Apnit. 4, 1857.1 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
239 
Se ` l acre in 
Ciover and Italian Rye-grass, 
Oat am, to be mac owed by Swedes, 1 acre to be 
4 acres to me age t Wurzel, 1 acre in Po- 
tatoes ; then your seed bill for the year will have 
amounted a £ 3: 
r aant br soe A 10s. <6. ot 0 
4 Beans, a ABA ee ee 
4 acres acres of ea sedi and son vat 208. . 400 
7 Ibs. of Carr . 014 0 
98 lbs. of ance aE at Sp Oe Be 
7 sacks of Potatoes, at ish es a 
å lbs. of Swede seed NS? OG 
: Eye eer —As I shall goin my Ain yie Ae 
of manure, h will only put. down here as an 
een spent on euan desirable under your 
cireumstances at least, 3 
(6.) The p of ip ag be considered in my 
next letter. Iwill at prese only put it now at about 
1002 to paok AmA I ea +i iih in detail in 
To recapitulate, then, we have— 
£ 8. a. 
1 Rent and taxes e wld 0. 90 
2 Implements ... . 99 0 0 
3 Live stock a o E 
S ; 20:15: 0 
5 Manure. 30.0. 0 
6 Labour 120 0 0 
re se to this ‘ean "he added for 
49 0.0 
Making the farm capital needed about ... 539 15 0 
Of these items the annual payments “will be 
Esen 
S 
Rent and taxes ot eee 0 
12 calves ii ae 0 
Seed... 5 aes Fee g sa 15 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Manure... 
m 
Labour 
Besides 5 per cent. on ‘all the live stock to keep it good 
And 10 
And 10 cent. on the 
against depreciation 
So that the whole annual sum to = pinijet: by t: 
farm to make it balance its accoun will be . 2015 0 
is whether or gee! you can ree. "320L . 
You will have 20s. a bead on 
0 months old, 1401. + 
AD 
per cent. on get horses for ‘the same purpos e. 
PEF to keep tapp. good ih 
o oo otek 
acres 
oe hay which your carriage 
m Oe farm, say 6 loads, 301. ; 1 aere of Potatoes, 40 
rey as I have so arranged your et ¢% fe the 
— and the ures 
, there vil hy 
quantity of Mangel, Carrots, and Swedes to sell every 
ese ae can get 25s., 503., aat 30s. per ton 
Lond 
which I 
expect an annual 
income fro 
onan OF LIQUID MANURE. 
First. The period for which the urine should be kept 
depen much on the after use to which it is to be appli 
mould, Moss 
part of an ~~ =? comprising three rows of roots, 
the middle o whi eighed in testing the 
results. Th 
vious crop on which had bee 
grass. The ex a crop of vgn oe vari 
11 tons 18 cwt. up to ns 12 ewt. an 
acre being thus nearly ter times as paare aaya as the | a 
worst. The best the worst are here brought | urine, I 
ther but wh 
should then apply € the Tiga i in its fres 
toge Ca 
spread over “3 wok g 
The Best received 
20 cubic yards of dung 
4ce te = iar guano and produced 30 tons 12 cwt. 
, 5e common salt 
The Wors 
8 ewt. of superphosphate alone, the produced 11 tons 18 cwt. 
Tt is thus ite pig that superphosphate by itself is | "g i 
not a goo for Mangel. ae te the best again | ode hte acs 
as the point t of. comparison, 1 eae. ® with 5 
e Seco 
8 ewt-of ERA: faka dir i 12 tons 11 cwt. 
