me 
Aveust 29, 1857.] 
THE GARDENER®Y’ 
CHRONICLE, ` ‘ 599 
you would a § tandard Rose. A well formed standard 
when in full tower i is ogg agem. J. Walker, Royal 
Hospital Garden, Du 
Focieties. 
BOTANICAL OF EDINBURGH 1 (conabadlad JSrom p. 583). 
—* On the Development of the Yeast naga fd 
Mr. J. Lo After so general rem on 
eas n 5 
nll are highly refractive, „and vary from 2 to 10 in i 
urpin. 
The a of ee has been divided by Pereira into | 
three 
es—Ilst, That in. which the cells are single ; 
2d, That in which they have become elongated and 
mycelium ; 
ding begins to decline, and ceases towards the close Boag of) paying a huge price for rare crooked cups cups and 
rould 
of the operation. The cells, aana were before of very | plates neatly daubed with designs that w 
ar size, now become more uni un and the EU o or for such tawdry e w e 
| nebulous mass in their 75 ia ega assumes a more definite| name of Majolica, we at once avow our Sag to do 
outline, and a appears fn be finely ae After re- | justice to the subject <A T trays! S W we 
gran 
n the liquor for five or six days, a portion of 
are heretical e the m brown 
the a which are exposed the atmosphere e| and white te er "pot exited vot Mr. E m ap 
oval and then elongated into tubes, multiplying still by | Chiswick and po to half the costly 
gemmation and fissiparous division. formations | porcelain mame aes ie Bernal of old china, 
e found in the sediment of the This is the paa is poega e reast igi Mr. e should not 
first st the formation of the mycelium, and | ex nthusiasm in an opposite a nor is 
exe nfluence of an important kind over the there any paci ility of his: wanting followe so longas 
The su te 
in form with those given in a previous paper, and need | ‘pi de luxe,’ which are nted by the 
ot therefore be angee ibed. The perfect fructi- | best artists on eos f ‘bleu de roi,’ * gros blen,” ‘ tur- 
fication in the speci which I have examined is | quoise,’ ‘Rose Dubarry,’ ‘ gait (a canary at 
.| that of Aspergillus Sonam, but there can be no) ‘vert-pré’ (a bs oa green), = ‘œil de 
bt A 
doubt, as I have before remarked, that a S 
form a ; 3d, That of aerial fructification. poate genera are also present. In proof of this a| Bernal’s sale Ai Rose o. 469 
The stage, or that of yeast proper, is said b of ex periments were made in he age Jeffery’s | sold for 1942/. he à pair of gy e igh No. 470 
Mitscherlich of two Mak tes brewery, with ii the gion. results : :—lst, A quantity | for 14171. 10s.; a single bleu roi. vase (599) for 
surface. ring Sore | and Untenbett or nent t yeast ixed Peni (P. glaucum, Asp 8717. Ws. ; a single green vase, with a painting after 
two variet ifferent ways, pone A. ain = -Js placed ina llon of | Gre 597 A for 3887. ; & cup 
ane me a rod pei ults fermenting Wort at a temperature of 65° Fahrenheit, and. allowed to | (No. 451), pain by rte for 160} ; and a jewelled 
en thee is the ferment of Bavarian beer, | din the tun-room, On th nd by | the surface | cup saucer m as thought cheap at 302. 
dch is allowed 6 very slowly, and at a low with specks of foam, On the third day the ied since Mr. Bernal’ Ng ‘this ind of property has 
ic and acetic acids fermentation had fairly set in, and the sur be in price rat i% dim we" 
is thud aveldel” The foiiis is a brief account of the | with pale yeast, which, under the microscope, Such the madness sd 857 i landed estate 
changes which I have o vi to undergo in the exhibited oval non-nucl Is in. a state of gemma- pm aya for a pair of litt china. ag with apra reek 
of tation at the distillery of Mess tion. On the 4th day the fluid gave off a nauseous kis sprawling on their sides $ ae 
Daksa the brewery of Messrs. Jeffery, to | “foxy” odour, which di on the 6th day, when . Bohn’s lecture is an in ing abridgment of 
whose ess I am much indebted. Before its appli- | the yeast cells were observed to have become sph the history o from the earliest days to the 
cation to the wort, yeast is seen to f isol met in all pasion like good yeast. On the 8th day the | present time ; vg we lon t of the marks or 
cells of a spherical form intermix e which from the surface an p a | monograms Ai e old potters will doub be 
are oval or tubular. These latter are only formed on the ere quantity ph se ort at the same temperatur his | found most valuab e by collectors. We can only find 
of the yeast where ok has come i soe with | entered into oan rae on the first we ype and exhibited room for a part o account of Sèvres porcelai 
+e oa see are the com um, and all the char perfect yeast. The A: i ‘This beautiful porcelain originated at St. Clond, 
er be present in any gaurd ‘quantity, as ment was maa T placing a portion of P Penicillium | where an artist named Morin, after mo 25 years. 
