HE GARDENERS 



CHRONICLE 



[March 



3 



*veth* nlU n g too heaven i«pt to U,aktU 



|l Tal of door, the th,w had only two dajs set in, and 



.IthauA the sou* had m**J ^PP*^ l,ll,e £"£ 

 t inErtain can at Jtt be said of the effect* on vegeta- 



tbe late severe weather. It m*y bo mentioned, 

 - that D*rberi» w\ alensis, tinctoria and other 



several 



ippear to be much injured, as are alao 

 can Piuua, exceot Lindhyana, wl 



i ol been hurt i the least. Kibes specioaum is apparently 

 tjurtd considerably, and so are plants of D»pbne 



tica and laureoia, A s all plant of Assam Tea has 

 h had a leaf or two browned. Rhododendrons 

 appear to be safe, and Laurustinus do not seem to be 

 hurl, nor even the young shoots of the common Bay. 

 In© Chasan Palm has unfortunately suffered in the 

 outer leaves, but the centre looks reen and healthy. 

 '1 * Pampas Grass is <|uits blanch*-, I, I ut whether or not 



s killed remains to be seen. In the kitchen garden 

 young Cabbages and Broccoli are grearly blanched, but 

 we think not killed, although it is reported the. are so 

 in some of the Bai I gai ens in the neighbourhood. 

 la a short time it will be bttter known what has been 

 killed and what has not When the thnmoineter has 

 been down to arr . as it has been here, and the frost a 

 foot deep in thegronn I, the effects on vegetation must 

 be expected to be great, and these it will be our but 

 ness to report next month. 





Calendar of Operatiocs. 



{For the enm y \otek.) 



I I. A NT DBP1 H T ME NT. 



C< tvA *Y, Ac — Su i of the twiners as w a 

 closely pruned in autumn will, under ihe influence of 



mny dajrs, soon be Starting into free growth, and it is 

 of the u it taportSB to get them as thoroughly 

 . le.ired vl inae« i as ean bs done while Ibsjaroina 



d uiaut state. The Boweriag plants should be removed 



to one end of the house, o as to allow of givi : the 

 twiners a sot l washing with theengin which will have 



c~on^deruble forethought, and winch an be buccesslully 

 managed only by careful observation and attention. 

 YiNKRiES— The unufcual amount nt fire- heat which the 

 lorn-continued severe weather 1ms rendered necessary 

 hits been anything but favourable to Vines fairly started 

 and this, combined with the absence of sunshine and 

 the difficulty of admitting fresh air, has had a tendency to 

 induce weak long-jointed wood und thin foliage and 

 where this has occurred the greatest care should be 

 exercised to get ti e wood and foliage strengthened. 

 Take advantage of every favourable opportunity to 

 admit fresh air as freely as can be done with safety, and 

 be satisfied with as low a temperature from fire heat as 

 may be considered safe under the state of the Vines, but 

 shut up early on sui ny days, allowing the glass to rise 

 considerably. This will to some extent economise fuel, 

 and will be much more congenial to the Vines than so 

 much fire-heat. Except where the Vines are in flower 

 keep the atmosphere moist, but the foliage should always 

 be allowed to become dry in course of the day. Look 

 carefully for red spider in the early houses, for the 

 amount of fire-heat which has lately been necessary will 

 have been very fav< urable to the increase of this pest, 

 and it will probably be making its appearance upon 

 Vines that have been at all liable to it formerly. Attend 

 carefully to the state of the borders, and where ferment- 

 ng materials are used do not allow the heat to decline 

 because the frost is gone, but aim at securing a steady 

 warmth of about 70°, at a foot below the surface. 

