316 
THE rt ntanesetbl AL UDAL ETR 
Wee 
TE. [Mis 2, 1857 
cording very moderate estimate made by 
7 Ee he steppe murrain had at the end of the 
last is carried off 28,000,000 head of cattle in 
Germ 
cobs enc 
Ho 
a ~~ Pho. that the i inquiries o of 
In t h 
not be found troublesome, but that the sie plinhithas 
ii : 
hosphate” depends u 
the quantity contained in it of _— pape acid 
pepa sores is, in water), without rega: 
com! 
state 
at the manure 
: aara acid”, all 
osphate” and “ inns, oo im merre 
sean to be much c Fhignadidonaby: A 
Paper on this rear, ag been > ety wa ye 2 
pressure of other matter.] Again, 
the soluble phosphate to the insolu bie, 
that the value po depends u 
biguity w 
pera 
ee the quantity E 2e 
se if w 
so prach * hoki - haphatè 
appear to be se kiana 
rent pro 
earth itself, accor- 
e two tribasic phos- 
2 Ca O, HO, P O,, and 
different insoluble ae eg containing diffe 
ions of the acid. Even in bone- 
to oie Peden aas. ‘hore a 
h 
the equivalent numbers from the heit tables within my 
zo pea er will thus 
J = 5704 
a 10 (water) 
P O, (phosph. acid) = = 71 is 
137.48, or = a ape cent. 
of iar acid ; the} latter will com 
Ca O 85.56 
p Qi 
TL44 ` 
57.00, or only 45.5 per cent. 
of the acid; so that the Seas of the “eg will v 
according to the ee alence of t agiia or the 
to the drainage oF cla, r 
Adjourned to May 
SOCIETY OF rome April 2 
Dr. Lyon Playfair, C F. R.S 
.B „in the chair. 
on this subject was Foi 
R. Angus itn 
towns, accompanied with pe e 
as well as vinegar and various aromatic | 
substances, gin which may ‘be put papper: mustard, | 
nd so 
an 
an 
— Water, asa gL pe in disinfection, was 
highly appreciated by th nd the most violent | 
exertions of these late years have only put us on a level 
with the erential towns ire. 
eat disinfecting fs 
not ees 3 and indeed all 
more or less for a dead. 
the’) mos ready m of disposing of dead 
n the power of the soil is complete, we look in 
amazement at the amount of dead which o en 
f'E P 
Air 
seems stran 
| some respects it is t 
= being the initial cause of putrefaction, it 
range to class i mae disinfectants, but in 
ofall. Its fir ae action is 
sesso as in na It is 
ha e 
slo 
the need of an arti ficial disinfectant. : But nature miei 
power to it under the influence of 
ot image o salts. If I might rous body most in use is the soil, which is a powerful 
that the rea as d is in the oai acid, al all am g agent, so much so that putrid a i when 
biguity howe’ be avo’ dit by at once stating the pro- à | completely absorbed by it, unless in excessive quantities, 
portions of this, soluble from insoluble. | entirely loses its "as and water drained from soil pra a 
A Tyro in Chemis i cient depth is found to have lost all its organi 
`. Early Green Feed—Weather Baws matter, eae has it been disinfee 
dry, but I am cutting Rye 2 feet high, for my co oxygen is absorbed, and it will be found that water | 
house, by di quid manure. ar that none | containing —o organic matter has its oxygen 
ill copy so very profitable a system. “Too much | removed, serving frequ — as a useful index to the 
trouble.” Eileanach, Inverness. state of the  dooonaponiticns forward. Dr. Sten- 
house has “ap ih this oxidisi ae power to be very great 
in ¢ j ae so ost porous of bodies, and has | gq. 
Societies. | ully illust ted it ipae g mepepties br. shceving 
4 ao Br that it absorbs impure gases and oxidises them, whilst 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. _| it has no power of preserving organic seana: shd 
WEEKLY ; 23.—Mr. HENRY VYNER, therefore, is an unfit substance to be mixed with 
in aa The names of 41 candidates were announced | ™®™™res- x 
rend the next meeting. Metallic salt s have a great disin niena a 
wN Locusts.—Lieut. Du Cane, R.E., in- | POWe partly from their acid properties allowing them |} 
maie ts, the ‘Council, at the previous meeting, that “ act ike, aokds,, ad mey from the : fact; that: some 
portion of the colony of Western btan Australia bat for EE metallic oxides unite wak tter as well as 
years been ri ; were | 4 iis above t : certain ms oon ying meee 
rear : is above ten yea veges i 
reat, “eens which eat up everything | salts, I was led’ to clon fel Mae weet ee 
f y d extensively. a must peit: be used 
as solutions. Now so unpleasant to use, as 
it is desired = pln the wa her t 
to inerease it. In cow-houses and es, and on ship- 
for ple, water and general ve 
antly combated. The solutions themselves 
are acrid, and hurtful to the and 
the metals have no place in agriculture; disinfection 
and agri must go hand in hand. The continually 
increasing price of metals shows, too, that they are de- 
manded for ot For these I recom- 
mended, in,a short paper to the Chemical Society, th 
use of magnesia or its salts, by which large crystals, con- 
taining the ammonia of urine, may be rapidly obtained. 
