THE FISHES OF SAMOA. 275 



Life colors of a specimen from Apia, called matalau ulkili, dusky violet-brown, no red; traces of 

 faint diffuse dusky crossbars, one under first dorsal, one under second, the third on caudal peduncle; 

 head with faint violet and golden specks and edgings; barbels black, yellow at tip; two faint paler 

 cross-rings, one before and one behind dark bar on caudal peduncle; fins dusky; first dorsal dull 

 bronze with pinkish rays; second dorsal and anal dull violet, with dull yellowish cross-streaks; caudal 

 violet-black mottled with yellowish; ventral dull violet-bronze; pectoral paler, similar; a dusky bar 

 across its base. A younger example was a little more reddish. 



Another specimen from Apia was dark brownish gray, no red; three broad blackish cross-bands, 

 the first at front of first dorsal, second under second dorsal, third on caudal peduncle; first dorsal 

 blackish, tinged with dark red, olive at base, the rays pale violet; soft dorsal light olive with blue 

 lines, and a broad black edge; caudal and anal similar; ventral dull red, shaded with black, a dusky 

 bar across base of pectoral; pectoral pale reddish; barbels yellow. 



A specimen called maya (young), from Apia, was dirty green, much marbled; a black bar below 

 front of first dorsal and one below front of second dorsal; second dorsal and anal blackish, edged with 

 pale; caudal dusky olive brown, pale-edged; ventral black, pale-edged; first dorsal brown; barbels 

 yellow; head soiled and mottled olive. 



756. Pseudupeneus semifasciatus (Macleay). New Guinea. 

 Upeneus semifasciatus Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 1884, 263, Hood Bay. 



757. Pseudupeneus porphyreus Jenkins. Hawaii. 



758. Pseudupeneus chryserydros (Lacepede). Matulau. Samoa; Hawaii; Tahiti; Fate (Seale); 



East Indies. 

 Parupeneus xanthospititrus Bleeker, Mulloides. 57, 1874, Amboina. 



This species is common about Samoa, as also about Hawaii. It is well distinguished by its 

 peculiar violaceous coloration, like the lees of wine, according to Commerson, and by the golden or 

 pale area on the back of the tail. The barbels, as in Upencus cycloslomus, are elongate. There seems 

 to be no question that Lacepede' s glowing description of the"Mullus rougeor" belongs to this species. 



Life colors of a specimen from Apia, very pale violet, pinkish and greenish, not nearly so dark as 

 in Hawaii. 



759. Pseudupeneus cyclostomus (Lacepede). Samoa; P'ast Indies. 



Of this species we have three large specimens from Pago Pago. The species resembles Pseudupe- 

 neus chryserydros, but lacks the pale saddle on the tail, while the general color is clear red without 

 markings. The barbels, as in Pseudupeneus chryserydros, are long, reaching past base of ventrals. The 

 species is well represented in Sauvage's figure of Vpeneus cyclostomus. 



760. Pseudupeneus saffordi (Seale). Guam; East Indies. 



Upencus cyclostomus Gunther, Fische der Sudsee, 60, 187:5, Mascarene I.; not of. Lacepede. 

 Upeneus chryseryttirus Sauvage. Poiss. Madagascar, 228; not of Lacepede. 

 Upeneus saffordi Seale, Bishop Museum 1901, 72, Guam. 



This species was not seen by us. It is apparently the Upeneus cyclostomus of Gunther, with short 

 barbels, reaching preopercular margin, and with a pale area on the back of the tail. 



761. Pseudupeneus crassilabris (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Johnston I.; Papua. 

 f Vpeneus luteus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., VII, 521, 1831, Isle de France. 

 Upeneus crassilabris Cuvier A Valenciennes, op. cit., 523, Papua. 



762. Pseudupeneus chrysonemus Jordan & Evermann. Hawaii. 



763. Pseudupeneus fraterculus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Hawaii (Steindachner) ; Seychelles; 



Zanzibar. 



764. Pseudupeneus taeniatus (Kner). Fiji; China?. 



Upeneus barbcrinoides Kner, Novara Fische, pi. iv, 81, China; not of Bleeker. 

 Upeneus txniatus Kner, Sitz. Ak. Wiss. Wien 18C8, 13, Kanathia (Fiji). 

 Parupeneus kneri Bleeker, Ned. Dierk., IV, 142, China; after Kner. 



This species was not taken by us, unless it should prove to be the young of Pseudupeneus chrysone- 

 mus, which shows two pale lengthwise stripes on the upper anterior portion of the body in life. 



