240 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. [APRIL 4, 1857 
I ‘shall, tl therefore, give in detail the whole cost of the From these or se kag readily be seen that | once in eight years. There 
re are F 
works ago oh alluded to, compared with the returns | the urine-manure : of t s easiest managed and | will not under ans circumstances prota Soils that 
actually ob , Viz. — pays best when mixed wg the rs ; but as there will | of Clover ; on such land Vetches can be gro good plan 
pt cating the gle ar of2cemented £ y 4 £ s. d.| generally be plenty to do to the half of the dung | tage, as it does not interfere with th vig ke i 
» cost of male wey penal REE l t ] st therefore dispose of the remainder produces a large quantity of valuable man ¥ almo 
carria, 18 0 0 some oth t best mode I have fo 1s (neighbourhood where | are numerous os! 
” ‘etal agitator and 2 pumps ` ee 2, 0 we, to mix it with gio age ne — and this ) husbandry can be applied to ve t ad Spade 
Shine oo is doubtless the preferable plan for all soils of an inferior | stiff clay land. Where more than a pai 
5 wr the foundation of 1 circular ‘se escriptio mpost, however, is difficult to get, | required to plough 6 inches deep, land Fe, ore are 
ss nits cost and carriage and the land of a fair average nature, the urine may | cheaply as ploughed for several years, Ihave 4 
Byte ice i i i i 400 then be applied in the liquid form to new Grass or | watched the improvement of clay land entim? 
i pal w adk pump, EEr od ais 0 corn early in spring, and always in damp rainy weather, entirely by the spade, and I now see ee where 15 
—— 716 0/ By giving a dressing of 2000 to 3000 gallons of the | bushels of Wheat formerly grew, 30 and as 35 is os 
» std 198 yards of dain 2 foet deep liquid, I have sometimes succeeded in increasing the | usual crop. This increase of produce j por 
fes el aiies yard, including mak- W hay crop to nearly double the average quantity ; but by the use of manual instead of horse tee phe 
è r yards of tinch iay pipe, glazed the nature of th ther affects it so much, and it is so | the Jast year ve seen, on a farm in which] 
iis, s. per yard 918 0 difficult to regulate its application, that I think it better | immediately interested, between 80 and 90 acres ke 
te riage of d oan aa a 180 to dispense with the system as far as possible, and to dug from 8 to 10 inches deep, the cost of which did 
lay sling tn ot the draina, tosis aing mix the urine with the dung and the compost heaps. exceed 2d. per perch or 11, 6s. je pe acre, at A 
fixin nof of ceampoole ve nbi 118 6 The saving and application of liquid manure has of | price good workmen earned 12s, eek. I am am well 
oe xes for cesspools, in- late been a subject of much public discussion, and some aware that the expense of cultivatin ite fa 
ae perforated cep abode ce z ciro husiastic agriculturists would have all farm manures | rather more than of the endo i are 
eo ctor nozzle for co onveying liquified, and applied to the la by steam he | broken up, an l allow that the produce wi 
“the cot of an am the pumps to the eart 160 principle of itself may be all very good, although of | not be so great, still the Bean crop will be quite equal 
n scoop for cleaning ces exe this I confess I am somewhat pr ange Liquid manure | to the Barley crop. The heat.crop I will allow to be 
ag ny ofa cart for driving the liquid 610 0 tends to make een crops, and plants do not require all | one quarter agreng = the deficiency of two 
» cost of a small pump for pom ing the their food rea repared at on ut prefer it b il l d ea 
liquid from the cart o ay P An i r EA oeni ig pi for by the def. 
; avy: Sead Sigis seoa want pons tho 010 6 degrees in the different stages their growth, hips ciency in the original vitae of roi old pasture as com- 
liquid over the dung and compost hi 06 well a aee dung seldom fails A. supply. The ibane with the meadow, we here come to the 
aa tl 26 18 0 0 age 4 : = usion that on cold Mennt land is 
rom, nece cessary such an underta aS a by all members of the community b 
Total original bmd for wi S hi ses i A 7 
Armio eal ime like 42. 10s. per re is, I believe, their | tion. T er does not obtain quite 
i bee o: ei kra orks are of a permanent character | S estimated. cost for setting the whole machinery agoing, e he did he other description of hae" i 
reckoned a fair return for ‘the capital expen ded to | Which would incur an expenditure on the arable a labou benefited still more, because more labouris 
charge on it an annual interest of 5 ends” Te dicen of Scotland, at present under rotation, of fully ene required for its rate The landlord i is benefited in 
annual expenditure in maintaining Wis sake asum millions of money !—possibly more than t ~~ A id pig as he farmer, and the e public are bene. 
