té de Ledeburg, 
< 
z 
prt 
i 
— a collection of plants in flower suitable 
use temp ratare, and obtained the first — 
ie Vieomte de Nieuport came in secon 
tomed tó see large collections of Asharyllia i in 
span “ee re however were 90 
splendid conditiod—a glorious 
this in Englan Ya 
The 
n Amaryllis g en strong, 
Mr, J aes a e lead. ‘Ther a 
or of tic of Hyacinth 50 feet long ae 8 rows s deep, eae 
of Tulips, Narcissus, Crocus, &c., all truly 
—. 
We come, now to the Orchids, which do not at all 
approseh 
there are good collections both in continental nurseries 
nt ood ¢ 
and private gardens, still a want of g lture was 
rent/in the whole of them. Mr. A. Verschaffelt 
was first ; had a grand plant one he bes 
varieties of Dendrobium nobile in fine condition, 2} feet 
high by 24 feet wide; Van ricolor, var, Leopoldi, 
and Vanda suavis, both good ; ontoglossum Cer- 
an. ag 60 flowers open on it; Diary, te oraaa 
inden was sec with so 
x, good 
ak as Phalænopsis amabilis, Däditogionsita 
_ od Vanda tricolor, &c.; and the Baron Heyn- 
Conifer always constitute an se ah feature of 
an 
j these displays, and as fine foliaged plants the ey can 
‘ scarcely he excelled for decorative purpo Mr. A. 
Van was first a group of 30 s species ; ameg 
them were grand plants of Cephalotaxus Fort - 
Browni, 4 feet high, Araucaria Cooki,. 34 feet, 
Torreya Humboldti, 4 feet, and Wellingtonia g 
2 feet. Mr. rt was not much behind his 
de Kenchove de Limon was first, and Mr. A. Van Geert 
Second. The tree Ferns were glorious of 
as accomplish. 
‘Mr, de who stood first, w 
examp 
In the sollestion of 
Limon, 
Mens 5 and 6 feet ye 
awarded 
gr 
concluded next Faak ) 
A 
ON | LOW TEMPERATURES WHICH DO NOT 
AFFECT THE VITALITY OF PLANTS. 
rie tate 
above zing point when 
dormant witality at coir nug eugmented = 
heir seeds commences, and in h supporting it T 
to the lain observati: 
Sikkim inaiega, lat. 27 ON. and 
A temperature of the earth 
beneath the surface was in December and 
° abov e the monthly mean ; in November and 
si tod i in Mareh a fow degrees low the 
<an temperature of the month, and in 
T being sunny it stan 
7 o to Se atak a 
ctivel 
respe y. 
‘he sani a of all my Observations, which at cn ment 
Of the « or P t the mean t 
October above 
tands above yon 
le below the mean t 
or 3 feet depth i is 
that of ataa pg hap 
Regie 
them many | ture 
e 
pirmi 1? to 3°) war 
of the soil at that place is, on the mean of six years, 
re en og of 1 foot 1° above that of the air, and at 
t 14°. During the aage months = se is con 
han the d during 
summer ths soil is a trdoti ofa Baies ware than the 
In india, the sun’s declination being greater, these 
effects are much et neem ae soil on the plains kamag 
n winter sometimes 9° hotte: 
siderable elevations in the Him ea uch m ae 
that summer also the temperature ofi the soil pira 
falls Arin that of the air, except where copious rain 
falls communicate a rhe temperature, or where forests 
makun with the rays. 
At considerable peines. these effects are so grea 
increased, that it is Poncia d y probable that at cor 
ocalities me we temperature of the soil may be 
10° warmer than that of the air ; thus at J > siete 
tion 13, 194 = ‘he _ in January was are 5°, or 19.2°. 
above t ature of the shies imme- 
caine with snow 
ring the ‘thre 
f the 
e i orhan ‘ie ernst fads 
fo remainder of the rori duri 
hrima months, therefore, the temperature 
soil does not fall below that of 7 snow, whilst the 
pts at about 20°, February 22°, March 30°, 
135°. 
This accumulated heat in the upper strata of soil 
whos 
e the soil in akc pee rig 
of ‘he air, it would t 
1e disa 
mately due to otis heat of the soil, quite as much as to 
the increased a, of the sun’s direct rays,in lofty 
regions. J, D. H 
RUSTIC ‘FURNITURE FOR COTTAGE 
GARD 
NS (see page 117). 
No. 10. 
No. 11. 
