TH1 GARDI-JNERS' CHRONICLE. 



[F». 14, 



pr«f r distances, all the others 



I 



C «to gMsf time for the forester to eh 

 the fl» **t from * • •<*** hcresit the future 



crop I r from the earliest st»*ee of growth certain 

 plant* will take the let*!, I *r* distinguished by their 

 vigorous rrwwt Nfi*]** supply of branches, an* I one 

 l^iluiif i) el If can* be taken when thinning to select 



these ai 



away If ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ 



sjosWeot choice st the final thinning, which shoul m 



r nnti! the trees intended for the cw p are 1 

 mfsfftofonn their lofty, broad, and well hslanc-ed hea 

 Having thus secured a sufficient crop, it will rarely he 



a brand from any tree intern! I 

 stand ft timber ; hut should it he tots 1 so, by either 

 the too * rout* growth of a branch or the interference 

 of a rtral leader, will be best to subdu then by 



Shortening hack to a subordinate lateral shoot A wood 



managed as here described will become matured and 



to cut at a ranch earlier period than under the 

 management generally pursued. 



Ifl large ttates the cutt m m be §< periodically 



arrange* to sec -e t shelter and re effect to 



a; *e alsi y allowing* consi able distance t 



ot»*r ae 1 *reen tl m. This would apply to small 



esta . when by the same management the 



Went;. ty will e maintained throughout. 



Ifav ove endeavoured to point out the plan 



begun i the writer about 40 years since to renovate 

 and improve the woodlands under his care, and having, 

 be hope*, succeeded in showing thai his system 

 rMiooaJ, sintj , and based upon true j oeiples, he will 



* proceed with » ie diindsnee to make a few 



remarks oq Uus management the New 1 est, wit 

 which it** been acquit ted for a long period. 



The late Lord • iienl , ■*, it is belie v* I, was th^ 



to a mpi to grow the Oak under rhe shelter 



the Seol< h fir, and he began by planting Aeoms 



aineaget rhous in sh< th new enehiiuree, but this 



j roved a stow and sneer tain method, and was aban- 



d 1 by th* late Mr. Tunssr, the deputy-surveyor. 



m raised the Aeorus in seeci-bed«, and after planting 

 ***• sjj ii the nurseries for two or tliree yeass) 



repl.Mi ftsjl Mmsjb bessnesfl th« rows of Scotch Fir,* row 

 •f which waa cut to make room for them, sod which 

 •pee was gradually widenedt as they require! it ; this 

 they did vary otten, t*isg greatly encouraged by the 

 ' r. , and the writer remem with the] 



pleasure to this hour the treat he had in a long j 

 ride through these plantations, which were then in 

 full lux iHaaee ; at the same time it was seen and 

 reeaurked that a care ltd hind and an intelligent head 



would be i {u i red to enrry on this em. zing growth to 



cy. Mr. Turner did not lire many years after 



this, and, eons* itly, did not see he evils that were 



«m to paralyse the work so well begun, and these 



plantations ptevtuiNlv m.» taierlf dealt with 

 wate ill a i to withstand the (earful exposure thev were 

 now about to be subjected to. 



The cry of e< ha 1 now gone forth, and the 



forest woodland (never long fairly dealt by from beini 

 nlways subject to the d relation* of man and be* ) 

 began to he ta ! f as a source of wealth, and to make 



m verythina saleable was pressed into th market 



and h .cad of cutting the nurse Firs away gradually as 

 the Oaks required the room (still keeping up suffi at 

 shelter, a* stated above), whole plantations were divested 

 of their shelter, and in some instances the fences 

 allowed to be carried away long before the young Oaks 

 were guff ently furnished to withstand the ruthless 

 south-western gales or the inroads of the forest cattle. 

 The demand for railway fencing having begun about 

 this time helped on the devastation, and about r *r years 



IMATES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES.-: N'o. IV. 