 Pkaches.— Where the trees are in bloom admit air 

 freely whenever the weather is mild, and keep the 

 atmosphere rather dry, maintaining a steady night tem- 

 perature of about 50°. Trees on which the fruit is 

 fairh St should be afforded a moist temperature, syrin- 

 ging them liberally in the afternoon to prevent red 

 spider, and kespi&g the border in a healthy state as to 

 moisture, &c, to stcure a vigorous root action. Cucum- 

 StBS«— These may now be kept at from 65° to 70° by 

 night, and 70° to*C(T by day, with a steady bottom-heat 

 of about 85 Q , which, combined with a thoroughly moist 

 atmosphere, will indues U B growth. Keep the shoots 

 thin nsar the glass, and attend to stopping, &c, as may 

 be necessary. Attend carefully to the early Melon 

 plants, and regulate the temperature according to the 



before the frost should be carefully exantiheaTlJ ^L 

 to ascertain what amount of injury they have l^SS 

 and fresh seed put in as may be necessary to inakatS 

 the lines. See to providing for a succession of tkfc Si 

 esteemed vegetable, and get those raised under A* 

 prepared for planting out by full exposure on mil'df? 

 Of course every advantage will be taken of favoJS 

 weather for nailing, &c, in order to get this work ds* 

 so as to have the hands at liberty for other work, 



STATE OF TEE WEATHER AT CHISW1CK, REAR lAtafe 

 For the veek ending March 1, 1855, aB observed at the Horticultural q«L 



Feb. and 

 March. 



Fridaj 23 

 Satur. U 

 Sunday 25 

 Mon.. 2; 

 Tuea. 27 

 Wed. 23 

 Thurs. 1 



2 



r 



s 



9 

 10 

 11 

 12 

 13 



Babomktkb. 



Average . 



Max. 



29.9^6 



30.007 

 29.35 4 



29.532 



29-311 



29.777 

 29.62b 



29.7-7 



Min. 



29.S53 

 29.391 



29.31* 



29.469 

 29.602 



29.P7 



29.327 



TlMrilATBHl. 



Oi the Air. 



Max.; Min. 



I 



:-7 



44 



49 

 40 



42 

 50 

 53 



29.556 j 45.0 



18 

 33 



37 



32 



37 

 29 



39 

 32.1 



Mean M 00t 





OFthe Earth 



5tSt( 



deep.; 



27.5 



38.5 

 43.0 

 36.0 

 39.5 



39.5 

 46.0 



deep. 



34 



34 



34 



34 



34 



34* 



35 



3fi 



37 

 37 



37 

 37 



i 



K.E. « 



N.W. « 



s.w 



S.W. a 



38.5 34.2 37.1 



Lt 



Icb. 



23— Uniformly overcast; anow, in broad flakes, to the depth of 

 inch; overcast. 



— 24— Overcast; thaw commenced; fine; heavy rain at night. 



— 25— Uniformly overcast ; rain at nij;bt. 



— 20— Rain; drizzly; overcast. 



— 27— Fosfry; drizzly; overcast. 



— 28— Fojegy ; drizzly ; cloudy ; halo round the moon; slight fcoit 

 March 1— Heavy rain; very fine. 



Mean temperature of the week 24; deg. below the ayerije. 



TtECORD OF THE WEATHER AT CH1SW1CK, 

 During the last 29 years, for the ensuing week, ending March 10,1 ^ 



Maxell. 



Sunday 4 



M on. 5 



Tues. f. 



V\ ed. 7 



Thurs. 8 



Friday 9 



Satur. 10 



9 *■ 



5i* 



49.1 



48.U 



47.9 

 49.2 



49.3 



50.9 

 50.8 



ggs 



32.1 

 3i.l 

 32.3 

 32.8 

 33.0 

 32.7 

 32.4 





40.6 

 39.6 

 40.1 



41.1 

 41.4 



41.3 

 41.6 



No. 0/ 

 Years in 

 which it 

 Rained. 



10 



9 



10 



11 



10 



8 



12 



Greatest 

 Quantity 

 of Rain. 



Prevailing Wfcfc 



0.48 in. 



0.40 



0.26 



0.11 



0.17 



0.47 



0.69 



3 



■ 



z 



8 

 6 



1 



3 ., 

 6 3 



5 





1 

 3 



a 

 1 



2 

 3 



4 

 4 



3 : 



} ! 