(To be continued.) 
~~ VEGETABLE Pa ee —No. CLY. 
639, Parasir® (Aphides*). which are 
popularly known under the aaa "of lant-lice are 
referred by autho to several — as A phis contain- 
ing those of the more common wool 
e roots 
mnei habits ; Chermes the species w 
purse-like pseudo-galls on the Poplar, &e. It is not 
however, within our province to enter into en logical | 
| details further than to illustrate e part which insects 
t ancient notio; 
* From a, privative, and ae I am born; according to the 
notion of their spontaneo us generation. 
rom 
mean temperature of the air in January may be esti- 
and so xe 
oa 
ý | miner capable of being i Aar by a single indiv 
aphis of t the Apple, Rhizobius re ielant lice rion rant | to fin 
of Hieracium pilosella and some others 
n producing disease, or injuring seriously the 
i objets of mamian eR 
640. ongst these the mee plant lice are beyond 
al raam the foremost. Sear a year passes in which 
ticular plant does it: mAN in nasag Â from this 
cause. Sometimes the Peach-wall, sometimes the Cherry- 
holt, sometimes the Rose- -garden, and, what is of more 
imes 
consequence still, someti the Bean-field is so 
cted, as os = little or no oyen = oe cies, 
indeed, are mely numerous, but me species 
Aa ee many E e aaen plants, so om ps aa i no 
o difficulties wbich 
| pe re: yA preserved specim 
lea hai ical mode of a 
which ‘still obtii to a great extent amongst parasitic 
fun 
e leaves on which the plant-lice are seated 
parasites often attack principally t oots and tender 
leaves before they ar jamal , and this effectually 
proni the proper development of the fruit. Those 
ich sewn e spring are for the t part derived 
eggs he pr ss boas , à few females only 
The young after t or 
of 
e eggs destined - aa 
of the following spring. A 
forth about 90 young, and eac ia 
| fortnight is capable of yielding a new 
ze | this Bow er of producing young ay further 
natio 
r impreg- 
o 14 generations, the 
idul 
of a few months is almost grema 
individuals 
may extend to fro 
obscure the light. Details of a swarm of the plant lice 
of the P sesa na given by Morren, which was so thick 
scape ossible to see the houses from 
middle of the str nt} 
642. The pantie ea spon the ax gg sap of 
plants which they im y s of t 
towards the end of cake pea e 
f the of ho de 
643. The paige of pla 
xtent hosts of Diptera, which deposit their egg eggs 
within their wk ia of lady b 
their virulent enem jes,» a s z pa known 
grounds 
in the form of soluti r, or sometim the 
state of powder, or as it snuff. Almost the sole 
objection to such plans is the great expense in con- 
sequence of tob. bein ed with such an enor- 
us duty. In] collections of plants, 
in fact a serious item of ex ture. 
d 
644. The oiy Aphides are not bn distinguished 
by the downy sı secreted fi eir skin, but 
nt the neea of m Ppop al p an absence 
ich occurs also e genus Rhizobius bius “it is eaid 
oat true s plant lice y iA exist in n the woolly 
Aphis ponaga is apati hike some other plagues 
of Kapa. jga o be derived from that porto It 
nie England ul the end of the last cen- 
ype the Continent is still more 
t Iti is one sabe Rea greatest scourges o 
n ark and wood, and if no 
checked producing incurable canker and distortion. As, 
soon as it ma appearance, th re it is 
seated shoul or cut out, and liquid tar 
bbed in, and should it reappear another application 
% ee sted, but 
be 
if it has once been firmly established it is very difficult of 
complete a 4 AE M. J. B. 
Home Correspondense 
Hana Tools.—Every | good workman rent the value 
ag This is one of which 
although universally AR is a universally practised, 
for many of the tools and implements in common use 
are capable of pte kaprak Take, for example, 
the wheelbarrows in seen ens round 
London, and imagine if you can a more awkward im- 
plement, Now, as London profe to lesd 
pertaining to gardening, one woul expect 
d there if anywhere the implements and tools best 
¢| dapted to their respective pur but it is certainly 
so in the case of wheelbarrows, for I sed in 
remote coun distri wheelbarrows whic re 
+ An Se. Nat., sér. 2, vol. 6, p. 65. These clouds of 
plant means confined i Ghent, but were wit- 
— des 
pinta a iniy ay ace of Belgium. 
f For fuller details, see article Puceron in D'Orbigny's esa 
ardi d'Histoire Naturelle, 
