i; 



THE GARDENERS* CHRONICLE. 



and the Quttn'a Utrii.ht, 1*0 wtach iW not m 



HMna eultiyatioa The former b * Ttry hfgt vmrietj 



* apted for kitchen use, and ketps in good condition 

 tilt April. It pcs*s*s a tender flesh, with a dehcate 

 and pleasant acid* . and has an agreeable perfume. 

 The klter is a small deseerfc Apple of very excellent 

 quality, the trees of which are in the last stage of decay; 

 hut Dr. Daviee intimated that he would furnish the 

 Socie: with grafts to be distributed among its members. 

 Tue same gentl ian aho placed grai ts of three varic- 

 es of seediing Plums, which he stated to possess supe- 

 rior merits, at the disposal of the Society. The Secre- 

 tary report -1 upon specimens of the Melon Apple which 

 were exhibited by Mr. Riven at a former meeting. 

 hl» variety has a very high reputation in America, 

 and Mr. Riven has succeeded m fruiting it in this 

 country. The special ns so produced were found to be 

 of large size and handsome ; the fieah tender, crisp, 

 ju y, and vinous, with ail the delicacy and perfume ot 

 the imported fruit of the Newtown Pippin. From Mr. 

 Smith, of IIerefor»L-liire, came a large assortment of 

 Apples from the orchards of that county ; and from G. 

 S. Winth', Esq., was & collect d illustrative of the 

 pomology ol 'uceetershire. Among them we observed 

 the Carrasray Kusset in good condition, and a seedling 

 dessert variety raised by Mr. JIoll ert, of Gloucester. 

 Mr Lain I iirrkhamstead, exhibited fruits of the New 



Hawthomden, which were perfectly sound even at this 

 late season, and possessed all the merits of its parent. 

 *re were also other ape mens of Apples and Pears 

 from the same nurseryman. Mr. Bunjard, of Maid- 

 stone, contributed > unples of Tears grown in that 

 Btigl a h'jod. Seven new members were elected. 



i otitis ot JBooh0. 



Bkmtnt of G dry and Mens ith easy L\ivv- 



ctscs, deoifpicd j Schools I A dt C hisses. Part 

 11 Geometry as an Art. By Thomas Lund, 13.D. 

 Longmans, 1 2mo., 2s. 

 The favourable opinion expressed by us of the first part 

 ^>f this little work deserves to be extended to the second. 

 Mr. Ltmd has endeavoured to bring practical geometry 

 to th' notice of those whose attention is usually confined* 



to Euclid, and to add the s-hiitific principles of 

 gconn . to the knowledge of persons who are usually 

 only aught how to apply rules deduced from and 

 depto >)g on them. In this the author appears to us 

 have been eminently Mucessful. Ilis work will be 

 end especially useful to younLc xnen who, feeling a 

 want of knowledge on these subjects, have to supply 

 that want by their own exertions. 



Mensura m mad* easy, or the Decimal .v,,,/, for the 

 Mil with its A j n t'> th* \y employments 



of the Artizan and Mtch c. By ( tries lloare. 

 3d thousand. Effingham Wilson. J2mo Is 

 cloth, U 6d. 



This is a book of rules without the reasons for them, 

 and therefore not one calculated to Improve the minds 

 of those for whom it U intended. At the same time, as 

 * book of rules, the work will suit those who, eo Ion* as 

 titev can do a thimr_ mpa i;hu *^ ],.,«.., *i, - ~.j •?■ 



; or in 



can do a thing, care little to know the 

 upon which they proceed. 



principles 



Garden Memoranda. 



Missus. Cha.ndl s 



are kept properly moist, giving tepid manure water as 

 may be necessary to effect this, and do not be afraid of 

 giving too much of this to Vines in pots. Be as sparing 

 of fuel as the state of the weather will admit, and hus- 

 band the suifa influences by shutting up early on the 

 afternoons of bright days ; for depend upon it there is 

 no heat so congenial to vegetation as that derived 

 from the sun. Where plants are grown under 

 Vines keep'a sharp eye upon these for thrips and 

 spare no pains to keep them clear of this pest, which if 

 once allowed to set upon the Vines will spread with 

 amazing rapidity and soon ruin the foliage. This is 

 not only the most destructive insect with which we have 

 to contend, but it is aleo the most difficult to extirpate, 

 and should, therefore, be kept under by every possible 

 means. Frost is the only effectual means of eradicating 

 it, hut tobacco smoke and a liberal use of the engine 

 will keep it in check and prevent its being injurious. 

