THE GARDENERS* CHRONICLE 



iH 



are 



_ not always of the same nature In J CLIMATE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES 



fi LShey " e P«>bably reproduct — * '— 



221 



i*ept*de 



tw ire 



certain 



T 



art 



m germination, while m 



^notwithstanding the attributes assigned by 

 to his globuline, there is no proof that they are 



ef tfang nse t0 or g ftn ' se( ^ structures, except by 



position. In Phienogams such globules 



Opened irregularly in the protoplasm of the cells, 



tmCbans Zygnema, &c, they have a definite 



"Zju-j^ ent, which in the former instance cannot be 



j^S^withoot the destruction of the circulation and 



JCviUl phenomena. In most instances the globules 



- u indifferently in the midst of the protoplasm ; but 



Licfcea* they are produced at the tips of threads, of 



w«iich tb«y *** tne u l t * ,nate articulations, after the 



j^nner of spores. 



•291. According to the various modifications which 

 ^y^iahjU undergoes, different tints are assumed in 

 ▼arioof parts of a plant, and not only do flowers ex- 

 hibit eheir multiplicity of hues, but even leaves in their 

 ^moilcofldition are variously painted. With such 

 jBttttrs^ •« peculiar to each species, and consistent with 

 —feet health and the performance of every vital func- 

 however interesting, we have nothing to do in this 

 place. In certain cases, however, either in every cell 

 wjnaliy, is in seedlings, or in portions only, variously 

 dapomd, the chlorophyll, though in the normal condi- 

 tion produced abundantly, is entirely wanting. The 

 sellings are of very short duration, seldom advancing 

 bevood the development of the cotyledons ; the partially | 

 Affected plants are of indefinite duration, and are known 

 the name of variegated. 



392. If the leaf of a plant, as for instance of a varie- 

 PeJargonium, be examined under the microscope, 

 while the green portions are rich in chlorophyll, the 

 Winched parts are entirely destitute, except in those 

 nrieties in which the border exhibits a golden or 

 speckled appearance, which is dependent on modifica- 

 of the contents of the cells. 



No. VI- 



_ Nice, 30 March, 1855.— On the 10th of this month 

 single red Tulips (Oculus solis) were in flower in the corn- 

 fields. On the 1 3th white Thorns were in full leaf. On the 



(Regina), which is also abundant in gardens. Some of 

 the Lemon and Orange trees were also in blossom in the 

 warmer situations. On the 22d, Peaches and Nectarines 

 (all standards here), and new Cherries, Pear trees, and 

 Plums were fully out — Apples, partially. Asparagus 

 from gardens, and also wild from the hedges, is sold in 

 the market On the rocks of Mount Vinaigrier, the 

 Asplenium Petrarch© (a Fern not known in Britain) 

 something like A. trichomanes, but much prettier, 

 grows rather plentifully. China Roses are coming into 

 flower. Lycopodium denticulatum grows in the lanes 

 and valleys. Manure here has great care taken of it; 

 a great part is liquefied and in that state applied round 

 the roots of the Orange and Olive trees. No sewage is 

 allowed to escape. The recent decrease in temperature 

 appears to have been almost simultaneous in London, 

 Paris, and Brussels, and of about the same extent. The 

 usual cold March winds have been but little felt here at 



an express undertaking, by the Prime Mink ._, _ Q 

 also first Lord of the Treasury, in the face of the House 

 of Commons, that certain words, contained in a Trea- 

 sury Minute of the 31st March, 1854, offensive to Mr. 

 Kennedy and his friends, should be officially retracted 

 by the Treasury, and that such retractation should be 



fulfilled 



present. 



Daily Temperature. 



1855. 

 March 



if 



t7 



9 

 10 

 11 

 12 

 13 

 14 

 15 



• • • 



* - . 



- • ■ 



• • ■ 



• • * 



• - - 



• • • 



• • ♦ 



• • • 



■ • . 



