1S55.1 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 



107 



Messrs. Paul had 



had 



Daadrobium aensinorum, u. nonue, serines 

 and erispum, Cattleya Mossise, and Oncidium 



in pots were in admirable condition, and we 



, D ot sav contributed greatly to the beauty of the 



**^ "fctBTB. Lane bad Coupe de Hebe, Paul Perras, 



m Prerost, and Chenedole literally beset with 



Tost in perfection ; also Souvenir d'un Ami, not 



veil grown perhaps, but with flo- 4JJ - ~ 



afaape and richness of colour. 



extremely well managed plants, and so had Mr. 



; Mr. Terry, gr. to Lady Puller ; A. Rowland, 



E— and Mr. Sage, gr. to W. R. Robinson, Esq. 



' groups contained some of our most favourite 



Rotes, among which Mrs. Bosanquet, Solfaterre, and 



SooTCtur de Malmaison were conspicuous. Mr. Francis 



a collection of well-flowered small plants of R. 



._ on the Manetti stock. These, as they 



mmw ^ M to be, were much admired. 



Cipk Keiths were contributed in good condition by 



Mom. Rollisson, Fraser, May (gr. to H. Colyer, Esq.), 



Williams (gr. to Miss Traill), Frost, Roser, &e. 



Among the different varieties were tricolor Wilsoni, 



netalieflora, ventricosa grandiflora (a fine kind), 



Ctrendiahi, Bergiana, Westphalingia, mutabilis, Massoni, 



nana, and gemmifera. 

 Miscellaneous Plants Messrs. Henderson, of 

 Fine-apple Place, had a collection in which small 

 lowering New Holland and other shrubs were inter- 

 mixed with Rhopalas and other plants possessing fine 

 foliage, the whole pr iucing an excellent effect. 



Of novelty there was little beyond'what was shown at 

 the Oyslal Palace on the 2d inst. Rhododendron for- 

 nxMom elegans, Veronica Luscombeana,a kind in the way 

 of Andersoni, Embothrium coccineum, and Achimenes 

 flgtotea, a sort like picta, came from Messrs. Veitch. 

 Messrs. Rollisson pent Meyenia erecta, and A. Fame, 

 Esq., of Liverpool, furnished *a flowering plant of 

 what was called Rhododendron Keysi, from Bootan. It 

 had clutters of little orange tubular blossoms very much 

 like those of a Manettia on the ends of the last year's 

 wood, the young shoots of the present season extending 

 beyond them some 5 or 6 inches ; altogether it looked 

 very unlike a Rhododendron. Messrs. Veitch had a 

 handsome Gloxinia with upright flowers like those of 

 Fvfiaua, but white with a carmine throat. It was called 

 Comte de Talleyrand. 



PiLABGo.v , as might be expected in the middle of June* 

 were prod m large numbers, and generally in fine condition- 

 Among new varieties, i. c, those sent out in the autumn of 1853 

 •54 there were some good flowers. Mr. Turner, of Slouch, 

 pernor \ f Carlos ^ 0mer Pacha Serena, Zeno and 



rl JrV r * wer U extremel y well bloomed plants. Mr. 

 -. , gr.to l l ster, Esq., of Clemer Manor, sent nice plants of 



iu & \r M *°. vo fF^'^r oir </. x-axton, Warrior. I'.irmirpnm 



album, N mi, Carminatum, and Nonsuch. Thejudg sSd 

 the two first named for awards. J g s^^ted 



There were several good things in the way of bedding plants 

 particularly Geraniums. Mr. Kinghorn sent threetf the* 

 scarlet class the best being General Peiissier, the other 

 Countess of Warwick and Annie. Emperor Napoleon, shown 

 Mr. Butcher, Stratford-on-Avon. is a dwarf good scarlet for 

 beds. Mr Cole sent several good kinds of shrubbv Calceolarias 

 Compacts, Leo, and a spotted kind, not named, were verv mod ' 



Messrs Henderson, of the Weilingtmi Koad, sent a miscel- 

 laneous collection of small plants in bloom, containing some new 

 things, amongst which we noticed six plants of th^ pretty free 

 blooming fancy Geranium Cloth of Silver. This is a free 

 Sw^fi^ ■ kin c£' an ini P r ovement on Delicatum. Also si 



£f p??^" 1 *' t?? od sba P ed sort of the cl *s*, but more 

 white than R. Cobden. This is very good. 



