Marca 21, 1857.] THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 195 
not wi bly constitute a full eighth 
a oe i ine, after making due allowance 
innumerable repeti tions of the sa me thing un er 
imperfect eT om pg the forms which the same 
> 
article on the re a ac so fatal to flies in:autumn, setae g ” 
rja i 
the present time fuey are all but exploded, and Iam} ductions is enormous. Even in Great Britain, P, 
happy to see that German botanists are to.| frazineus is sometimes a gani across, and some of the 
follow in the same direetion, Some, however, still Jean | softer Ap form masses large enough to filt a com- 
ohn, in a mon Boletus edulis is in steemed as a delicate 
t their 
of zepen celik in the dieen Wit respect. very indigestible: E Polyporus 
to parasitic Fungi, which have ot regarded either as men for tinder or moxa, while: others form excellent 
mere ree of the parent cells, or as spon-|.razor strops. Polyporus qficinalis is a well: known 
taneously generated, it must be borne in mind that one a, theuse of whichiis, however, 
species at lait Tilletia Caries (the Common Wheat. by, better remedies. y "of. the very 
unt), may be propagated by t the spores at will, The) destructive to trunks of trees. It:is: true that: in the 
infected plants are at once distinguishable from those | first instance they grow on parts whieh are diseased, but 
which have had no contact with the iaito; and, | their mycelium. spreads: with great rapidity, and the 
ears 
m though not the slightest trace of fungal threads can be | moment avy growth of this kind app the treeshould 
of some o he organs with ~ sad are furnished,| found in. them, it is quite poig that something | be- felled, or, if the tree is important as ornamen 
to the true analozy of e organ ong each | capable of reproducing es is present, oeer in |;timber, the affected parts should be carefully:removed, 
emg plan moreover second to| the intercellular passages e Pro toplasm. a strong —s of sulphate of copper or corrosive 
none in their relative importance in the yo rit Paap se to hosts of Fungi of very different affinities sublimate be of the species, 
nature. In their absence our ditches and ponds would | which protrude amie a a” of decaying branches. | are e extremely destructive to wooden fabrics, the rae d 
be putrid, and ocean i one universal De ms, the Fungus which is, in edy against. which is perfect ventilation, 
Sea. At the same time the t| my opinion, the pro Caine. een toate of the. Potato murrain, falling, or, if this, be out of the question, i ran sheer m 
deadly scourges of man, pony dee his crops and | the walls of the see of the carpels of Tomatoes with such chemical substances as are destructive to the 
oisoning» himself, and producing greater political | often covered with the hie ery though nes is no penare ffungi, Merulius lacrymans is ‘worst 
te famines s even war and pit for they die: aren gage Siit the outward air ; and'a crop of the | of t aS its mars ium attracts moisture. A cellar 
ould has been seen to pact in a few Mest ba the | which has long:been dripping from its prevalence’ 
department ny ong y 
where, His wholelife- hose baal occupied in its investi- 
gation, and all have recognised in the works lie has | hi 
published a most able: -e learned master. It wasim» 
pas that the ta: should have 
been committed ta ta more vekilfalhands, lma indeed 
of the: ale a T fault it has, is that) i 
“The natare’ of the wori is not ve: favourable: to 
in y j 
pontaneous tion 
book-Iairodiim men ever since they knew how: to co 
ore fourth ke Mpi and the wonderful tale there of bees 
- born ina bull. 
i "The vari various kepe whieh eama mooted from 
sapectts g spontaneous or equivocal 
generation, barë been, for the ioa part, grounded on 
the development. of cy ptogams, and-of those animals 
: are lowest im tle scale of creation. Such ony 
nfined t 
© may b 
for “serge: a ro roar wd that “ns our p eastern 
s, oar of Pheenogams. Some, however, maintain, on the | species be 
bout surface of a diseased Potato, even though maige” c Ba becom me dry when a strong wash of corrosive’ ter 
itself Had exhibited no traces of the parasite. plied.” 
spont open Ager eh true, and Liane E produced jan 
chem from inorganic accordi The first part (price 1s.) of an Index: Filicum by 
dettta Ji ws, the species would, in all IT probability, atte Mr. Thomas Moore has: just: beem issued by Pam 
of far more accurate definition : at any rate the species and the work will appear monthly, containing 
of Cryptogams in oe ua are not more certain than enumeration 0i 
mplin, 
e 
ontrary, that there can be no certain. species of Cryp- | first part anti 
‘general convenience.but of great scientific importance, 
especially if, as we believe is the case, the author has 
the courage to attack: the insane practice of eine. 
om 
every tri wc. instance of deviation from: cust 
ge ond extract coneerns the caer ng apparatus | form, a 
para 
own vulgar] ly by Si {name of spawn, andinscience| he cae is necro 
a ium, and which may ber regard ded as the equiva-| of the: sub-o ; and tri in Moore 
f root body. | ‘thinks theorder itéelf. should. be divided, after which 
in ate order of Fun appes í i 
“In all Fungi nil isa arar consisting either of | which eachis kn 
threads, or more or less closely compacted cells, arising | to be anal 
‘in the first place from the i arao put forth by ger- 
minating spores, and increased by thei r division and | another can 
further development, to which thename of lag wt ium ar, be easily done ; if it is not done; Mr. ikain ai ‘hardly 
y threads of | do —_— to himeelf. 