 Azaleas are exceedingly subject to it, and many of the 

 varieties can hardly be kept clear of this pest while 

 growing in heat, and if these must be grown in Vineries 

 they must be carefully watched and smoked, or syringed 

 with the mixture recommended in a previous calendar 

 for the destruction of this pest immediately it is per- 

 ceived, for if it is ever allowed to get established upon 

 the Vines the chances are that it will greatly injure the 

 foliage before it can be eradicated. 



FLOWER GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



Sweep and thoroughly clean lawns, and roll them with 

 a heavy roller as often as may be necessary, to render 

 the turf even and firm. This is sometimes, through the 

 pressure of other jobs, put off until dry weather sets in, 



Nursery, Vauxhall.— The 

 extensive collection of Camellias, for which this nursery 



~ " - — * r hlUQ *> as wsneaeoora, Blon . whereas, if done at once, while the turf is in a soft 



spongy state, it will be greatly consolidated and improved 

 for the season. If any alterations or planting still re- 



Chandlen, Woodsi, iinbrieata, elegans, &c, are abund- 

 ant and fine, and the old Double Whites have flowered 

 well here tins year, few of the buds having dropped. 

 VI tarnation-striped varieties Albertus is still one of 



lite best, the next being perhaps Col villi striata, and the 

 •emi-double sort called tricolor is also very pretty 

 Among newer kinds may be mentioned Marchioness of 

 fcxeter, a hne rose, not i ry double, but never showing 

 4he eye ; Heine des Fleurs, a beautiful imbricated red • 

 Duchess of Northumberland, white, flaked with pink 

 . and i very handsome ; auuricana, a small, delicate pink 

 **th a good round petal ; elata, a small but compact 

 me; Teutoma, a medium-sized rose. 'and very 

 constant; and Henri Favre, a small but finely shaped 

 red kind. We may add that, in addition to the treat 

 Jht Camellias afford, the •how-houae is at present gay 

 wuh Hyacinths, Narcissi, purple-striped and other 



iS^F? u alea *' LpaCr 8es > Ci *erarias, Cyclamens, and thev i 



Svf ,rUb3 \ a T^ * hicli "« remarked}^ pretty ou l 

 wm^blossomed slender Deutzia (D. gracilis). Thil gU 



!:?? steely say, is a most valuable plant lor forcing 



carmine 



main to be done, every available hand should Le con- 

 centrated on this work, so as to get it completed as 

 quickly as possible. Planting, unless done soon, will be 

 almost sure to require much attention in watering, and 

 this during the very busiest season of the year, especially 

 in the case of large shrubs or trees, and it is much too 

 common a practice to put off such work until too late in 

 the season. Look over the beds planted with bulbs, and 

 where necessary stir the surface soil, so as to keep it open 

 and triable, and also to give it a fresh, neat appearance 

 U the stock of bedding plants is still deficient get in cut- 

 tings in the most favourable position, and with the least 

 possible loss of time. See to the propagation of Dahlias 

 and Hollyhocks ; the latter are now, thanks to the well 

 directed labours of the florists, so greatly improved, that 

 thev much surpass the Dahlia for many situations, and 



to be extensively planted in every garden. 



for autumn decoration. Young plants of Allumandas, ? 

 if encouraged^ with bottom-heat, etc., and stopped ' 

 occasionally will form nice little bushes in course 

 of the summer, and cuttings of Clerodendrons 

 may be rooted, and made to form nice little flowering 

 plants in a few months, and Torenias, Vincas, and 

 many other soft-wooded stove ^ plants, if kindly 

 treated, soon form useful-sized specimens. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