Of Fruit there was a tolerably good display, but 

 owing to the crowded state of the* tent we only found 

 opportunity to notice some of the best of it. Mr 

 M'Ewen, gr. to the Duke of Norfolk, at Arundel Castle! 

 furnished a collection in which were very good white 

 and black Grapes, Peaches and Nectarines, Melons, 

 Apples in a state of good preservation, red and white 

 Currants, and Raspberries. One of the Melons, a green- 

 lieshed sort, on being cut was found to be extremely 

 good ; the Grapes were perfectly ripe and well- coloured. 



Of Fine-apples there were nearly three dozen ; but 

 among them were no remarkably tine specimens. The 

 best Providences came from Mr. Chapman, gr. to J. B 

 Gle^, Esq., and Mr. Robinson, gr. to Lord Boston ; 

 the heaviest of these, however, as far as we could ascer- 

 tain, did not much exceed 7 lbs., and we saw no Queens 

 above 4 lbs. The best examples of the last description 



rS 8 ™ me from Mr - Jam <*, £*- at Pontvpool Park, 

 and Mr. Turnbull, gr. to the Duke of Marlborough at 



species of beetle allied to Polvstichus, whioh he had 

 found w.th its larvae in the nest of a small black am • 

 likewise the pupa of a very small butterflv. Mr. Curtui 

 also exhibited specimens of Langelandia anonhth .lrna, a 

 blind beetle collected near Taris under a water-butt at a 

 considerable depth under-ground, bv Mr. Charles de la 

 nouzee A paper by Mr. Newman was read upon the 

 rays in the wings of insects considered as nerves, veins, 

 ribs, or tracheae by previous authors, but which Mr. 

 iNewman regarded as simply organs of support analogous 

 to those of the wtog of the bat or fi ug dragon. Mr. 



™T' & ew8 r re °PPOsedby Messrs. Curtis, West- 

 wood, and Waterhouse. ^ 





avtion, 

 Ptndonl 



Attract!, 



R..-i 



COL 



a re 



nrtetfes 



2n iuritfe S6 , nt a ,, fo " rtb colIe ctioii, which contained Fair 

 ««n, Attrachon Carlos, Mary, Governor-General, and Seraskier. 



wn*. £e« ^""TO?"' t!iere wen 4 collections. Mr. 

 ttowltL^ ;\ rg K, and Str i kin " P lants - even 'y matched in size, 

 "-^ IH I vT' T The7 con sisted of Topsy, Rosamond 



CaM?n? m5 •"• Le ° nora ' Achilles, Sanspareil, Virgin 

 eSuK %Z? C ' w d A , strea - The two next collections 



\£*'£$5? n and / Messr «- Eraser. Those varietie 

 m g ^,ri lt,0n ' ?? d not in the first collection were 

 ^ Mr' gS X n S U Magnet ' Vulcan ' Magnificent, and 



a £> tlZ i h P , ne f xception ' were mised h y 3»t gentle- 



^.optimum P„rpie Perfection, Enchantress, Eleanor, 



** 



3br 



!?■ ^Jnf^r"^ "ST P T U > r " p 5 the best P Iant was Carlos. 