ilst w t had done its | 
ae: it was ie a i converted’ a Darse solid, as sul- | 
the | phur, or, by combining ygen and i in tooo 
aes by Nature. 
hat. i cases pa infi would not be em 
t odours Fo ased. and iad it would 
event their formation t than to allow em to van 
ich Odi 
m 
of material. Niy beliet x tat in in many cases this would 
moll wo eer the purpose, but - 
had about the s | 
urin 
al} | Not finding its disinfecting 
t rine, t but it had n not Len o destructivo quaii 
w 
proceed with it far, as I saw that 
to insure complete success 
_ when ‘ 
. 
was 
bug dren a 
We nirood that all bases 
the disinfection of of manures as the 
magnesia e best to use for 
onl 
soluble ammoniacal salt a raned the 
t equal to chlo- 
iy. whioh chlorine pos- 
On eee a aah 
Pape 
by Ph. D. 
Manchester” from which we extract the following aire 
th. | passag 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| GO 
į 
some 
han | which Dr. Smith directs attention are 
emainder of this 
experimenting with 
MacDougall, we came to some conclusions which I shall |; 
hemd which gave an in- 
el 
who use i 
stable j is code not only to = feeling. as we TAID oa 
al 
ren 
| sulphite acted, there was still a sm remaining smell whi 
= phenic acid removed ; we the deste ‘added to the ell which 
wets 5 per cent. of phenie acid, of which the pow Be p 
be 
vells. 
ost cony 
abundance post, ax sulphite “of magnesia was 
but we found that ther re were c ti ’ 
with it in some cases, so that wo tise thom 
nesian a tary putt ; in ordina sa 
SS a a 
ges :— aerel of digi ed our attention to more attaim 
The use of drainage as,a disinfectant is from objée _ After acer ma periments we tried it in sta stables, 
chiefiy at the Manchester Horse Barracks, when Mr, G 
d time immemorial. f the 3d Light Dragoons, was veterinary ie ie ci 
MUS os ae ase of antiseptics, as gaie to the dead, paueleinian made many’ experiments, and dec ial oo 
pria own longer than authe oy neey y | yale: finding it beyond his most sanguine expectatic | 
e e of using it is sweep the li j 
hich boo oki wien ‘ad some of ene nae. an sprinkle the floor with the powder, wink as esas ` wou i 
cesses descri used of sand in sanding a floor. The bedding is then | 
a manner transmitted to them from much cle dates, it. Apon s found partic cularly valuable When sick or Dut over 
show us th at in the qibinions arts there has oss | anim re pr he odour from the semi 
É as well as from the face imperce aT: w Lieut*C 
of information which has only been soca st “after | ofthis Teikiant mentions ge ept olonel Unett, 
much oe e difficulty. + | its use on board transport ships. Through the kind and zealous - 
Fir used in various ways as a purifier. It er pany jiin of Tet donaa anh: arry aa who had 
| rienced its benefit in his own establishment, th 
mints of times of plague for Pe ol were Fadte to the Secretary of War, ho ordered that 
of the war wi so much sọ "uk hae 
requests were aia for it pet other ‘transports Tts 
pare os “ome soccer success = the 
own that it w uld 
mfo n pees of 
| the floor with it Siac t nly, to manure rr e Sirona 
mixed wi 
Doyn n-Chi 
get z p Asra. saar generally into the conte: Yali 
| has sh have medied o; 
has no an instance. e horse: 
spirits, whilst a good deal of straw is marek ey breathes 
without either ammonia, which hurts the: eyes of those who 
enter, or of <n matter ; the whiteness | of the 
whitewas 
used. Acros 
s said by most of thos to occur. 
removing animal matter, but to the thermometer. 
made the, observations myself, but they are 
and to the feeling the change is distinct The re ree aot es g 
The slow combustion or putrefaction yona heat in t 
manı are, 
are*mixed with the oxygen. The oxidation ae 
are simultaneously arrested. It might be sai 
on is arrested, the manure is m t 
Ue 
sold his manure of one pant with the hile ini 
a ad be = Bete It is ie AMN 
wns 
request, do T wis to use the bo of Bere ae of ase 
irs you Telias i ts. till th 
tion will ma 
appears that, quite unknown to ourse! 
ted. 
powder w was called “M 
[The pa E uses of this 
to in this J weeks aoi: 
: 
r Paper, which we shall givenest v 
Dennen 
Miscellaneous. 
Manures iia ~a —Barley, as coat of the “ 
nitrogen n 
contained in th ; and for this reason ® 
ae isa bens arier gs manure for Barley than 
Bar 
power wth ee a quan 
