STRATIGRAPHY OF OHIO WAVERLY FORMATIONS 767 



Barrell regards as indicative of river- laid sands,^ and not indicative 

 of wave-laid or wave-current-laid sediments; but that they were 

 accumulated under subaquatic and probably submarine conditions is 

 indicated (i) by the rapid lateral passage of the members into marine 

 beds; (2) by the presence of oscillation wave ripples on an inclined 

 bedding-plane between sharply cross-bedded conglomeratic sand- 

 stones, in one case known over several acres and through a vertical 

 range of some 30 or 40 feet; (3) by the presence of worm trails 

 {Scalarituba) that are common in undoubtedly marine Waverly 

 sediments; and (4) by the occurrence of thin beds of soft clay 

 shale interbedded with the inclined sandstones and similarly 

 inclined. No mud cracks have been seen and there is none of that 

 evidence of oxidation seen in highly colored red beds, which may be 

 the result of, and commonly are held to suggest, subaerial accumu- 

 lation. To be sure, red sandstones occasionally appear, but they 

 are not confined to one bed so much as to a limited locality where a 

 considerable thickness of beds may be involved, and where, it 

 appears, some other local condition or source must be involved. 



The structures observed are very like those that would be 

 expected in bars or spits built into deeper water, such as Sandy 

 Hook, but perhaps with more cross-bedding; however, from the 

 geographic distribution of the conglomerate masses along the belt 

 of outcrop it is at present impossible to entertain this view. It does 

 not appear possible for two such bars as the Hocking Valley and 

 Toboso facies would imply to be built alongside of and parallel 

 to each other simultaneously; and the results obtained so far all 

 indicate that they were accumulated simultaneously. 



As has been pointed out, there is distinct lobation in the Hocking 

 Valley area; east of the Hocking River in southern Fairfield 

 County, and traversed by it in Hocking County, is a secondary 

 mass of conglomeratic sandstone that is immediately adjacent to 

 the main mass of the facies, and it appears very probable that under 

 cover of the Coal Measures to the southeastward the Toboso and 

 Hocking Valley masses may become contiguous in the same way 

 and prove to be only larger lobes of a yet greater development 

 of coarse material. If the interpretation is correct that these 



^Op. cit., pp. 430-32. 



