632 Haddon and Shackleton — A Revision of the British Actinice. 



SPHENOPUS, Steenstrup, 1856. 



Free solitary brachycnemic Zoanthese, with a single, very long raesogloeal 

 sphincter muscle. The body-wall is incrusted. Cell-islets are present in the 

 mesogloea. 



RECOGNIZED SPECIES. 



S. marsupialis, Steenstr., 1856. — Tranquebar, Pulo Faya, China Seas, Gray; 



(? Madras, H. & S.), [H. & S.]. 

 ^S*. marsupialis, var. biirsiformis, Gray, 1867. — Massachusetts Bay, N. America. 



(This requires confirmation.) 

 S. arenaceus, Hertw., 1882. — Cape York, [H.]. 

 *S'. pedunculatus, Hertw., 1888. — Philippine Islands, [E. & H.]. 



Sub-family. MACROCNEMiN.ffi. 



EPIZOANTHTJS, Gray, 1867. 



Macrocnemic Zoanthese, with a single mesogloeal sphincter muscle. The 

 body-wall is incrusted. The ectoderm is usually continuous, but may be discon- 

 tinuous ; cell-islets in the mesogloea. Dioecious polyps, connected by coenenchyme, 

 which may be band-like, incrusting, or greatly reduced, as in the free forms. 



RECOGNIZED SPECIES. 



E. incrustatus (Dub. & Kor.), 1847. — Norway, [H. & S.], = E. papillosus 

 (Johnst.), 1842. — W. coast of Britain, [H. & S.], = Sidisia 

 barleei, Gray, 1858 (free variety). — Shetlands, [H. & S.], 

 = E. americanus, Verr., 1864 (and free variety). — E. coast of 

 N. America, [H. & S.], = E. cancrisociiis of Hertw. (not of 

 Studer), 1888.— Nova Scotia, [E. & H.]. 



E. arenaceus (D. Ch.), 1836. — Mediterranean, fH. & S.]. 



E. couchii (Johnst.), 1838.— S. W. Britain, [H. & S.]. 



E. norvegicus (Kor. & Dan.), 1877. — Norway, [H. & S.]. 