nd 
The Third Wors 
owt: of meeting guano alone, which pieced 12 tons 15 ewt.; 
which show equally ass that neither of 2 
ingly will ensure a good crop of } angel 
se applications oe oe? made in too 
nall quantities e tried A rie with lie | 
quantities eridlied singly, an dean d comparison 
1 dung alone, with the following results :— failures in its applica 
to 
When 
ied to the rir in z liquid state, it ead be left in 
ms. cwt. a 
40 cubic yards of dung ae otti cus Lape tanks for a month or five weeks, when the necessary 
1 ev of superphos mang boii $ change will have taken place, whic be promoted, 
1e fnikonieepbat! = ‘ae 6 e ammonia eonen fixed, by sulphuric acid or 
The b H these is nearly a third short ay bi best |Y psu um (sulphate of lime). _ As sul kurie pridie asido 
ex cee a he worst is more than one-half | pt one. ajiength "no preneo. gren Mie 
d 4 . ’ > | exactly for fixing the ammonia in pripa A but on trial 
cie rad Pag series is a mixture ‘of “all the | fin d th 
| e average quantity necessary f t purpose to 
addi 1 ot omen! salt however, being, an half cwt. of acid to 1000 ga Sat ‘of urine. The 
additions constituen aos a sure rule, ever, is to pour acid into the urine 
PR k i until the effervescence stops; or to get a ie grey 
Tew, ge Peruvian guano site wk. litmus-paper (W ich almost any druggist can prepare) 5 
1 cwt. of Feo Sa produced 25 10 | dip itin the ipii apa if the a redden the paper, 
1 cwt. of nitrophosphate is a superab of acid, but if the paper turn blue 
9c ooh ge iw am" e ammo: ae S tes. en is no 
2 cwt. of Peruvian phe of either substance, the ammonia may be be 
2 ewt. of superp! w e fairly fixed, and the paper will retain its 0: 
2 ewt. ja sat a phate n en the oni he urine is thorough} 
ert: of comman aalt lised by, the acid, it may immediately be applied asa top- 
14 owt E E dressing to almost any crop ; but I have always fou 
1} ewt. of superp hoaylikte 19 i1 e be most immediate eful wh plied 
1$ pong asi s » to the argh in soft, damp, and rae weather. 
seen Second. e liquid manure the farm may be 
In each of tes arr y pig? of salt seems to | advantageo oe put upon the iy in various different 
have tom too ing the eye down the | forms according to the season a the year, the state of 
annexed general table F the ads, it will clearly | the weather at the time, and t ops to which it is to 
t in every instance wher re salt form s an | be ap one time I used it, chiefly in the liquid 
be seen ‘tha’ 
i 
ast of the series, though the 
ween viet ooo the aa ct of salt in | sometimes not 
ied, clearly shows 
fi 
Iwill aoe, go into Par further on this point just now, | that for my s oil and Tocality “aia should fo orm a main | spread, I hav en a ing of y esis Ars to 
p p paee on! pean Sy cada tg pi we Le tein in any mixed manure for the Mangel Wurzel | 3000 gallons per acre do litt no even when 
„a i ‘ . 
ind you t for 4.acres of your 5-acre Wheat field 20 cubic pie of dung, and 4 cwt. of Peruvian guano, gav® The only g gph pal ar agia ice aH 
you will need 56 Ibs. of Red Clover seed, and 24 lbs..of | | 28 tons 16 c pours tile, Sa A statin. Melee at 
Clover ; for 1 acre of Carrots you will need While the same manures, with the addition of 5 cwt. of salt, iny it 7 Ae nog with anes oe a out y pas y- 
$ or 7 lbs. of White igran Carrot seed; for 4 acres of ave Sedan 1368, Bike Fads Tor spring, Sid ant ony ae tee 
Seal weet mall: ah Hi at a ee sea oe De e 6 tons 16 cwt. were thus obtained at the | "Any weather, I found it to withstand drought better 
d cert cost of 7s. 6d., a ae of S ewt of att. when diluted with two or three times its bulk of water 5 
Red Mangel seed, a all of ‘which should be got at once. p te 3 | but that cannot be carried out 
‘Wheate il fe aay Eai aa * nexed oi = ere of ‘the whole eee the aid profitably, to any extent, 
hoed, and the Clover seed paraje jp E i o anga > cost Ol - i prea 
4 acres of the 5-acre field, leaving 1 acre next the e produce of the erop. I hope it may be found to y ary ths of spring snd summer much of 
ture field unsown for Italian R; p rass, to be piaig contain some useful hints to Mangel growers as to the ie Rees y yo ee - = 
yer best mixtures of manure for re Spm? I "oE oe plan fora 
i ‘ Sir,—The enclosed experiments carefu ; convinced excellent efficiency. 