 fck W"w, gr. to Mr. Beck, sent 10 neat well-bloomed 



""^tab^nu^f P J' L f ? G0NIU3t ^ere also numerous. The 



*** iir Tnrnlr 1^; class was Perfection, an old kind, 



^tlUrt K? sa ." in 5 le specimen. This was more than 



0J ^ J2 P t "J? b h) hl}] management. These were Celestial, 



U' — U ^.Fr^L. . T\ Klchard Cobden, and Formosis- 

 fr *5Sii^ rsp '? t " Adv »«cei% Celestial, Queen Victoria, 

 ***** fiTfir rT e Rosa 1 t1 ' and Beine des Pran^aia. Mes.sr 

 i^H'C M ; \v S each ^Wbited six plants. In the 

 Lind . PriucJ; Ar Sen * Forn -ssimum. Hero of Surrey, 



^ Jr., Stokp^ 1C f Maude \ Fann - V ' and Fair >' ' 

 ln *bich W f.rpl;f rk ' ¥ nt the next best collection; the 



*ere not large, but they were well bloomed. 



Among Grapes, Mr. Munro, gr. to Mrs. Oddie, had 

 beautiful bunches of Black Hamburgh, extremely well 

 ripened ; Mr. Frost, gr. to E. L. Belts, Esq., also sent 

 line fruit of tins variety ; but the colouring was j m _ 

 perfect Mr. Davis, of Oak Hill, and Mr. Harrison 

 both had good Black Haraburghs ; and so had Mr. Dods 

 gr. to Sir J. Catheart, and Mr. Slowe, gr. at Bayford- 

 bury. Mr. Tillyard, gr. to the Right Hon. the Speaker, 

 produced good bunches of the same kind of Grape, and 

 so did Mr. Turner, of Streatham. Very fine examples 

 of Black Prince came from Mr. Hill, gr. to R. Sneyd, 

 Esq., Mr. Turnbull, and Mr. Constantine, gr. at Hilling- 

 don. Mr. Turnbull had Muscats, large both in bunch 

 and berry, but not nearly ripe. Mr. Cook, of Tulse 

 Hill, also showed Muscats, as did likewise Mr. Solomon, 

 but the latter were unripe. Frontignany came from 

 Mr. Parr, of Gloucestershire, and Mr. Henderson, gr. 

 to Sir G. Beaumont, Bart. ; the latter showed the 

 Grizzly variety. Good Muscadines came from Mr. 

 Williams, gr. to C. B. Warner, Esq., Mr. Aires, Mr. 

 Tillyard, and Mr. Bailey of Shardeloes ; the exhibitions 

 from the two last-named growers were, however, unripe. 



Peaches. — Royal George, large and well coloured, 

 came from Mr. Hill, Mr. M'Ewen, and Mr. Brown ; 

 and very fine examples of Grosse Mignoime were fur- 

 nished by Mr. James, from Pontypooi Park, and Mr. 

 Tegg, from Roehampton. Mr/jUaxton sent White 

 Magdalen. Mr. Fleming, gr. to the Duke of Suther- 

 land at Trentham, had Murray Nectarines, large and in 

 every way excellent ; and Mr. Ayres sent Elruge. 



Of Figs, Mr. Constantine had good fruit of the Nerii. 



Cherries may be said to have been confined to a 

 dish of May Duke, large and well ripened, from Mr. 

 Fleming. 



Of Strawberries the best came from Mr. M'Ewen, 

 who furnished beautiful dishes of British Queen, 

 • Trollop's Victoria, and Myatt's Eleanor. Mr. Constan- 

 tine also sent examples of British Queen. Among 

 other kinds we noticed Sir Harry, which was so well 

 spoken of last year. 



Melons were numerous, and generally speaking we 

 understand good. Among the very best were the 

 Bromham Hall and Golden Drop. 



Mr. Williams, gr. to C. B. Warner, Esq., had dishes 

 of Oranges, Lemons, and Shaddocks. 



Linxean, Mm 24. Anniversary. -The President in 

 the chair. At the ballot for the election of officers for 

 the ensuing year, Thos. Bell, Esq., President ; W. 

 Well, Esq Treasurer; J. J. Bennett, Esq., Secre- 

 tary; and Richard Taylor, Esq., Under- Secretary- 

 were severally re-elected : and the following wen 

 elected members of the Council, namelv— G. lientham. 

 tsq .; G. Busk, Esq.; A. Henfrey/Esq. ; W. V 

 ^aunders, Esq. ; and Dr. Seemanu ; in the place of 

 Drs. Hooker, Thomson, Wight, and Bun-hell, and F. 