 1 * ■ 



thiHa 



the de* _ , , 7 4 _ 



in cl* in m the rUhs, &c- Hut such things as Acacias state of the plants and the amount of sunshine, taking 

 nn<! Jasmine? affected with white scale, to which tiny 

 •r* very liable, will be but little 5 I hy this 



operation, for these are more difficult to eradicate when 

 lowed to get fairly established than red spider, 



and we know no other way of destroying these 

 j sts, than Ij taking thcin in time, and painting the 

 aliened p H with >a mixture similar to that nconi- 

 nieu 1 a lew we I ago for fruit trees. This, like all 

 other bisects, i* part • troublesome oidy when th 



plants liable to 4 attacks are grown undt t cire um.-tances 

 uufaYOuralle to its habits, and in this case the 

 alfectcd p!ants si ilW be taken up and replaced with 

 v fliers of a I re suitable character for the position, 

 fur it is nearly Imp ble to p plants eleao s unless 

 they can be kept in vigorous health. Take every 

 opportunity of admitting fresh air ; but after the con- 

 finement to which the plants have necessarily been 

 subjected, cold ODTtntS will be dangerous and 

 should be avoided. Be 



• 



Plants of Diplndenias, Kehites, and other 

 tw rs in active growth will require frequent attention 

 :u order to properly direct their growth and prevent the 

 shoots etting entangled. Get sucli things iDto the pots 

 in which they are to bloom as soon as this can be done 

 with due regard to the state of the roots, so as to allow 

 of the shoots btin ; properly trained to the trellises 

 before there is risk of tin ir being broken in the operation. 

 Look sharply after insects of all kinds, particularly mealy 

 bug, which will be emerging from its winter quarters, 



care not to get the Vi:es weak and long -join ted through 

 a high close temperature, for a fair crop of fruit need 

 hardly be expected unlets the Vines are kept strong and 

 fehort-jointed. Do not omit putting in seeds of the 

 favourite summer kinds. 



FLOWEB GABDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



In the present state of the ground I ut little can be 

 profitably done in these departments; it may be reason- 

 ably hoped, however, that the ground will be in a fit 

 state for work of all kinds before this appears ; mean- 

 tin e walks and lawns will require frequent rollings, to 

 properly consolidate them after the frost, and this 

 should he attended to at once, for if dry weather should 

 set in the roller will be less effective than now, and the 

 walks and lawns will not be easily put into proper 

 spring order. Whet* any alteratioi s are in hand, these 

 will of course demand attention as soon as ever the frost 

 is out of the ground, and the removal of shrubs or 

 her low planting, where such has l(en unfortunately delayed 

 use only sufficient fire-heat thus far, should be finished v ith the leabt possible delay ; 



damp *' n tha «.lir»r\cr\h«vi»o j *• -i u l- i_.i.:- — i 4 : ix__ 



it at present 



UD 



Pi.VEXtlES, 



-care 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



The Urge use of fire-heat which has been 

 for ace Merabletiroe,wili,exc*pt where great 



and no unnecessary time should be lo^t in getting altera- 

 tions involving the relaying or putting down of fresh 

 turf completed, for it is a great saving of after labour 

 arid attention to get this kind of work finished before 

 the drying March winds set in. If not previously doue, 

 get Pillar Roses pruned and tied ; and where wood 

 stakes are used examine these carefully, and renew such 

 as are not likely to last the season, for they are trouble- 

 some to replace after the plants begin to ramble about. 

 It is an excellent practice on most soils to give these a 

 liberal dressing of manure water in a very strong state 

 in the winter ; or, where it can be obtained, night soil 

 mixed with water, so as to reduce it to the consistence 

 of thick paint. The surface Boil should be removed for 

 about two feet from the stem of the plant, placing it so 

 as to form a basin, and the under soil stirred as deeply as 

 can be done without injuring the roots, giving from four 



The highest temperature during: the above period occurred or 

 lS2l)-tlienn. 08 deg. ; and tne lowest on the 10th, 1S47 — therm. 7 deg. 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Bell Glasses : Milo. They may be had of any large glig 



dealer.^ 

 Books: FUG. Endlicher's "Synopsis Coniferarum" is tLefce 

 modem work on Conifers, but it is quite technical and about* 

 in errors or omissions. The most accurate list is that publiaW 

 in the Journal of the Horticultural Society, Vol. V.,j 

 A good work is much wanted; but there is no chance of ia 

 being undertaken until a sui'ticient fund is subscribed to wr 

 author and publisher against loss.— A N. There is a Ftofl 

 Melitensis ; but it can only be procured in Malta, even if there. 



