678 JESSE E. HYDE 



bed is a marine conglomerate, as shown by the general occurrence 

 of marine fossils in it. Although the body of the Cuyahoga con- 

 glomerates is not to be considered as typically non-marine, it is 

 evident, from the lack of all fossils except trails, that it was a very 

 specialized type of marine deposit. The Berne member marks the 

 resumption of conditions under which marine life could exist. 

 (5) The faunas found in the Berne show much closer relationships 

 to those of the Byer member of the Logan than to those of the 

 Black Hand in its marginal transition phases. These faunas do 

 not, however, appear to indicate an essential difference in age. 

 The evidence goes to show that the Black Hand and Logan faunas 

 were contemporary and their distinctness is due to facial differences. 

 The fauna of the Berne member thus indicates the existence of 

 faunal conditions like those of the superjacent Logan rather than 

 those of the subjacent Black Hand. 



In concluding the consideration of the Hocking Valley region, 

 it remains to be said that the source of its material must have been 

 in the same direction as that of the Toboso province. The gentle 

 northeastward inclination of the sandstone beds of the Fairfield 

 member on the east side, their occasional westerly dips on the west 

 side, the bedding of the Black Hand sharply inclined to the east, 

 northeast, north, or west, when considered with the southeasterly 

 trend of the axis and the shale areas to the east and west, clearly 

 indicate that the source of the material was to the southeast. 



The material of the Cuyahoga sandstones in both the Hocking 

 Valley and the Toboso provinces is quite pure quartz sand and 

 pebbles. Close examination of the crushed rock from the Black 

 Hand shows some small amounts of feldspar and more abundant 

 kaolin, the latter clearly indicating the once greater percentage of 

 the former, but it appears that the material has been much worked 

 to bring it to its present degree of purity. It is true, however, that 

 the samples so examined were selected for their purity in connection 

 with work on glass sands. In the Fairfield member and less rarely 

 in the Black Hand, beds may occasionally be found in which the 

 kaolin is so abundant as to be readily detected in the field without 

 the aid of a lens. These beds must have been quite high in feld- 

 spar originally. 



