370 GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 



SPECIES INHABITING THE INDO-AERICAN REALM. 



a. African Region. (Central Africa, White K'ilej South Africa, Cape 



of Good Hope.) 

 JJmnetis walilbergl. Port Natal. 

 lAmnadia africana Brauer. White Nile. 

 JEstheria ruhidqei. Cape of Good Hope. 



macgilHvrayi. Cape of Good Hope. 

 australis. Caffer-land. 

 Apus dispar Brauer. White Nile. 

 sudanicus Brauer. Chartuiu. 

 Branchipus ahiadi Brauer. White Nile. 

 Streptocephalus cafer. Port Natal. 



vitreus Brauer. White Nile. 

 proboscidens Frauenfeld. Chartum. 



h. Indian Region. 

 JEstheria compressa. India. 



hislopi. India. 



polita. India. 



hoysii. India. 



similis. India. 

 Brancliipus dicliotomiis. India. 

 Apus granarias. Peking. 



SPECIES INHABITING THE AUSTRALIAN REALM. 



Limnetis maclayana. Australia. 



Limnadia stanleyana. Australia. 



Apus viridis. Tasmania. 

 angasii. Australia. 



Apus sp. New Zealand. 



Lepidurus Mrici Thompson. New Zealand. 



compressus Thompson. New Zealand. 



From these data it appears that but a single genus is peculiar to 

 North America, *'. e., Ihamnoceplialus) ^Mle Polyartemia is peculiar to 

 the Europteo- Asiatic Region; all the other genera occur in nearly all 

 of the continental masses of the globe, though no Brancliipodidm occur 

 in Australia, and no iw^wwdm has yet been found in Asia. This cos- 

 mopolitan distribution of the Phylloijoda (the BrancMpodidce, the high- 

 est family, being excepted) points towards the high antiquity of this 

 group of fresh-water crnstacea. The distribution through zones across 

 continents, noticed by Gerstaecker, apx)ears not to be exceptional to 

 that of other classes. We have noticed it in Geometrid moths, and 

 also in mammals, the central portion of Asia rei)eating the characteris- 

 tics of Central North America. 



ly .—MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY. 



A transverse section of the anterior part of the body of any genus of 

 Phyllopods will convey an excellent idea of the leading features in their 

 organization, especially those by which they differ from the meinbers of 

 other Crustacean orders. The leading topographical features in the 

 body, particularly of Arthropods, are the form of the elemental seg- 

 ments with their appendages, and the relations of the principal anat- 

 omical systems to the body walls. 



General relations of the systems of organs to the hody-icalls. — We will first 

 look at sections of representatives of the three families of Phyllopods ; 

 i. e., an Estheria (Plate XXIV, figs. 9, 10), Apus, Plate XXXII, fig. 2 (see 

 also fig. 25 in text), and a Branch iox^od, such as Thamnocephalus (Plate 