of 11. 10s. will be amply sufficient, for excepting th gt present state of our agricultural finances would be able | aa siete of the earth is 
cart, the pumps, and the ta: ii otkir appen Teg to bear. This looks something like putting the cart in of B. and th af 
em a need I ety hn the horse. Just as well tell a man at once that | creping iow land is so familiar to me as the 
Pat the dally si d here we can do nothing for him, as to tell him of a great | system pursued on UF ; daiela of land, 
0,0, gallo en) is applied to o ike lin d pritet pr ap sai ry args g he is never likely to r lise | culti ati f Down is becoming daily more 
s quantities, ace ordin ng to the quality pr ole, orm ot quid manuring which I have now detailed | general ; but still at the present time immense tracts of 
ae da ys pe the ted to sed. I shall now give is within the reach of the great majority of farmers, | land remain untouched, which from the levelness of 
ie heen the dost of f applying the above 12, = Ar pallets and if practised by them will doubtless pay them for | surface and great facility of tillage would amply repay 
compared with the increase iy of the crop thereb y their trouble. At all events, it may serve as a stepping- | the farmer for cultivation, enable the landlord toi 
obtained ; and in order dimk ate as near the | SMe toa more complete and profitable system s ie his ias, and afford great advantage to the public, In 
truth as possible, I “tren olje t tho iieis p five | Management l the liquid manure of a farm Tier y instance Down land should be brought into tillage 
successive years, have already shown, the Arim is perfectly w workable | byi breast ploughing and burning, and (when i 
Cost or THE APPLICATION TO Ax Oar Crop AFTER LEA has paid me well, and shall now be left to practical | within two or three years a liberal dressing of chalk 
gest of oline one farmers, who may judge of its usefulness, and the should be ‘ould. at least 200 cubic yards per acre, 
Mrara Aoa pene . gm po vay Pong Bree. on 240 ae s ~ propriety of its general ree aae Mr. J. Porter in the | This can generally be done at a small espns 
s & man and horse carting n 60 hou . 110 0 Highland Societ city’s Tran dug on the spot is by far the most val 
5 mem ae aatnally Working agitati in tank ©2506) 0 R expense of cultivating this land is no doubt far lese than 
"(it at per cent po anims outlay for works ta Home Corr espon dense. the cost of managing land of any 1 
2 mated annual cost of keeping ti mee e 1 sh. aT Yom at Ni Aito have ascertained that from 2s, 6d. to 5s. per acre is the 
o ilna gricultural Committee Oe ORO | waned rent of Down land: us also a ined that 
——— | Union for the Year ended Christmas, 1856.— The Com- ‘under cultivation the rent would ave 
Total cost of applying the liquid 15 18 6 | mittee, in presenting to the Board their annual report Surely more p simple fact can be 
TÒ lt'averigs ts P RRES by oink e of the Labour Scheme for the ast year, congratulate | required to show the advan ges of ti The 
application. 2 pa $ Dashni per sere, or 26 them that the many advantages anticipated when it was |. Jom of eroppin t ved on thesoath i 
quarters 4 bushels on the 12 acres, at 11. 5s, per first introduced continue to be fully realised. The total | y ppi raa ad R 
quarter for Oats ond st 31 17 6/ quantity of land under cultivation is about 6 d re TANS BNS cage Swede, 25 Oe 
» Less cost o; of harvesting, at is. 6d. p per quarter ... 118 3 e following i is a list of the: paiaina. faba. me hi f ves y consequendy Half di 
alf a green crop ; doubtless th 
» Value of increase of crop from the 12 acres... 29 19 3 | thereon during the past en | crop i allowed 
» From which deduct cost of the application |o 15 8 6 Sa beret Sans — — seo Wurzel biga 7 re Bes ihe soap Ot fam br ris 
Showing a clear profit on the 12 acres of 14 0 9 a aira e bages ppe of Lee ks the most sure and on an ave of years e 
EEA cwt. of Parsnip cwt. of Carrots. fitable crop of s but in uence 
Al ors p of corn grown conseq 
re wil general eost oo yes Say fy ? t Is. red e number of hours of labour, &c., performed duri ing |h eight of Downs above the sever of the n a 
Bi att ke co naht % arere er | the past year, by the different classes of i inmates employed | nego i oe it and ve injures the 
benefit conferre as n a. pensa y the on nd, has been as follows: e gra and even eight quarters are the 
UE aa of di m e aggregate number of hours of field labour done by a Abp th e ps of roots I have seen on 
pe ìstributing urine in compost must | _ adult paupers (mostly aged and infirm) .. 0,860 | land only a few inches d il are a sufficient proof 
vary necording to circumstances—the distance the com- ee perigee Sly ut paupers at work on an average of that a cue iar Sock if ce my be i 
ours daily 5 ors i 
pot a oat e a Pape a Reh e page ci of it get The tot total al tines ber of hours of feiä isbour ‘done ) by Aad 13,239 than on the seanty pasture of éelgiaal Down. i Laban l 
4 € ys at work, five days we then that no description of land is more i fi 
velly, and much i t of from 3 to 6 hours dail 22 pe nt 9p “inerenses 
Br Helen ester as A madre of one-third | The mimber of boys ta the nse fr serico atheis: “| value by cultivation than laced tee 
ry z as was 0| ms ren hts needs shalt as 
of kr plan pi ee qui u : Poe pI = boys were provided with situations in the’ course of endeavoured to prove bone in the prosperity of y a 
should carry the i i 
necessary quantity of urine to the land which, of course, a j —— Py propt a of 
ant lessen t El too E | To rent £40 10 0 | By vegetables, hen, tenant the labourer men and in the i. 