Pineries.— Attend carefully to the bottom heat, 

 particularly where this is produced by fermenting mate- 

 rials, as tan, &c, and see that it is rot allowed to rise too 

 high, which it is exceedingly apt to do after fresh mate- 

 rials have been added, either during bright weather, or 

 where there are pipes under the bed, where much fire 

 heat is used. It requires some practice and attention to 

 be able to keep the soil in a proper state as regards 

 moisture, but this must be effected at any expense of 

 attention if success is to be insured. Maintain a 

 thoroughly moist atmosphere, but do not push young 

 stock too fast until we may be favoured with more sun- 

 shine, when if all is right at the roots there will be no 

 danger of drawing the plants, as would be the case in 

 the present cloudy state of the weather. Avoid 

 allowing water to lodge in the hearts of plants showing 

 fruit, and spare the flowers of those in bloom with the 

 syringe. Pot off or plant out suckers as they can be 

 obtained sufficiently strong, and attend to keeping up a 

 regular succession of plants, which is the surest way of 



providing for a succession of fruit. Vineries. — See 

 that the houses in which the Vines are not yet started 

 are properly cleaned, the Vines painted with the usual 

 composition of soft soap, sulphur, &c, and everything 

 put into proper working order ; also get the rods bent in 

 time to induce the buds to push regularly. Attend to 

 disbudding and stopping, &c, as may be necessary in 

 the succession houses, and see that the inside borders 



INARCH 1 



STATE OF THE WEATHER AT CHISW^T^ 

 For the week ending March 15, 1855. aiobserved at ; £ £*** «**!* 



T.— 



March. 



Friday 9 



Satur. 10 



Sunday 1 1 



Mon.. 12 



Tues. 13 



Wed. 1 \ 



Thurs. 15 



Average 



£3 * 



3 



Baaomhtkb, 



20 

 21 



23 

 24 

 23 

 26 



M 



30.063 

 29.838 

 29/73 

 29.018 



29.634 

 29.793 



Min. 



29.894 

 29.754 

 29.374 



28.886 

 29.206 

 29.594 



29.522 



29.648 29.461 



Olthe 



March 9-FroBty; snow-flakes occasionally; o? traM 



— 10— Snow an inch deep; snowinz- sharn £,S . 



~ itSS in *? n * ht »«* tw g o'incK deep "J3&- 

 12-Cloudy ; ram ; overcast at nieht. P ' oud *i 



— 13 -r ine throughout ; overcast 



— 14- Fine ; cloudy ; slight rain ; overcast. 



— lo— tine ; cloudy ; rain at night 



Mean temperature of the * eek 6 deg. below the aT,r.« 



RECORD OF THE WEATHER AT PHiQwIn?* 

 During the last 29 year*, for the Jg^^jj* , ^ 



Pre?tilhi|Wfc£ 



Sunday 18 

 Mon. 19 

 Tues. 20 

 Wed. 21 

 Thurs. 22 

 Friday 33 



Satur. V4 



No. of 



Years in 

 which it 

 Rained. 



6 

 8 



11 

 13 

 14 

 14 

 1A 



Greatest 

 Quantity 

 of Rain. 



0.19 in7 

 0.S3 

 0.2G 

 0.21 



0.44 • 



0.60 



0.11 



*■ 



3 

 I 

 i 



I 



I 



IS 



< 



,. : 



- 1 



4 1 



1U i 

 3 ! < 



J- { 



M 



The highest temperature during the above period occurred at tw ^ 

 and 20th, 18o6-therm. 69 deg. ; and the lowest on the ^ Si - * 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Diseases W M. Had your plants been exposed, we should Wn 

 said that they were frost-bitten, for it is f'r. nm-ntl? tinTJ 

 only of evergreen leaves that are affected. But your MttJtk 

 not consistent with such a notion. Neither is the fruit, nfc 

 appears, in the soil. Many;similar affections arise froii 

 deficiency of ventilation, or from the miasma of 

 matter for whicli there is no sufficient outlet. Are too iw 

 that there is no latent evil of this sort. The vital potmtf 

 your plants are evidently too low, and perhaps the judkfav 

 application of some stimulant might remedy the mischief, ■» 

 vided the ventilation be perfect. M. J. B. 