i -The land for hhi ferrets should be rolled weeny dicted > the wink Wie wl ne E tate: ae Dung treated in this i > produce 
15 — 4 on the artificials sown with my own han roots w , and the urine contained in it must be ready 
oe wep ig pat ited pa Sight a peran pana and weighed in my presence ; in short they have ood for plants, in the first stages of their growth ; 
that you r to hoe them though the etg ER best attention. ; War: Hony ! fais por torrent se a neti sere i 
i i e $ je may 
Sean aa ae aas ae, ie ary one | ee ae rom |e ce tat a we a 
hin int Fives eat anette 0 i ng ; to 
ney et uereen i 4 No. Kind s and quantity, of | Cost per r |Total cost Piia this would Ar l dio vasieat y if th we 
Rows padaan be on ai res -= E This poes KA en onbin arijos aarsel af sarg, | Would caxty it But with the quantities of Turnips now 
nies ; consumed, the hill would y i 
“inthe very thing for your light land. M. a Sa es of the liquid manure of à farm, even although regularly 
SSS | : spread over it in care 4 
Ay ave 1 518 23 1 dš 5 inte d 
| MANURE FOR MANGEL WURZEL. Í ee or t 6 | Im disposing of the „or at any other 
i Tuerris crop grown by the English T yard, time when it can be spared, I have always found it best 
- thar whict is more under the influence of manu |20 cubic yards of dung ...) 3s. 6d. ) to mix vegetal ers, mould or Moss, which 
than Mangel. To erop can l 2 4 owt. gu z per n i! es e 30 12 |should always be pre a year before, in order that 
he so safely applied, and the only question with the ame ‘ 6 if it may be thoroughly decomp d. In forming a 
ie to ascertain the kind of manure which at the |20 cubie yards o Fios ses | to renier th the r only hes heed consideration 
ast cost ce the greatest effect. Not knowing { “| per ent., | = e carting of the materials as easy as porma = 
“Gis op, That rng adopted the eae tacthod of ppl s 4| 1s, superphosphate `. TO (p418 6 5 10 her ure, is. is adapte steer deseri Sptions of eropa >and 
ing a corre Aa all ketis € manures in the following | E nitroposphate at 6 & aian fails to ‘produce a remunerative return on all 
ee $ s ait -EES soi in I am am therefore strongly of 
he sce ubie pads of good dung, 2 ewt. of supe hosphate, a 140 cute yards of dung ...| 3264. f 70 oat 38 opinion that ‘Soult of a farm cannot be 
amra ewt, ofnitropbospha per ewt., lied to the soil in a better form than by mixing it 
pa in wate | z pgr E = E f Pare with the a and other fertilising matters. chm 
abe cies Seisan jenai igh nail i t sg ide” 214 0 2 6 |the amm in dunghi is perhaps 
bera. within 10 miles of London, and the result ia a ame phosphate sy soe" |} preferable pri for a slight | sprinkling of p r 
ke , actory. The of one measured | 6 (7% ewt: guano: ... | 12 0 410 0| 17 17 | ticularly in dry weather, has a i 
Trn, Sis teat kme field wtighbiiepwartacf| 2 13 tee LA 4 4 0) 14.1 ini moreo low price at which it 
, ed up 8 „ nitrop KER, 318 015 6 : i i 
(the Ye lobe v: y, and the i n o aoe. ‘is, A i n g in i ayour. 
eld nas Uv 30 tons. In order 9 ( Roy ee Or 7 0 116 019 it I have often used it for thi , and fully believe 
: indsot 4 aroa bai ihò Beat Ue j nite osphate ... n $ it . Iobject to sulphuric acid as a 
eda series of experiments to be made in | 10 ins pore SE ee 0 3 0 ol 12 15 PIT of solely on account of its t 
er field, where the soil was more gravelly and not |11 |8 ” ‘superphosphate | 7 0 216 0} 11 18 | price. 
80 favourable to the ` el erop ire 12 d8: „ nitrophos 6 212 0}12 11 | Third. The next and most important point to 
experimen s altogether, each occupying the tenth | —Mr. Caird, Langley Park, im the English Agric, Jour. elucidate is the profit of the process herein described. 