; E qu ery yr tithe... 516 8 cor n the wih rene tenant, and labourer partake the public 
eho id 12,000 gal ag: Wea 015 9 oe el at large. E. H. pmitting 
Sakay disposed of — i be dung s and after » Seeds, plants, &e. 112 2 rras said ic Oadl 3 On Improvement of a Small Property. -T ae 
repeated. trials with A dana toate Ne ae way, co my pared ax ewer ae 10 0 e Feats for % mei fo os eiee — ements iee a Te sagai 
with that unwatered with urine, I have found the follow- |» hucvestiag, thaich. "Nin ‘store at iilo cate enn ae ee 
average results on the Turnip crop— ingiand threshing Ț Christm: 48 2 7 estate of ———, it. may be as we lage, which is 
quantity of dung to which the ned og dcp hadaa 11911 | „ produce of 2pigs ppserve on the present cours Fe of the 
was abont 400 eu Apai ngair « i p ore of Sigs 16 18 6 slaughtered ... 15 12 6 | indeed that generally pursued in all those ee 
Turnips. oem |” en or whi conefitating a very lange proportion Of E 
Cosr or Distarsutine TRE Lrovrp. » -e grains, &e., Christmas ... 22 0 o | 1m which neither talent, wealth, nor proprietary i 
By carting 6000 gallons of urine to dunghitls in w SER wit ri algo brought to bear. The only my raat 
015 0 si Rca ut trivial exceptions, are Potatoes and Osts, or 
ps = ppg i penta et es - y EUR o, 35 17 Yt in oe successions till exhaustion page” = in 
tro RS EA | rather perhaps its foulness renders o 
Airgeis gri thie tan arii kva <1 S Da cn, * £145 15 10} rae ee mea bet re gage it is bevel pepe A 
(571.), at 5 ba : ", put under Po or left in weeds to reco i 
“ half th 2 annual cont of Keeping" ine nd: tae On Br jeebing up Clay Pastures oe A Downs. — The | causes a sham fertility, being for at least the ye ae 
working repair 015 0 | Totation re aan for the form 1, roots ; years in unprofitable . The me fitted for 
ms; 3, Clover; 4, Whe Of the roots to be| most ‘generally such wet bottoms as are not 
Total cost of distributing the liquid ee 6 6} grown, I sho ecommend that exactly the same | til , and A are very rarely manured or vay 
To increase of produce on 24 acres of Turni ps, ari- | Proportion of Swede Turnips, Carrots, and Mangel | Ifa few Turnips (Swedes usually) are grown they are Y 
sing from the application of the liqnid to the Wurzel be raised of the whole crop, to be d l i obtained = 
dung. at the rate of three tons of b ile pur sare the land and consumed in yards or” — Ton ne = l TEY age de psp Prt inducement, andit 
equal 72 tons of Turni 78. am fu p ording a greati tities, are 
From which Aikast sent of eiye Ge ene ay é 4 oon mat C on cla ay land very few ‘Sat in 7 pa housed 
Tearing a D haan rires ai prong I have seen 26 Pt per acre weighed | they given to their cattle. The cattle are aaa ; in 
Thich add ià prot on he other hal fo f the urine of £21176 Cori akea | e stiffest ear With regard to the | at night in the winter, and not at all in the su first four 
compost 14 09] of the 25 heres bo come men Clover and thst maa a or, thag, got oipaw, ai might fr ara be 
the mon is from lst Novem yonthsy 
ther half to Italian R ay 4 i two months, 
Or an item a a aiaa aiena ss is 21° jan ye-grasa; by these means the hay, mostly of inferior erior quality, for the last two. of 
Jay 4+ per are over the whole am land will only be cropped with either of the Grasses March ie April; consequently little manure 1S 