• i • 



• • • 



Ki 



• t • 



■ » • 



• ♦ • 



• • • 



* * • 



• • - 



» • ■ • • . 



« • . 



• • ■ 



• t • 



• • « 



Mean 



• . . 



• • • 



In proportion as the 

 cells are coloured, the globules, which are the receptacles 

 of the chlorophyll, are more or less developed, and of 

 greater or less size. The functions of the cells in other 

 respects are not impeded, there is no lesion of their walls ; 

 tfae bleached parts are not killed by exposure, as is the' 

 with some delicate pale tissues, as, for instance, 

 — expanding fronds of certain Ferns ; and if there 

 were no other peculiar phenomena, plants so affected 

 auld be regarded only as mere varieties, and not as 

 plants m a diseased condition. It is, however, curious 

 that when a portion of a plant with variegated leaves 

 a io communication with other parts which normally 

 would produce leaves endowed with the ordinary green 

 tint, those parts are liable to contract the affection ; 

 d the affection, when once present, does not seem to 

 nnah altogether, though it is said that in some cases 

 rtmay be modified by rich soil, accompanied by com- 

 pete exposure to light. It is possible, however, that 



ShlorosTs 8 * ° 0t alWSyS be pr °P erl r distinguished 



»!. Variegation may arise either in the seedling^ 

 m some particular branchlet of a tree ; often in 

 •m* coming from adventitious buds. Such a shoot 

 may communicate the affection immediately, or if grafted 

 «pon a sound stock may affect the stock ; or, on the 



327' « e 8t ° C !f ** V8rie g» ted the graft may be 

 **ted. Many such instances are reported in the 



o«W writers on Horticulture and Vegetable Physiology, 

 Mm more recent times Turpin, in his memoir* on 

 gmng, informs us that Noisette had observed the phe- 

 ***°on m the case of a variegated Jasmin. Seedlings, 

 tarwL negated plants are not of necessity 



™2*W, exactly as the produce of an Albino does not 

 JJJJnly exhibit the peculiarities of that animal 



2M. Many plants in their normal condition exhibit 



£■ of £ are entirely colourless, though modifica- 



« of organs which in their normal condition are 



8»L2 T DOt h0Wever f0,,ow that such Pknts are 



•mSZK ^ « e State * 8 the colourle88 P arta of 

 W£ leaV€9 - White lowers, for instance, seem to 



• meir own peculiarities. "~. 



*K[ * m * chemical results as flowers of TdiffereSt 



«%fenll t *« ^* r S * ° D th6 whole ' that ^negation depends 

 **w*J£? * WCa r C0nditi0D » b "t if so, one which 



• <*BahhTTf perfect re medy, and which, moreover, 

 *»tthis J! P^Pagation. It should seem, however, 



*■*» «3£ y t X 8tS ° nly for ^A 8 in a young and 

 ^condition A leaf which is already green does 



**M • it ™ Y° P - Jl1 ' n ° r are ne 'ghbouring cells 

 ^teanU of a y , ,n , new snoots or Jeaves that the 

 ""*3w? F*^ U **"•• In fact ' <* 1,s °f the 

 *T n»ntuareff^! 0Ur8 m&y ^ in J u ^taposition without 



°° * colouring only. M.J.B. 



n 



16 



17 



18 

 19 



ao 



21 

 22 



• • « 



■ ■ ■ 



• • • 



• «• 



- • I 



■ ■ n 



• * • 



■ ■ • 



• - - 



• • • 



• • • 



• • « 



• * « 



* • ■ 



nan 



• • ■ 



• • . 



t • 



• ■ 



• • . 



Mean 



n a 



• • n 



• n n 



• • • 



If 

 If 



If 

 If 

 If 



23 

 24 

 25 

 26 

 27 

 23 

 29 



• • • 



t ■ • 



1 1 ■ 



• • 



• • * 



t • • 



• - ■ 



- - • 



• • • 



• • « 



» • n 



• • • 



nan 



• ■ • 



- - ■ 



• • ■ 



n n « 



■ ■ n 



an* 



a • 



• • a 



Mean 



- * - 



• * . 



