THE FISHES OF SAMOA. 343 



Chxtodmi melanomystax Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 1801, 224. 

 Clisetodon melastomus Bloch & Schneider, op. cit., 224, Tranguebar. 

 Chsetodon flavescens Bennett, Proc. Coram. Zool. Soc, 1830, I, 61, Mauritius. 

 Chsetodon virescens Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vn, 30, 1831. 



1148. Chsetodon ephippium Cuvier & Valenciennes. Tifitifi taiona; Tifitiftila; Tifitifi tusi. Hawaii; 



Tahiti; Samoa; Kusai; Borabora; Guam; Tonga; New Guinea (Macleay); Woodlark 1.; East 

 Indies; Rarotonga, Raiatea, and Fate (Seale). 

 Chsetodon ephippium Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vn, 80, 1831, pi. 174, Moluccas, Borabora, Tahiti. 



Gunther, Fische der Siidsee, 36, taf. 27, Tonga, Tahiti. Seale, Bishop Museum 1901, 97, Guam. 

 Chsetodon principalis Cuvier &. Valenciennes, op. cit., 81, East Indies; on a drawing by JRenard (young, showing a 



black area on and above the anal). 

 Chsetodon mulsanti Thiolliere, Fauna Woodlark, 163. 



Tetratjonoptrns ephippium, Bleeker, Atlas, Clitct. , 36, tab.xvi, Cocos, Java, Celebes, Flores, Timor, Ternate, 

 Amboina, Ceram, Haraucka, Goram, New Guinea. 

 This beautiful species is common in the coral reefs about Samoa. We have also a specimen from 

 Kusai, Caroline Islands. 



The species is known at once by the large black saddle, with a long filament on the soft dorsal 

 above it. It is well figured by Gunther, although the ground-color is darker than indicated by him. 

 A young example has the dark anal area indicated in the description of Clisetodon principalis. 



Twenty-five specimens from Apia and Pago Pago. Life colors of one trom Apia, hglit grayish 

 olive, side with five or six streaks of light violet; edge of opercle violet; side of head grayish; a 

 grayish preorbital patch; black ocular stripe very narrow and faint; a narrow dark streak like a 

 pencil-mark from fourth dorsal spine downward and forward nearly to base of pectoral, snout and 

 breast bright orange-yellow, brighter anteriorly; a bright orange-yellow streak across base ol pectoral 

 within and without; back with black saddle, broadly edged below with white; spinous dorsal yellow at 

 tip, then gray, then a black streak, then orange-brown, then olive with blackish lines; filaments orange, 

 edged before with yellow, behind with white; soft dorsal black, edged with yellow, orange-brown, 

 black, white, and finally blackish; anal white, edged with yellow, grayish orange, grayish yellow, and 

 finally blackish, the yellow predominating; the orange a bright streak; caudal translucent dark gray 

 with deep orange blotch at base, the edges and posterior border orange-yellow. 



In adults the ocular band is well marked only on the upper and lower borders of the eye, rapidly 

 fading out on the cheek and supraocular region. In young individuals it is continued downward and 

 backward across cheek and interopercle,- and upward and backward to meet its teilow at the nape, but 

 even in the young it is most intensely black near the eye. In the young the anal fin is blackish with 

 a broad, light, submarginal band and blackish edge, and the caudal peduncle is crossed by a black 

 ring, widest at the mid-lateral line. 



1149. Clisetodon semeion Bleeker. Samoa; Tahiti; Thornton 1.; Shortland I. (Seale). 

 Chsetodon semeion Bleeker, Verh. Kon Ak Wei., xvn, Chtet. 67. Vierae Bijdr. tenth. Uocos, Nat. 1. Ned Ind., vm, 



450, 1855, Keeling 1. Gunther, Fische der Sudsee, 37, tat. 28, Tahiti, Samoa Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

 1899, 492, Thornton 1. 

 Tetragonoptrus semeion Bleeker, Atlas, Chat., 37, tab. xn (poor), Cocos, Celebes, Goram. 



This species, one of the most beautiful of the group, is rare in the South Seas, and scarcely more 

 common in the East Indies. We have but one specimen Irom Apia, which was colored in life as fol- 

 lows: Deep rich lemon-yellow or orange-yellow, with blue-black dots on the scales; lorehead gray; 

 ocular band black; pectoral and ventral lemon-yellow; dorsal yellow, streaKed with blackish, the tips 

 of the spines light clear yellow, a blue line separating this from the body color; last part of dorsal 

 largely black, edged with dark yellow, light yellow, grayish and blackish, finally brownish; dorsal 

 filament yellow; anal with less black and much more orange, otherwise similar; caudal light brown- 

 ish, translucent behind, the upper and lower edge, also the middle brownish, a yellowish inner stripe 

 lining the brown margin. 



1150. Chaetodon punctatofasciatus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Hawaii; East Indies. 



Chsetodon piinctatofasciatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vn, 2s, no locality. 



Chsetodon punctatolmealU8 Gmnow, Cut. Fisn, ed. Gray, 1854, iO, locality unknown. 



Chsetodon miilticinctus Garrett, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci. 1863, W>, Hawaii. Gunther, Fische der Sudsee, 44, taf. 34, fig. b, 



Sandwich Is. 

 Telragonoplrus punctatofasdatus, Bleeker, Atlas, Chset., 40, lab. xn, Buro, Obi-major, Solor, Amboina, Bunda, 



Aneiteum. 