il l nd - 
brane ; but still itsioffice is the same, and it, may exist | sent pho” for 4 Fe <u mina german et 
in either form without. producing fruit, exactly as cag from the mds witii the favourable reception which it 
may, remain barren in a cli hich i deserves 
congenia al, In some cases, a8 in the substance called z 
I i; it 
by am analytical synopsis 
whieh: Mr, 
forms 
as nlenshen, destroying wood of the firmest.and:most:solid Garden Memoranda. 
e, without attempting to produce’ a pileus; and again So a IETY’S GARDEN, TURNHAM GREEN 
eu land i 
Skast; ape ‘te ‘tide. nally grenit, ‘the “heh t 
of w 
‘Heath sean in ameet districts "ies ao pla ant 
makes its airan: Sisymbrium Frio covered every 
ruin pe Fire of London in 
Many parts of Galion danas the: certain follower of 
_ extensive confiagrations in the forests is Lactucm 
elongata, which, i n consequence, is known by the name of 
Fire-weed. Now it-would Bs is as rational to suppose: 
E} 
nera ration ma ET ani, 
notorions tliat atin Orchids, as Ophrye “apifera 
situations which are: so 
o e pae of err o moulds: or anim 
, ever made their earance, wittiont th 
sibility of the access of ean spores. After 
re’onged boiling and: exclusion of the external air, 
Pomaka conveying spores, or its admission only iter 
pb traversing some fluid, as s sulphurie acid, which is 
“structive of ‘ in the animal e 
Ia| The size which is. attained by Eere: 
thel an pa ormal state of a Fungus naka = nel gety latter'a stratum of somewhat finer geese be ~~ 
f| and forced inte a peculiar m ni, of development: by ita | While, above all, are to be placed the very finest of the 
bmer 
and discoverable only by close microscopic investiga- mente ity to form a a ap feature im, this 
3 
x fal cases, as in. the mycelium of some of the larger | —Mr. M‘Ewen, the new superintendent, was placed in 
Sphæriæ, may easily. be: found amongst the black and | Charge of this Gtit on the 2d in ince then 
ascigerous forms. There can e7 neither a perfeetly | be has suggested to the Council certain ground-work 
free mycelium, nor free organs: of reproduction, except aig gr have met with their approval and 
ia aquatic, or aéxial species, which. are of very rare | €PCOurag Among the first things to which atten- 
occurrence, Even if floating, there will be: something | ton has Teen  diteeted has been the improvement of the 
in the shape of roots, and. the: aperi always spring alks bore It has been considered 
direetly from the: threads, o a hit i | epee to have a re-arrangement of the material of 
which these walks and at the sar 
| sidered. as am Aige D has been: proved number of extra labourers are 
dak sting! sre pol Raat by  flloning up the develop- at present employed oe na en iin ime n hed 
ment. of individual yeast globules in fluid surrounded in has been turned up an where 
a closed cell with a ring of; air, ben the. proper fruit is | ‘been removed along ck "side. Ton widening the walk, 
that of.» Sa La and, as. thle Penicillium, has, on be at have weet formed; these and the bottom of the | 
se ged position. I believe: equally that. Saprolegnia siftings. The latter, spread age and well rolled idien, 
and Achlya mapiisopir: above, miiy their activé | are expected to bind well and form a th and good 
Sopak are mee merged states of species of | su arface, which will not grevor to rise higher in 
Fitoi iere aaa a ae | feat of mycelia the middle than the height of the e surrounding lawn, 
| produced in ve seats and mineral infusions referred | which along tle sides of the walk is to be proper! 
— 
e 
= 
o 
Cae 
© 
> 
PE 
2 
=] 
D ct 
p 
Caa 
oe 
® 
a 
to Algæ, which are nothing more than submerged confer- | tev £0 as t 
void forms of species of Penicillium and Aspergillus, very | that most of the be ds on the east side of the arboretum 
mmonly of the two most ordinary kinds. In general el be altered in share, tl at hero shall be a rearrange- 
.| however simple in structure as the lowest may be e, an nd of the Coni Maa pont p lanteđ there, an 
there are many that e akni paar A. of a single he araid which bou that ba of the garden 
cell, there is, as said abov ess apparent | shall be so rapes sA as pn present bold points and re- 
| system of threads or cells: (iit siden from whieh they.) conses instead of zigzag ou ine it has at present. 
spring, traversing frequently the tissues of the matrix, It is hope? that Bolueta may be obtained in. suffi- 
i bl 
tion ; and even if’ there be cases where no mycelium | shrubbery, which may thus be 
exists, a fact of which I very much doubt the reality, or aa tof the. background to the. ae ‘the beds i ao 
ven the possibility, though the mycelioid system may | front of t heme =e 
reduc ew sui ot k , tis | erican garden is ave being. ‘altered. and in- 
ere is usually a definite arrangement of the spores, a} ‘mee bs extent, and in order to induce people visiting 
int very easily recognised, except in the very rare other portions of the grounds A turn their steps in that 
pom Aeey i 
| cases iñ which, by repeated division, they are apparently. | direction, the walk between it and the conserva: 
indefinite. The fact a , is, tha 
umber of Pun , 
| indeed; to tlie an i egetating part or mycelium, But the keeping with the character of the grounds of which they 
— oe of the Filites Maskires m does not bear a | are i intended to form ae 
than va filesia 
_ 
evoted 
ases, | to the ro’ ge gg aaa eg om 
is vari : por the seeds of which are to be — 
that. 