7 A.M. 



46 



36 



39 

 37 

 39 

 43 

 42 



40.1 



45 

 47 

 48 

 47 

 46 

 49 

 47 



45.5 



45 

 45 



48 

 46 

 47 

 40 



42 



44.7 



12. 



52 

 51 

 48 

 50 

 55 

 58 

 60 



53.4 



62 

 62 

 58 



61 

 53 

 53 



58.7 



61 

 56 

 58 

 55 

 55 

 52 

 52 



55.5 



10} P.M. 



39 

 43 

 39 

 44 

 44 

 46 

 45 



42.8 



51 

 54 

 47 

 46 

 47 

 43 

 46 



48.4 



51 

 46 

 49 

 45 

 43 

 42 



45 



45.8 



^C J wn - peculiaritie8 - The y are b y no mea ^ 



iHr«^ C0l0U r in S matter . a*<* in some instances thev 



i«S^^ 



fc^T * «»t* not w£r«, « ^"ugiiciier Holzarten," a book to 

 2* *bich had EL ' > Ch ls worth 7 of attention. A young 

 2? ttitl first wintlrk 6 *! n down ^ snail8 t0 its cotyledons. 

 IS' wlu * K ut Httll L/ dec '» P ro «uced in the spring two leaves 

 Shinto lStW^ n ^ 0Ut them ' " wa9 transplanted the 

 ?lI ltw MestabliXd lL an i again P rod "ced rarie-ated leaves : 

 * £«* ***** w«» ni H 6 Whlte 8 P° ts gnidnally disappeared, and 

 2ft?** MwST ?L 8ignS i f r arie ^tion. It is siid also T that 

 wS lttt notorious th^ er . their ^* een tint when 80 treated; 

 S 5+** in thlir e J 8n 5l J varie g»ted trees particular shoots 

 ^ tf *i mals4y ariL - fm J 1 < ? nditlo «- The enrious point is, 

 mtm' - »oould so iuSX, 1 n j? first in3tA »ce from any external 

 ti.SS totnnnSt? disappear, and that it should be so 



""^n ■ Organic Chemistry," p. 427. 



E. C. 



Villa JReale, Naples, March 28th, 1 855. — Trees 

 coming into leaf : Maple, Fig, Lime, Beech, Hornbeam, 

 and Acacia, and in sunny places the Vine ; except one 

 Maple in full leaf, all the rest seem equally advanced. 

 The flowers are " legion : " Judas trees, of which there 

 are only three in this garden, Glycine, Azaleas, Roses, 

 —amongst the rest Devoniensis and the dark China- 

 Tulips, Ranunculuses, Hyacinths, the Grape Hyacinth, 

 and Anemones, we met with a month ago in Tuscany ; 