 Walker, Esq. The audit ra reported a balance in 

 favour of the Society on the } ear's account of 1 1 0*. 6V. 

 Jv 5.— The President in the chair. Mr. S. Stev t as 

 exhibited a splendid new butterfly, named Ornithoptera 

 Brookeana, collected in Borneo by Mr. Wallace. 

 G. E. Dennes, i:,q., exhibited fresh specimens of 

 Orchis fusca, collected near Maidstone, in Kent. 

 N. B. Ward, Esq., exhibited flowering specimens of 

 Gentiana verna from Gal way, and Cerastim.i latifolium 

 and Draba frigida from the Dovre range of mountains 

 in Norway ; these speci , in company with Andro- 

 meda tetragona, were flourishing on some peaty banks 

 in his garden at Clapham. The following papers were 

 read :— 1. The first of a series bt memoirs entitled 

 "Hoi Carcinologicrc, being a paper on Leucosiada?," 

 by the President. 2. « Notice of a species of Cara- 

 bideous insect found by G. 11. K. Thwaites, Esq., 

 together with its larvro in ants' nest?, in Ceylon," bv 

 J. Westwood, Esq. J > J 



j&otices of 23oofe0 







£& 



3.— J. Curtis, Esq., F.L.S., 

 In addition to the various 



fcT"**» *r. to F W^nT? were suown in good condition by Mr. 

 r "P&B, Marie fil "l***° n > Es< l-> Isleworth. Their names were 

 * ^b*m\» T LnA Mar S a ^t, California, Chieftain, and Duke 

 *■*«!».* **»*' Mr. Cole, St. Alban's, sent six nicely 



TuZ* 1 P j *nts, all -u *uJ" L/0le ' St - Aran's, sent six nicely 

 t<Pe Km» ahmi by ' a class tbat 8hould be encouraged. 

 r*- T °f Kentki it s ' anne Dri - ht rich yellow; Grandis, 





of Kentish 

 " r »ctive. 

 n -** sh< 

 G «ome. «. 



Mr. 

 Mr. 

 The 



a^: * ■ iiirk kindc i> n S land » England's Glory, and Eliza- 



a ^s, Yanguard, Macbeth, Glory, Verrio. and 



° M Vei T good, the season having now become 



• 22 n V rere shown h ? M r. Turner, Mr. R. 

 -^•eat'ht tu J ^ essrs - Dobson. 24 blooms (private 



Wa *t ffiT Mr * Holder » and ' In Thorpe, 

 ***ior to thL ,le ? u self8 a PP«*i- to stand the hot weather 



> 8ir rSi r, T kLnds were R °5" al Albert, Mem- 

 ^od mIav Cftm P be11 ' p " r P le Perfection, Uncle 



r- *iSSl? p in ^ ,f seif colours - 



JS^fTPWficiSa pJu WERS . were numerous. The judges 

 »3L ^/Wrr r e i ar l°mums : Meteora oster . a brifht 

 Wb^lS^V free flowering; Pallas 

 ?** ^L Painted ™IZT% Whlte centre : Q'^^oon (Beck), 

 *** — eral otl^ ra w ° W ^ r ' 8 ? a11 - but ver y ^tractive. 



« Affi£? e 0y #' and Corsair (Hoyle) ; als^ 



irabIe (Turner). Mr. Turner sen 



*^ 



Entomological, June 



President, in the chair. 