There is no other. 



Crkkets: Manchester. The best trap for crickets is thcktnu 

 in soup plates, preserving jars, or wide-mouthed bottles, plidj 

 in each just sufficient to cover the bottom. They should JJ 

 plunged to the rim in the ordinary plunging rraterijl of til 

 house, in order that tbe crickets may experience no difficnl 

 in entering, though if soup plates are used they will jumpa 

 freely. When the surface of the treacle is covered they a* 

 be emptied into hot water, and the traps baited again.* 



Dioscorea japonica: Buyers of this are recommended to fi» 

 care what is sold them before they pay. "We have seen lately 

 what are called plants, for which the -mere postage would » 

 too great a price. They ought to be tuber?, and # 

 smaller than a sparrow's egg. „. 



Guano: P Y. The purity of guano can only be ascertained vm 

 certainty by means of chemical analysis. If, however, j 

 with it the bowl of a clay pipe and put it into a fierce tire, b 

 there is any red colour communicated to the clay you may j 

 certain that the sample is adulterated. Cover such a Daw ww 

 Ivy, the larger Tutsan, Privet, Holly-leaved Berternes, fc t* 

 bushes, and plant among them any coarse herbaceous puna 



Laburnums: An Old Sub. We presume you have before yoir ip 

 is called Cytisus Adann, a curious production, swneujj 

 putting out branches of the common Laburnum, Bon^e* 

 C. purpvreus, sometimes of a plant intermediate te ^° 

 two. The exact cause of the appearances has ^S 

 satisfactorily explained ; hut they are probably °wwg »»d 

 of the common Laburnum having been budded witn ^MJ 

 Cytisus, which having failed to develope its own r>ua,««*« 

 the stock on which it was worked. rolnrfrJf 



Names of Plants : We have been so often obliged to ^'^J 

 decline naming heaps of dried or other plants, tnat * ' ^ 

 to request our correspondents to recollect that we n ^ 

 or could have undertaken an unlimited duty oi » _^ 

 Young gardeners, to whom these remarks more especia 

 should bear in mind that, before applying to us loi . * ' ^ 



. they should exhaust their other means of gaining . iu ^ 

 We cannot save them the trouble of examining an ^ 

 for themselves ; nor would it be desirable if ^ couiu. ^ ^ 

 can do is to help them-and that most willnigjy. -*■ 





maintained t 



care ilod 



v*rv moderate uieoi the fires even 



be exercised to keep the* atmosphere 



saturate" j with n sture until the fruit begins to change 



r, giving manure water to tie a >il as oft* n at it B ay 



be wanted, letting the temperatun range between 80° 



and 1H)° with the assistance of eun-heat ; also see that 



e bo m-heat does not fall below 85°, nor rise above 



90". Young plants growing in the open bed that have 



been some time planted will be benefited by having the 



soil loosened up as deeply as can be done without 



njuring the loots, giving it a liberal soaking of 

 tepid water if it is found to be too dry. The water 

 *houi 1 be applied by means of a rose-pot, and not so 

 last as to flood the surface, for if this is done the soil 

 will be rendered almost as close as before forking up ; 

 indeed, careless i watering it the great cause of the sur- 

 face of the soil becoming close and hard, and should be 

 carefully avoided. Endeavour It afford these a nice 

 regular bottom heat, with a thorou -hi v moist atmosphere, 



ml ikeep them growing as freely as nay be consistent 

 v i h keepin- theni dwarf and stocky. H ave a constant eve 

 to maintaining a succession of fruit, et securing a supply 

 at the season when it may be most wanted, and J e t the 

 treatment of the plants be regulated in time by your 

 circumstances j far this is a matter which demand. 





efficient in inducing a vigorous growth, and in the case of 

 the autumn blooming kinds securing a fine display of 

 late flowers, than all the manure that could be applied. 