 Calla ^Ethiopica, in full flower, planted in rock-work 

 islands round a fountain ; Geranium (Scarlet) Mallow, 

 8 feet high ; Stocks of all sorts, very poor ; the chief 

 weed under the trees is a yellow Oxalis. The Mesem- 

 bryanthemum hangs like Ivy in masses 6 feet long from 

 the top of walls ; its triangular leaves are half an inch 

 each side of the triangle. The Cytisus and even the 

 Laurustinus and Magnolia have the edges of their leaves 

 browned by the frost ; the Laburnum in full leaf will, 

 in two or three days, be in flower ; the Aloe and Iris 

 (common blue) grow on the ruined walls, and Ivy 

 quite as thick as with us. At Florence beyond the 

 Olives and Oleanders no one thing existed to remind 

 one of the south, the only Ferns were the Ceterach and 

 Asplenium nigrum and Trichomanes ; here the true 

 Adiantum cap. Veneris covers the lava round the 

 fountains. The Filix-mas grows from the tufa walls, 

 and is now a foot high. The Grass borders here are 

 cut with a hook ! and every plant of Clover is eradi- 

 cated. The China Roses, Azaleas, and Camellias have 

 each a hole 2 feet in diameter round them. In Lady 

 Strong's villa, across the street, there is an Araucaria 

 excelsa, about 15 feet high, worth coming to Naples to 

 see. The Lupins and Trifolium incarnatum are in 

 flower in the fields. The want of any freestone, and 

 the excellence of the clay, cause terra-cotta vases of 

 beautiful forms to be universally used here, even in the 

 King's gardens. The beautiful yellow red to which this 

 clay turns in the fire agrees much better with the green 

 leaves than either stone or marble, and I am much sur- 

 prised that our friends never think of sending any over 

 to England. They have the bad taste here to put white 

 marble seats on rough bases of small lava and scorise, 

 and make their statues rest on similarly made islands, 

 from holes in which lava issue two jets of water. The 

 Palms are not allowed fair play, but • overcrowed " by 

 dozens of other trees, consequently they are not very 

 fine. There are no small Tangerine Oranges in the 

 Villa Reale, but at two or three villas at Pausilippo there 

 are a few. Vesuvius has much snow on it yet. At 

 5 o'clock a common bat was hawking after flies in broad 

 daylight here amongst the promenaders. Somerset. 



-MM 



THE DISMISSAL OF THE RIGHT HON. T. F. 



KENNEDY. 



When Sir John Shelley withdrew his motion in th< 

 House of Commons on the 27th of February, for a C 

 mittee to inquire into the grounds and justification of 

 the removal of Mr. Kennedy from the office of Com- 

 missioner of Woods. &c. he did so on the condition of 



• M 



- Treasury. 



This pledge has been amply and p 

 the First Lord of the Treasury. 



A Parliamentary Paper has recently been printed 

 (No. 141) containing a letter addressed, by command of 

 the Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury, to 

 Mr. Kennedy, together with a Treasury Minute made 

 m pursuance of the undertaking of the Prime Minister. 

 This Minute contains a letter from Mr. Gladstone, 

 dated 28th February, the debate having taken place on 

 the 27th. It may be worth while to place in juxta- 

 position the offensive paragraph and the Minute made 

 in pursuance of the undertaking of the Prime Minister : 

 Extract from Minute of Treasury, March 31, 1854.— 

 u In the case, however, of the controversy which has 

 €t arisen between Mr. Higginbothom and Mr. Brown, 

 u and also between the former gentleman and Mr, 

 " Kennedy on the subject of Mr. Brown's reports on 

 u Alice Holt and Woolmer Forests, the questions 

 "at issue are reduced to matters of simple fact, 

 u but which, from the spirit in which the discussion 

 " has been conducted, have assumed a character in- 

 u volving the veracity, integrity, and honour of the 

 " parties, and rendering it desirable, on that account, 

 €i that the matter should be brought to a conclusion with 

 " the least possible delay." 



"Copt of Trbabitry Minute, dated March 2, 1855. 

 " My lords read the following letter from the Right Hon. W- 

 E. Gladstone: — 



■ ' Downing Street, Feb. 28. 

 " ' My Lords, — In a discussion which arose last night in the 

 House of Commons, with respect to the case of Mr. Kennedy, it 

 was stated by Sir John Shelley, who made a motion en his 

 behalf, that his removal from office had taken place in conjunc- 

 tion with reflections on his honour, veracity, and integrity. 