Footmarks in Snow: M. Prof. Owen has distinctly shorn Hi 

 the mysterious tracks seen in Devonshire are merely those rf 

 the plantigrade hind-foot of a badger; having the live ifct 

 claws in front, and the rounded heel behind, which latter fcj» 

 been mistaken for a hoof! and the tracks consequently hit, 

 in most instances, been traced backwards, which bothers tia 

 observer. The badger climbs well, both walls aud shedi: hi 

 is a harmless nocturnal beast, very active, and hiving i 

 great range of prowl when roused by unusually long frac 

 out of his winter repose. You may have badgers in jw 

 vicinity a long time before you are aware of them, until th* 

 nocturnal rambles are made manifest on snow. The long ui 

 large hind-foot, in walking, usually obliterates the impreaa 

 of the corresponding fore-foot, and so leaves a track k 4 

 some mysterious hoofed biped. Its tail is too short to nail 

 a track, as an otter's would. A question of this nature hinfif 

 comes within the subjects of this journal; but we answer^ 

 question for the sake of showing you that there is no neceirfty 

 to have recourse to the unknown in explaining appetrwii 

 which scientific observers like our eminent compinttn 

 anatomist have no difficulty in referring to simple natural cuhl 



Goeoonias : W. Smitkson. These are corticiferous I^yP^™* 

 tore animals, not plants, and we have nothing to do wi;htl«. 



Grass Seeds: J M Caledonia. It is very difficult to Bay. wi 

 advise you to state your case to Messrs. Law son and IM 

 Edinburgh, and to take their advice. You cannot have NH 

 Transplant your evergreens in September, not in April or my 



other time in the spring. 

 Late Correspondents : R S G. We are sorry to disappwntjj 



but it is out of our power to answer inquiries which co* 



reach us till we are about to go to press. 

 Monstrosities : J J M. Very much obliged ; but such amm 



by no means uncommon. You will find a similar mal/ormiM 



figured at p. 669 of our volume for 1848. 



We do not know *:? 



wrote the treatise you speak of. , ^ 



Mulberry : E B S. The fruit of the Mulberry ^ then^ 



inflorescence ; that of the Strawberry ^an *gg 

 ned pistil of a single flower. The other part or j* 



state of an 



is the ripened p*o*** — - — o . . « 



question is unintelligible. What are fructureb . 

 Names of Plants : We have been so often obligei to reliw 

 decline naming heaps of dried or other plants, that we 

 to request our correspondents to recollec :that ' we w ^ 

 or could have undertaken an unlimited duty ' °« ^ 

 Young gardeners, to whom these remarks ^^^SSk 

 should bear in mind that, before applying j° " b f brnllte 

 they should exhaust their other means ot gainui . ' ^ 

 We cannot save them the trouble ot exa ^^g ana ^ 

 for themselves ; nor would it be desirable if we com . & ^ 

 can do is to help them- and that m ™*J l }™ 6 faumi* 

 requested that, in future, not more than foui [f*» m » 

 sent us at one time.-TF S. Helleborus . r 'f^JU* 

 colour.- Constant Header. Oncidium maculat m . ^ 



gyne ocellata and C. micrantha.--f A- ^ " P ha comPdi 

 very pretty.-^ B K L. Your Col is ^'^eiomor pi ^ ^ 

 but the question is not horticultural, nor does it 



(Economy. m , . th0 u Botanical W* 



Pentstemon: A II. P. Cobaea is figured in ^ tj ^ rftfft 



zine," t. 3465. We do not know what taictw ^ q( ^ 

 C. violacea is a greenhouse under-shruD, ^ ^ & m 



live out of doors in summer. Plants irom 

 hardy unless they are annuals. , nlacetW*' 1 ! 



,J II 11. Graft them now and pW ^ 



SrSllK^? 1 : 8aUle ******* « Kalmia glauc? 