rong ihacially ste tt taR process of fermentation glaucum in wort, er the same i as | of experiment, ed in Fae ii an artificial soft, 
spherical ce gee me of two kinds; the one in ex he , of phenomena e. In arried the secret to Chan- 
ame very nOA containing from | mw. the production good. nal coll 3 and in 1740 it was conveyed in like fashion to 
4 to°10.nuciei-“these ‘are found in yeast, whist hes | third and experiment were made with sok, however, Hit serecal. yens, 
sour, and ere are ee met with Py and A. with like results; the only it at perfection, and not till 1753, 
of the appear to nee being that the by the | when Louis XV. took a share in the establishment, 
the Unterhefe of M erlich. In specimens rs Seat ‘latter w at the commencemen’ more i ised Three years after this 
in bottles I ar: fomi Ghat the cell wall became | spherical than in either of the other species, from which | the factory too small for its extending 
snud.tis mnnleti ace ‘it may Da infiircod. thnk, Sia pation, mahl gall a helier tions, and was removed to $ 
ed a Senda e idea be produced The extraordinary p which this porce- 
spontansonaly in nitrogeno SAAS bolt peeve entirely | lain arrived is especially gas to the re 
us, for we see that the lower class of fungi are | of Madame de Pompadour, who, pheno to 1764 was 
cepa ‘of yielding it it, and from the general distribution the strenuous supporter of all Rs an 
of Igy they must be present in every tig 2 of exposed| “The ‘ pdte re’ manufacture, recto OY 
Ano gies w has not received the | to the use of the thy, and never a staple 
aika which it esis the growth of i article of i ree, as the difficulty of its co ae 
g Barley. Whole floors of malt may be seen|and the are sustained by its liability to in the 
mmer time cov compl with various fungi, | process of firing, made it of slow . 
which grow from the interior of the ive. The true Cad or hard such as 
within t i % epee casin a peas im- | was used by the Chinese, and had recently been. dis- 
covered at Dresden, still ained unknown. at Sèvres, 
in kaa of the unremitting researches made to dis- 
the secret. 61 G. A. Hanung, son of the 
sounder Are the Frankenthal a sold them the 
but useless, for want “of the 
aati eart th called Kaolin, which had not not been found i 
ce the diligent inquiries of 
oe gnc! the. wife sale Br jou St. Yrieix,, 
bal irenge eg Sy — 
This f of growt 
i Saris and is, in fact, the only result of 
confirm those 
with] near Limoges Tres igh ight be hga 
w s might as a 
weries. for soap. On showing it sig bene wad 
aware of ae inquiries Bang Peay a porcelain carts, he he 
it to a neighbouring chemist, olin., his 
means it was s proved to be y true Kaolin. led to. 
s adai mongst the y 
situated on the right up extremit: 
g My own 
a “ef Mitecherlich, wl wher dlink tka DAAA per ty, in the : 
i i just mentioned are the only ones, and that the | on the the hand, and in the other, on the pica 
conversion of ‘ > into cells i irely . | rior surface of the fore-arm, about 3 2. inches shove = 
= The a fy wrist. It com asa red. in 
after an hour, ` gemmat: ere dou tained to the size of a shilling. examining 
size in three hours; in ight they ted 4 attained the it carefully under the m a mycelium 
etm | ver, be no | was puts papery 7 ipie: bulbs now 
; time for these changes, for th the | growth in favus, with a r specimen of which it 
temperature. In distillery wash, wis tyr ters at | compared. I have not yet had an opportunity of making plan 
a much hig! temperature than brewery wort, the arsa at all the „other breweries, but if have little po 
- Process much sooner, and is sooner completed ; alt 
and as might be inferred from the fact of their rapid 
the cell walls are much thinner 
very important fact 
loses amount 
Tt is in. fact ‘forced,’ and if yeast of this 
-once to work at a lower 
will 
Process of fermentati be ate in = 
d for a day or two it recovers of its a 
so working at a lower 
general rule, yeast 
ke iir ouol wast idire b Pas a j rore 
Porcelain, 
suljet, both an nh he te arae 
on in this, hanch paises Ay 
ee o to De worked ata grenier he heat, aon aa the |“ F Yo 
EIAHA 