 Having been the person principally responsible, as Chancellor of 

 the Exchequer at the time, for Mr. Kennedy's removal. I may 

 take this opportunity of stating, what, however, 1 know to be 

 perfectly familiar to your lordships, namely, that no i 'don 



was cast or was intended to be cast by me upon Mr. Kennedy in 

 respect of his honour, veracity, or integrity ; on the contrary, I 

 had a sincere respect for the zeal with which he appeared to 

 prosecute his duties ; and his character, after a long life, was un- 

 assailable in these vital points. I am able to state that in all 

 communications which have passed between the Earl of Aberdeen 

 or myself on the one hand, and friends of Mr. Kennedy on the 

 other, the utmost willingness has at all times been expressed by 

 us both to adopt any effectual and proper mode of placing this 

 matter, naturally so interesting to Mr. Kennedy, beyond doubt. 

 As, however, I must judge from the language used last night 

 by Sir John Shelley, and likewise by other members of Parlia- 

 ment, that such doubt has existed, and as it appears to be in 

 some degree supported by words in a Treasury minute, which 

 were used, I am well assured, with another intention, I venture 

 to suggest it to your lordships for consideration, whether you 

 might not act justly by Mr. Kennedy were you to place it upon 

 record in a supplemental minute that it has never at any time 

 been intended to cast any refection upon Mr. Kennedy in point of 

 honour, veracity, or integrity . I have, &c., 



"'W. E. Gladstone.' 

 " Mr. Wilson states to the Board that, being fully cognizant 

 of the intentions of their lordships' immediate predecessors, he 

 is enabled to assure their lordships that the expressions in a 

 minute of the Board to which Mr. Gladstone refers, and which 

 have been interpreted by Mr. Kennedy and his friends as 

 throwing an imputation upon the honour, veracity, and integrity 

 of that gentleman, were not intended to have such an application, or 

 in any way to impeach his honour. My lords desire that a copy 

 of this minute he communicated to Mr. Kennedy, with the ex- 

 pression of their lordships' hope that it will have the effect of 

 relieving his mind from any feeling that his honour has been 

 called in question.' 7 



" Thus," as is remarked in a paper in private circu- 

 lation, * it appears that Mr. Gladstone on the 28th of 



February, 1855, ( suggested 9 to the Lords Commissioners 

 of the Treasury, for their consideration, a course of 



proceeding (* acting justly,' as he says, 'by Mr. Ken- 

 nedy *) which the Prime Minister had on the previous 

 day, the 27th, pledged himself to the House of Commons 

 to adopt. It appears that Mr. Gladstone thought this 

 proceeding proper to be adopted, on considerations of 

 justice and truth, but he waited for upwards of nine 

 months before he took it, or 'suggested it for consider- 

 ation/ and until it was extorted by a motion in the 

 House of Commons. He claims credit for doing that 

 in which the Prime Minister had anticipated him, and 

 had pledged himself to do, before he had the benefit of 

 Mr. Gladstone^ suggestions." This, it would seem, is 

 Mr. Gladstone's perception and sense of justice, and 

 the {manner in which he carries them into execution. 

 May we ask in what school he gained his own ideas of 

 right and wrong ; at Naples ? or in Whitehall ! 



With reference to the last remark, we beg the attention 

 of our readers to the words here printed in italics. After 

 giving it they may perhaps arrive at a better judgment 

 concerning the true value of the statements occasionally 

 made by public men, than they could previously form. 

 It is clear that what Messrs. Gladstone and Wilson 

 really say is not to be taken as an expression of what 

 they intend or mean, but that they belong to that in- 

 genious school which takes for its motto, " The use of 

 words is to conceal meaning." 



Lord Palmerston, in thus forcing his ex-colleague to 

 sing his palinode, has fully redeemed his promise to 

 the House of Commons. * But," as a contemporary has 

 well put it, * though Mr. Kennedy was dismissed from 

 the Woods and Forests, yet a Minute is entered on the 

 records of the Treasury praising Mr. Kennedy to the 

 skies. The only inference one can draw from this, and 

 many similar instances, is, that under our matchless 

 constitution men are turned out of their offices because 

 they have deserved well of their country. It would 

 seem to follow, that for a man to be left in office is 

 tantamount to a declaration that he is incapable or 





