204 TAGG—VEGETABLE REMAINS FROM THE SITE OF 
present day, and represented by seeds among the material exa- 
mined containing grain or wheat-chaff, are those of Stellaria 
media, Lychnis vespertina, Arenaria serpyllifolia, and what I 
believe to be a species of Cerastium. These plants at the 
present day are not so completely limited to cultivated fields 
as is Lychnis Githago, and some of them are probably indi- 
genous. It is interesting to note that Mr. Reid, in his recent 
paper before the Linnean Society of London on the Pre-glacial 
Flora of Britain, figures and describes seeds of Stellaria media 
and Arenaria serpyllifolia from the pre-glacial deposits on the 
Norfork and Suffolk coasts.! 
From the material containing wheat grains, fruits of three 
species of Composite were also found. Two of these I have 
identified as Cnicus arvensis and Picris hieracioides. Both are 
species common at the present day, and the latter is recorded as 
pre-glacial.2 Ranunculus repens and Ranunculus bulbosus are 
likewise common wayside and meadow plants occurring at the 
present day in cultivated areas, and both the species were repre- 
sented by fruits in the samples containing grain. Fruits of a third. 
species of Ranunculus were found, but I have not so far been 
able to identify it. Among the same grain-yielding samples 
were found fruits of Polygonum aviculare, seeds of Geranium 
sp., Medicago lupulina, Chenopodium album, and fruits of a 
species of Rumex, probably R. Acetosella. 
The absence of seeds and fruits of common trees, with the 
exception of those of hazel, finds its explanation probably in the 
character of the deposits examined. These were, I feel sure, in 
most cases the debris collected in refuse pits, and although small 
twigs and wood-chips are present, such are but a small proportion 
of the total debris, and represent, doubtless, scraps from 
clearings. . 
The plants represented by seeds and fruits in certain of the 
deposits are essentially those weeds which would quickly cover 
embankments and ditches of fortifications. Thus in some of the 
deposits we have fruits and seeds of many grasses and sedges, 
and of common weeds of waste places, such as Stellaria media, 
Arenaria serpyllifolia, Polygonum sp., Chenopodium sp., Poten- 
* Reid, in Jour. Linn. Soc., vol. xxxviii (1908), p. 206. 
? Reid, Ll. c. 