 Nhk, Fi b. 0, I >5— During the last week the weather 

 here has regaine its customary temperature, tin, ugh 

 there has been an excess of rain and clouds. General 

 vegetation has ade c lerable progress, the Olive 

 ground* are becoming covered with verdure. In some 

 of them the wild Iris is making its appearance in great 

 numbers; Almond trees, both pink and white, of a 

 larger and more robust kind than those in England are 

 in blossom, and also Strawberries in several of the 

 gardens. The wild Anemone appeonina is also in flower, 

 and an entire ly white NarcJasns, rather small, both very 

 pretty. Swallows have htm continually observed on 

 the wiuj:, but owing to the great number of persons who 

 nhnot either for snort or orofit.and various descriptions 



Home Correspondence 



Grafted Rhododendrons. — Messrs. Standiah 

 Noble have addressed themselves to the defend 

 grafted Rhododendrons upon their real merits, 2* 

 they appear to bring to the discussion a real knowy? 

 of the subject, we may hope for some better data t2 

 we have hitherto had upon which to form our decis? 

 Their first proposition is that many years experiLw 

 enables them to assert confidently " that there a* 

 ipecies or variety which might not be advantages*!! 

 grafted, supposing that a suitable stock can be ioS» 

 Before I can assent to this proposition, I must seek* 

 request a definition of the word advantageously, *feu 

 is somewhat ambiguous. If their assertion be thatsV 



circumstatea 



of nets used, sinking and other birds are rather scarce. fl our i s h better for being grafted, I am compelled to2 



A fine-looking plant, which has been in bloom for some 

 time past, under Blight protection, is the Sparmannia, 

 which with its large green foliage and white flowers 



;ine object. Some Scarlet Geraniums are 



forms a stri 



from 8 to 10 feet high against the walls, and in shel- 

 tered situations they have escaped the late frost ; a 

 plant of the large Oak - leaf variety 10 feet high, 

 has also escaped. The upper {arts of the Plumbago 

 capensis, which attains al ut the same height, have 

 suffered, and also the Lemon and Orange trees 

 iu many places, as well as the Cineraria grandiflora, 

 whose leavis, very much resembling the 

 lehrina, until recently looked splendid. 

 Betes grow very luxuriantly here, completely over- 

 running the garden walls — some of the white ones are 

 in flower now. On the hills there are many bushy 

 plants of the Coromlla coronata, which have continued 

 flowering through the winter, and are now coming out 

 more fully in yellow bunches. 



On Monday last, the 5th inst., another earthquake 

 was felt here, but not nearly so severe as the former 

 *h k, which took place on the 29th December. 



At Brussels the temperature has been again very low. 

 On the l*t itiHt. the min. was 15°, max. i°; on the 2d 

 it was 29° belo zing ; it theu became gradually 



warmer, and on the h\\\ the min. was 37°, max. 41 Q . 

 At Lyons, on the 31st ult., it was 32° below freezing, 

 aud 20° below at Paris on the 29th. On the 3d inst. it 

 had risen considerably above freezing. 



Nk€ Temperature. 



issue witii uiem, anaaispute mis pome, it tne assertk 

 be that there are certain circumstances and cert*, 

 purposes, with reference to which the plants will * 

 benefited by grafting, I am prepared to admit tkst 

 statement. Their reasoning, however, on the sskus; 

 which consists in an induction instancing several spssa 

 or varieties which do flourish better when grafted to* 



self-grown, seems to point to the former propositka^ 

 the one which they wish to establish, and I am there 

 fore justified in supposing that the general inference i 

 the one which they wish their readers to drawfrss 



Gesneria . their remarks. The instances they allege are of t*. 



Banksian 



1*66. 



I ttbruary 1 ... 



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Mean 



kinds, 1st, that of native species benefited by grsftisi 

 viz,, certain Sikkim Rhododendrons. Now it happs* 

 that the species they cite, viz., R. Dalhousise and \ 

 Edgworthise, are plants of most exceptional nl 

 peculiar habits — epiphytal shrubs — natives of a clia* 

 of extrordinary humidity, which it is almost impoaskk 

 to imitate, and from the delicacy of their roots y«j 

 much more difficult to cultivate than epiphytal Orchidts. 