donations of publications presented by the Natural 

 History Society of Katisbonne, the Royal Society, the 

 Entomological Society of France, &c., an extensive 

 series of beautiful insects from India, selected from a very 

 extensive collection recently formed in that country, 

 was presented by S. P. Pratt, Esq., F.R.S. Among 

 these were many nocturnal Lepidoptera of very con- 

 siderable interest, including a number of Micro- Lepi- 

 doptera and five species of Pterophorus. A certificate 

 in favour of Professor Pictet, of Geneva, as one of the 

 honorary foreign members of the Society was read, and 

 Herr Dohru, President of the Entomological Society of 

 Stettin, was elected a member of the Society. Various 

 interesting Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, collected by 

 Mr. Foxcroft at Loch Ranuoch, were exhibited ; 

 amongst the beetles was the very rare Dendrophagus 

 crenatus, and amongst the moths was Anarta cordigera, 

 with illustrations of its transformations. A specimen of 

 the splendid new butterfly from Borneo, named after 

 the Rajah Brooke by Mr. Wallace, was exhibited by Mr. 

 Stevens. Mr. Stain ton communicated a note by Mr. 

 D'Urban concerning the cocoons of Saturnia cecropia,a 

 species of large size common in Canada, which might 

 easily be collected and employed in the manufacture of 

 silk. Specimens of the cocoons were also presented to 

 the Society by Mr. D'Urban. Mr. Curtis presented, on 

 behalf of Mr. Spence, various interesting insects 

 collected in Ceylon by Mr, Thwaites, including a small 





Clark's Mollmca testacea (8vo, Van Voorst, pp. .536), 



describes minutely in a fair 8vo volume the marine 



testaceous animals of our islands. For many years Mr. 



Clark has devoted himself to this subject ; he tells us 



that nearly every animal has undergone, m a living 



state, his personal examination ; that he has had his 



own dredger, and that few individuals can have had 



better opportunities of observation than himself. The 



volume before us bears ample witness to the care and 



kill with which such opportunities have been employed. 



It is an invaluable magazine of facts in this department 



of natural history. We particularly recommend to the 



attention of our species-mongering iriends the following 



observations, which apply to botany with as much 



force as to any branch of systematical natural history, 



and, we fear, to all in some degree. 



" Before I give the^ descriptions of the types of the 

 genera of the Littorhiidee, I will make some remarks on 

 the prevalent practice of naturalists to create species 

 from mere varieties : this anxiety can only be attributed 

 to their wish to extend our knowledge of new and inte- 

 resting objects. That these views are desirable and 

 laudable cannot be questioned, but it is to be feared 

 that the zeal of these gentlemen, combined with the 

 ardour of rivalry in the race with their brethren in the 

 same pursuits, have been the cause of a departure from 

 those principles and laws which are considered indis- 

 pensable to arrive at just conclusions in the establish- 

 ment of genera and species ; or, in other words, in 

 laying down the true bases of the differential features 

 of the families, genera and species of a class, so as to 

 enable the student to deposit his objects with certainty 

 in their natural position, and to distinguish them from 

 others, however numerous, of the same family, by con- 

 cise and well-defined specialities. If these rules were 

 rigorously attended to, we should have fewer complaints 

 of the almost impossibility of identifying many of the 

 objects of natural history. The inconveniences that have 

 arisen from the neglect of these precepts are so great and 

 pressing, that I propose to attempt to point out their 

 origin, and suggest a remedy as far as regards mala- 

 cology and conchology, and to evidence and illustrate 

 my arguments by references to the present state of 

 certain groups of the Mollusca. If conchologists are 

 determined to form numerous species from the same 

 animal because it happens to present certain shell- 

 variations, they must have their way, but malacologists 

 will not concur with them in giving a dozen names to 

 the same object. These gentlemen cannot escape having 

 the phrase dies doccbit verified ; the day of retractation 

 will assuredly arrive ; it will therefore be better for the 

 interests of science and their amour proprc, at once to 

 apply the remedy for this singular creative monomania, 



f ' O medici mediam pertundite venam.' 



• • t 





I apologise for my irreverent quotation, and trust I 

 may claim for this once, 



_ . , _ , ' Liberius si 



Dixero quid, si forte jocosius, hoc mini juris 

 Cum venif. dabis.' J 



* The practice I have just described is fraught with 

 great detriment to the advancement of science, because 

 in many instances it destroys every attempt at identity, 

 and renders our books bulky and expensive by the 



