STRATIGRAPHY OF OHIO WAVERLY FORMATIONS 671 



member is entirely below drainage but the well-drillers invariably 

 report from 100 to 200 feet or even more of "shale" at the base of 

 the Cuyahoga. This appears to be largely the Lithopolis member, 

 but the records of drillers are usually difficult to interpret, and it 

 does not follow that the entire "shale" bed reported is LithopoHs. 

 The fact that it is reported as shale also need not be disconcerting, 

 as a series more than half made up of sandstone might be so reported. 

 Nor is the reported variation in thickness necessarily a fact; this in- 

 terval is never measured by the drillers and is almost always given 

 from memory. 



Prosser and Cumings have described the Lithopolis occurrences 

 in minute detail and also similar strata from the lower part of the 

 Cuyahoga in eastern Franklin and western Licking' counties. 

 Those of the two last locahties have not been examined by the 

 writer, but they appear to be of exactly the same type as those at 

 Lithopohs. They have separated off the lower 50 feet of the beds 

 here called Lithopolis and correlated them with the Buena Vista 

 member, or lower 50 feet of the Cuyahoga according to Orton. 

 Since there is no member in central or southern Ohio so limited 

 which is of any significance, stratigraphic or otherwise, the name 

 Buena Vista has been limited in the present work to the principal 

 quarry stone at Buena Vista in the Vanceburg facies from which 

 it was originally derived, and its stratigraphic equivalent cannot 

 as yet be detected and indeed is probably not recognizable in the 

 Hocking Valley conglomerate area. The stratigraphic horizon of 

 the Buena Vista member, as hereinafter defined, will fall in the 

 Hocking Valley facies at least as high as the middle of the Cuya- 

 hoga and possibly higher. 



The Fairfield member is a series of alternating sandstone and 

 shale beds which quite frequently show initial dips to the north- 

 ward of two to six degrees. The sandstones when typically devel- 

 oped are coarse, reddish yellow, brown, or bluish gray, sometimes 

 pebbly, and quite commonly are found in massive members 20-60 

 feet thick with intervening shaly members of similar thickness. 

 The shale strata, however, are themselves formed of thin inter- 

 bedded sandstones and shales, the former likely to be very coarse, 



' Am. GeoL, XXXIV (1904), 335-58. 