 They are epiphytal Ericaceae, and if Ericaceae in pots 

 liable to suffer from extremes of moisture and droojty 

 how much more epiphytal Ericacese. Our only resona 

 is to grow them in pots, where occasional excea 4 

 moisture and absence of air cannot fail to be injuria*; 

 if not fatal to them. They are, in fact, very difficult to 

 manage. The discovery therefore that they can be 

 transferred to other roots is a great boon to gardens^ 

 which I thankfully acknowledge. It is found list 

 a species, not fastidious as to soil or moistnw, 

 at its roots, will afford nourishment aud support to 

 which is most fastidious, and I have no doubt then 

 species do flourish better in cultivation when grafM 

 than on their own roots. Nay, I am prepared to adnt 

 that they may flourish better and form handsomer pins 

 when grafted than they can do on their own roots i 

 their native woods, for their nurses are much mon 

 robust than themselves. But another class are instorf 

 as improved by grafting ; viz., cross-bred seedliup; 

 and here I must beg leave to demur not to the facts M 

 to the inferences. No doubt the shoot of a seedHsj 

 transferred by grafting to a well-rooted plant nay 

 T . . . . . attain an earlier maturity than the seedling itself. It ■ 



f »«;, \ w r\ n ♦ ■ ' i I 1S a T tlCal t!me su PP lied with roots, and has not to make them. 



fi 1 ? T T^ W ,er ° f e rn? ke P fc durin «f I at <* in * vigour quickly, and maturity soon follows. M 



where it falls often 20° or 30 Q during severe weather '-- 



especially near the windows, after the fires go out and 

 before they are relit. The consequences of such 

 variat ns is seen in Camellias losing their buds, in the 



1 12r.M. 



10* P.M. 



— 



58 



52 



56 



52 



54 



47 



56 



40 



48 



42 



53 



41 



47 



46 



53 



45* 



E. ( 



COMMON THINGS. 



Plants in Dwelling Hoi s. 



leaves and young shoots of other plants withering or 

 shrivelling, and frequently in hard-wooded plants dying 

 altogether. Almost the only precaution possible is to 



during 



xiLtugut, was m uie Muii Oi liius lnuucmg eaiiy uj»»«*»v 



to his seedling fruit trees, and enabling himself to test 

 their merits at an early age. But the question of dilu- 

 tion and ultimate vigour is totally different, and Ik 

 very fact of early maturity would, I think, induce ll 

 persons conversant with the analogies of vegetable* 

 to decide against such plants. They are advantage**) 

 inasmuch as they enable the cultivator to ascertain tlr 

 value of his produce easily, and they may be adnfl- 



kept up, to positions at the greatest distance from he ! Z • * IvT- ea T y ' v 7 i 7 ^7«r 



windows. Camellias ar« „Lr*\ ^™JZ llT^ i tageous in enabling him to realise an early profit onB 



■nee a driving through tl 



locked at saeiag the desolation wmch had been made, | where they are subject to *reat r^ir^n^^^ 



endure several degrees ^of frost without injury. 



Management of Bulbs after Flowering. — Important 

 points in the art of cultivating bulbs well are putting 

 them to rest at the nrnnor t\n%** o«^i «™u:t- A i ..P. 



•xiu wnicn nounng, He believes, but replanting „ IM1 

 Larch u> some extern among the Oaks, and keeping up 

 the fence for some time, will retrieve. 



Fencing in the New Forest, now the deer are gone, is 



nil (if of ww'ed Larcb) outeide, woSTkrt «|5 it "fad I !" *® ^^ ^^ ° f air aU<1 - Water ' as wi » ^able 

 grown sufficwntljf to fence itself. Hut the mos' im- 

 portant subject for the weal of the forest remains to be 

 considered, viz., the enclosing of the present woods. 

 » ere these treated as large woods have been a 

 Since it was finally reclaimed fr a bein - common 

 forest may now be to a conoid able extent, and' ought ! in 

 to be for the good of the country and the timber here- „ 



and they may be advantageous to those who wish w 



*u,. m \ i ."-.rrw «■ »" ""« waier, as win enable 

 I them to bring their leaves to perfection, and elaborate 

 | the greatest amount of sap. The management of bulbs 

 .8, m general but imperfect ; and the importance of 

 attending to these points, viz., the perfecting the leaves 

 and the outline the bulbs into and k«„™„<. ?u„„ J T • ' 



irown therein), one mm would Mac wmucnas 



two, and .ven more, and the timber produced of infi- 

 nitely superior quality than heretofore. 