 . rF+ of that sou. Here and elsewhere out-door 



ter h»nh« * rMy frora the «ev«nty of 



Skt nnH eXact extent of the injury committed 



HARDY FRUIT and KITCHEN GARDEN. 



plauta have miff*^ . i .7 * I1U eJsewnere outdoor -."« ffC ^ r ) ^aunnowera and Lettuces that have be 

 the whir w^ d C ° Ualderabl >* from the se ™% of wintered under glaas may be planted out Veleilin! 

 ;,!. W ; er '^ Ut be ***<* extent of the iniurv commits sheltered deep rich t,iece nf JJ i^ h . cl,D « 



Now that we are being favoured with comparatively 

 mild weather, Cauliflowers and Lettuces that have been 



close frame, and if on a gentle bottom-heat so .,. , 



Ruhl-sArcticus: AH. This will fruit, ««J \\ t tail 

 bed; as to K. Cliamsemorus we never sa» h ^\j 



nf th* un^nm if «unta can be naa u w« t 



***** 



th 



of the kingdom. If plants can 



J* at present unkuown. 



Cal %i" of Operations. 



\ror (ti t tntuvtij neck.) 



l'LAKT DEPAUTMKNT 



COMSERVATOET, &c. 



tsininir whether or 



««„♦• • d ^ P ^' Ch Pie< l e 0f S round - It is a very good 

 practice m plant.ng-oat things that are at all tender at this 

 uncer^u season to throw up the ground in good st ^ 



ot the udge. The plants are thus sheltered from the 

 norh Wllld8 and ful]y expo&etl to wm fte 



that have been raised under gla 9s , if properlv wn ^ 



Edinburgh. . , c „ „- tntr \ n z the bra*r 



Stunted Tiikes: W II II. The period for ^ringi s .& ft 



these, in the way described by Mr. Billmgton 



presume, when the bark will run. + ^ ht . M* 



Susquehanna root : J B D. You are 4 l t0 ^11 fBW 



affair is an ingenious and successful fccuei^ 



can only hope does no harm. , mouth in tJ X5Z 



ransplanting Roseb : C B N P. The .best mon^ of ^ 

 for moving them is the present ; but tnei* ^ autuntf- 



operation is as soon as thVleayeshaye^ fallen in ^Vbi5^ 





-No ti,e 8houl , bc lost iu _ r , I [j;: rt'^otat ^^?^*Sf«~ 

 -» there , a sufficient q «antit y of ver, good practice to shell" S^Z^ tlV'aher 



of the conservatory planting out, by placing some branches of We Pit n- 

 « *■ b attended to any other suitable evergreen along the hne 9 Xa S o bLk 



ewind,&c. Take advantage of dry days to stit ih» 



•hi table plants for the decoration 

 during the summer aud autumn. 



at once very much may yet be dene toward* Zl l ° th 

 »r any deficiencies which may be diS^ t 



lint t:At inn. U**> »* ^-..,i _ y, iT V* 15,CO \ erea f fOr it Ig 8U 



appearance. 



WHITE-FRUITED 15LACKBEKK* . ^ ■*-- ' . z.t W W^ ", * 



of Kubus fruticosus ; and it may sti J * hW to ^ 

 place. It is a mere curiosity, ana_ nas Euro p€im ^ 

 Needham's white, wliich is an Amcncan u ticU itr j**^ 

 Misc: ABC. Fritillary roots require no v & iu g^-Jj 

 beyond planting tiiem out in the °P* ly them- A S «# 

 garden mould. Any nurseryman can bupF j a ^ l% 8 

 cure for mildew on Koses is dusting t£«Lj.^*2#* 

 sulphur the moment the evil is PJJJ^p 'to put *««% 

 soil like yours Beans will be the ^st jrop { K { u t W* 

 rows ot Potatoes, which you anticip ate »■ ) &***** gil 



asunder in the row. Pond mud n "^"r;; ftT e &*?£& 



ng for a lawn; but it should W t ^ lt W 



autumn. If applied now no time mu»v 



V 



top-dressing for a 



well rolled in atterwards.-t 



