REVIEWS 285 



"Glacial Phenomena of Toronto and Vicinity," by Dr. A. P. Cole- 

 man, and "Moraines North of Toronto," by Mr. Frank B. Taylor, are 

 articles dealing with the glacial developments near the city of Toronto. 

 The most interesting feature of the region is the Toronto interglacial 

 formation which includes the Scarboro and the Don beds. The Don beds 

 furnish many fossils of plants and shellfish. Among vertebrate fossils 

 the remains of a bear, a bison, and two kinds of deer have been recognized. 

 The whole assemblage of plants and animals implies a warmer climate 

 than is there at present; one is implied comparable to the present climate 

 of Ohio or Pennsylvania. The Scarboro beds have yielded fossils of 72 

 species of beetles and 3 mosses; these remains betoken a cool climate. 

 During the Don interglacial period climatic conditions must have been 

 such as to preclude the presence of an ice sheet within hundreds of miles 

 of Toronto. 



T. T. Q. 



1. Glaciation of the Puget Sound Region. By J. Harlen Bretz. 



Washington Geol. Survey Bull. 8. 1913. Pp. 244, pis. 24, 

 figs. 27, maps 3. 



2. Bibliography of Washington Geology and Geography. By 



Gretchen O'Donnell. Washington Geol. Survey Bull. 12. 

 1913. Pp. 64. 



3. Geology and Ore Deposits of the Covada Mining District. By 



Charles E. Weaver. Washington Geol. Survey Bull. 16. 



1913. Pp. 87, pis. 5, figs. 3. 

 I. The area studied stretches from the Canadian border 170 miles 

 south to the divide between the Chehalis and Columbia rivers, and 

 from the base of the Cascade Mountains to the Olympics, about 50 miles 

 east and west. This region has been studied by several other geologists; 

 but hitherto the glacial geology has not been so thoroughly treated as in 

 this report. It is a detailed study of the region which discusses the 

 Pleistocene history and later diastrophism. Terminal moraines, 

 recessional moraines, extra-morainic outwash, the formation of glacial 

 lakes, and drainage changes are the principal topics discussed in con- 

 nection with the drift. 



The submarine features are as remarkable as the surficial deposits. 

 The region is characterized by deep marine channels or troughs. The 

 greatest trough, that of Puget Sound, contains Admiralty Inlet, 60 miles 