-2? 7*1 to ,?' * bont th ' 8 ' ' 8 to «* o 000 e *>cJo» as 



much of the old woods where there is timber fit to cut 



i^S^rftkT ^^ ftnd rece,,,1 - v CUt ' » far M 



»■■ n^ht of the (mun will B n«- .....j _i-._ .• 



et? 



a bouse bei 



likely 



ctnally of de»y«d, stagheaded, and other trees, not 



! and as often here- 



., eu upon isulbous-rooted plants associate almost 



ill with all others as succulents do ; and therefore 



whereyer a good collection is kept, they are worthy of 



ntirely devoted to their culture. When ine i 



yrr^^ k Lr!;L tb i^ e ^™ ° f ^ P r . \ ™* is *^ ^^z^^-z^- * « 



flower readily; they grow so luxuriantly 

 require some years to attain maturity ; but 



flowers, and who wish to have many varieties insniP 

 compass, but they cannot be advantageous in exhibitaj 

 the ultimate stature and natural growth of the plant » 

 those who admire it for its habit and colour of foli^ 

 and who are content to wait some years for its folli* 

 mature perfection, and to look forward to others enjaf 

 ing and admiring it after them. In their remarks BJ* 

 suitable stocks Messrs. S. and N. make one obserfdgj 

 which tends strongly to confirm my views :— a All*- 

 hybrids in cultivation grow well upon hybrid catawMJ 

 especially if the hybrids so grafted are strongly cro* 

 with catawbiense." That is to say that l» xuria jL 3! 

 growth is precisely in proportion to the hereditary afW 

 between the graft and the stock : if such be the« 

 the closer the affinity approaches to identity the g*** 

 the luxuriance. Now a further confirmation of ** 



^.^ are ke P fc d *Y> *« they do "wVenTh7y F arefln W - ZZSZrTJ^^ ™ TZLZ^i* « 

 Conservatory 



as timber 



■■I MM* inuler 

 that is tn. >•«. 



a masses, _ 



cleared and renlanted 



Urch, and in a few years it 



"be' founTm 1 \vL2f yeM8 p * st Sbou,d . 

 youn* ^wing Oak*, they aSSlSSl^ f™ 9 * ° f 

 without thinniog until Ui, bS. £ &£*? ?"""" 

 of the Lareh nurses, wifenuiv ■t^£*jf a V Ke 

 proper dances to bec«e tim W. ? & *lCt * J 

 tb-e -d . *. ^, ]a tk« f the ^roundlm tmle^ 



Borders.— Vurmg the winter months 

 .... ^ r . lulc m the atmosphere in a conservatory will 

 somet,mes occasion Mosses, &c, to vegetate, especially 



id^sr f r?i. of ^ mould haa had *»• to c 2 



and set ed, thereby giving the house an untidy appeal 

 ance This should now be remedied by stirriuTth,, 

 whole of the borders to the depth of 2 or 3 i„cn ea \ h 

 a small fork, and raking it ov* smoothlv ™?k W ' th 

 toothed rake. These 



whentW 



handles, 



smoothly with a close 



tools should h» f„^^:„u.j 





many 



the picturesque 



branches and flowers will escape beinir broken ntr „u- f 

 «tnot be well avoided when LkwaH toola " ' Ch 



we used. 



y on as they are raked 



b. n«lj .preid over the iiS^ST »UT r"" 1 

 «h .o give the who.. . mot e » s i,e ^ 



do flower nothing can equal their splendour. J 



waited patiently many years for the flowering of * 



of my own plants, but when once they began to DiwjjJ 



they had left me nothing to desire. I do not V* otes L 



enter on the subject of various stocks. I know ■£ 



many which I have s*een have been grafted on »• Pj£ 



ticum, the growth of the stocks affording unmista K^ 



evidence of this. I suggested R maximum arb ^ 



simply from its luxuriant growth. It is, however, ^ 



gularly shrub-like in its habit, and this may ** 



reason it proves unsuitable to arboreous species. ^ 



glad to find from Messrs. S. and N.'s ^ emBl ^^ 



attention has been paid to the stocks, and the ^jf^* 



ahle kinds ascertained and employed by them. ^ . ^ 



if I had only met with such plants I should bJ £Ltl* 





