STRATIGRAPHY OF OHIO WAVERLY FORMATIONS 667 



THE TOBOSO CONGLOMERATE EACIES 



Extent and thickness. — The conglomerates of this facies are 

 exposed typically in the east-central part of Licking County. 

 The areal extent is unknown to the writer, since it has not been 

 traced to the northward, and observation has been confined to 

 the excellent outcrops seen within two or three square miles in the 

 vicinity of the post-glacial gorge of the Licking near Toboso and 

 Hanover. It seems very likely that it is small and not at all 

 comparable with the great Hocking Valley area. The entire 

 observable width is less than three miles, since the Black Hand 

 passes below drainage immediately east of Toboso, as a result of 

 regional dip to the eastward. 



The thickness of the Cuyahoga in this area is about 588 feet 

 (gas well at Everett glass-sand plant above Toboso where the upper 

 340 feet are reported as ''sandstone," the remainder as "shale"). 

 Of this, only the topmost 100 feet are exposed above drainage. It 

 was to this exposed 100 feet of conglomerate in the gorge of the 

 Licking that Hicks gave the name Black Hand, from Black Hand 

 Rock near Toboso. From the original Black Hand of Hicks, the 

 topmost foot or two are now^ separated by the writer as the Berne 

 member. 



The Black Hand member. — This member of the Toboso facies 

 is a massive, coarse quartz sandstone with abundant quartz 

 pebbles which are seldom over an inch in diameter and usually half 

 an inch or less. It is pure enough to be used for glass sand after 

 washing. The color is usually yellow or buff, sometimes reddish. 

 Fossils, worm trails excepted, have not been recorded. 



The structure of this member is of significance. The sand- 

 stones within 10 or 15 feet of its top lie horizontally or nearly so. 

 Below this the bedding of the remainder of the exposed portion, 

 55 or 60 feet, is inclined, in general, to the northward at angles of 

 from 5° to 15°, 10° being usual. On the western side of the area, 

 that is, near and to the southward of Hanover, the dips are slightly 

 northwest, the strikes ranging from due east and west to N. 80° E. 

 Farther east, and observed especially on the Licking River, the 

 dips swing to east of north, the strikes ranging from N. 80° W. to 

 N. 50° W. This difference in the dips on the east and west sides of 