 Push forward the work of propagation with the least 

 possible delay, and endeavour to keep the young stock 

 strong and stocky. 



HARDY FRUIT ano KITCHEN GARDEN. 



There will be no want of work whenever the state of 

 the ground will admit of its being done. A small sowing 

 of Radishes, to succeed those in frames, should be made 

 on a warm dry border ; also Early Horn Carrots, Tur- 

 nips, and a moderate breadth of Parsley should be got in 

 where there is any danger of a scarcity of this much 

 used plant- Where the Lettuce and Cauliflower plants 

 have been injured by the late frost, there will of course 

 be a supply coming on under glass. These and the 

 early Celery are best raised on a slight hot-bed, where 

 they can be kept close to the glass and afforded plenty 

 of air; tut where this convenience cannot be commanded 

 they may be raised in pans or boxes in the forcing' 

 htusis, taking every possible care to keep them stockv 

 and carefully inuring them to exposure to the open air 

 before planting out. Onions and Parsnips may also be 

 sown at once, where the ground is clear oi frost and in 

 a fit state for working,' but until this is the case all seeds 



will be better in their papers. Peas that were sown 



can do is to help tliem-and that most wii«»s«j' . m 

 requested that, in future, net more than four pw» of 

 sent us at one time.— ZWfon. A very had specif e 

 Crassula, probably Cr. lactea.— Rusticus. W e ao no* ^^ j, 

 Orange Boxes: W H. Orange trees or other pianw • o ^ 

 boxes coated over inside with Stockholm tar, are ^ 



thertby.f «. A u gucb Mter 



Pobtulacas : Euxton. They require an open sou, , * of ^ 



sandy loam, moderately enriched with lea t ™ u / ' be3 M 

 light manure. They do best in pans about ioi y , half (J 

 well drained, or if pots are used, they should ce nil ^ 

 of potsherds. The damping off has been causea mu ^ ^ 

 by the plants growing tco thickly together, ana u« 



too rich t . .. „. a AM.ev'Bj** 



Roses : A Lady. The following selection of three ao ^^ 



Perpetuals may possibly suit your purpose. *r \\afr 

 d'Arc, Madame Aimee. Marquis of JJoccella. ^ u £ is , irf 

 Mrs. Rivers, Madame de Manoel, Mere de oi u ^ j^; 

 Steward, and Blanche de Beaulieu. I ink au " * | u tber!i» 

 Caroline de Sansal, Augusts Mic, D* J ^or 

 Madame Aline Gibbon, Louis Peyronny, Madame # _ Aogltf £t 

 Reine des Fleurs, and Duchesse d'Orleans. *"**' ^^m 

 Mouchelet, Baron Prevost, William Jesse, i^r. * Veitc li f J 

 Laffay, Coratesse Duchatel, Louis Odier, J^', B*r»Bg 

 Jacques Lafitte. Crimson :-Geant des ^"^oinif? 

 Robin Hood, Comte d'Egmont, Louis Buonapane, ^ 

 Paris, President Pierce, Apollo, Baronne lianc , 



STKPH ANOTIS FLORIBUNDA I TV N. The fruit ©f tl». P 



greenish Apricot coloured and poisonous.+ ft 6^°^ 



Misc.: Sub. We doubt whether Lapageria rose* t tbe^ 



free-blooming plant to be really ^^"^gpoken of b T?J 



ditions you mention 

 See our vol. for last 



sun wouiu sun it newer u»»u mo ««v^ — 



partia will not flourish in the temperature 



■pcS*. 



1 



of 40 ( 



partia will not flourish in the temper»»»- g _ t$ 

 Pieroma elegans will do so; Dipteracantn ur 

 not, 1^0 B. 2*. 6d. first four lines, 6U » iine ** 



i& 



a 



