THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



FLORICULTURE. 





Mr Turner, of Slough, also obtained a First-class Certificate 

 for "Peter Young," a full-sized dark-laced variety. Mr. J. 

 r le of St. Alban's, sent some seedling bedding Calceolarias, 

 Me of which, "Compacta" (bright bronze yellow), obtained a 

 -Certificate of Merit; it is a free blooming attractive variety. 

 Jir. Speed, of Edmonton, exhibited a desirable scarlet Geranium 

 wined General Simpson, brilliant orange-scarlet in colour, with 

 .p. white centre; it has a full-sized truss, and its flowers are 

 ,\ v- persistent; a Certificate of Merit was awarded it. A 

 First-class Certificate was given to Mr. Todman, Clapham 

 .yark, for Verbena General Simpson, a dull carmine variety, 

 but with a well-formed truss. The same grower also sent a 

 pr ing seedling fancy Geranium named sir Colin Campbell, 

 which the judges wished to have before them in better con- 

 di n. Messrs. Veitch * Son exhibited a spotted Geranium 

 called Agnes, which is good in form and substance, and brighter 

 t n Sanspareil : a Certificate of Merit was awarded it. Several 

 other sef dling plants were exhibited, and among them a bedding 

 ri nium named Quercifolium floribundum, apparently a de- 

 sirable variety for bedding, but it was not shown in good con- 

 dition. Mr. George Smith sent blooms of his seedling Petunia 

 M.imione, white with bright purple spots, a dis-tinct and 

 attractive variety. The 1st Prize for 12 Verbenas was awarded 

 to Mr. C. P. L mer, for Maryanne, Titus, Keine des Amazons, 

 Caliban, Mrs. D. Tyssoo, Suhmru, Eva, Queen, Mrs. Mills, 

 Elizabeth, and Shylock. The 2d Prize was gained by Mr. George 

 Smith, for M AV -odroffe, Alice, Standard, Rosea, Madame de 

 la Valliere. Iver Rival, Comtesse de Belleville, Lord Kagtan, 

 Madame Schmidt. illante de Valse, Eblotiissante, and Queen. 

 M I . Tinner sent a stand of 24 Pinks. The Kev. J. Dix was pro- 

 posed a member. 



flow era 



the flo* 



*eh supplied *uli water at the rout, lur a day's neglect 



in watering at this season may tell seriously upon the i we uuwm suuu mue m origin hot weather wh 

 beauty of the finest specimens. Remove decaying | plants are allowed to get dry at the root, 

 leaves and flowers immediately they are perceptible, and 



_ i 9 Mr — « .— — — .•*«*. *■ m m « * » < it I I 



as well as prolong thel^nTlrflh?^ 



ers soon fade in bright hot weather w2 



tb 



Miscellaneous. 



Climate of 0/c7mk.-Mr. Motley, when describing the 

 Vegetation at 10,500 feet of elevation in Java, on the 

 Pangerongo Mountain, observes : — Up among these 

 plants, amid the Moss which hangs to the trees in 

 masses as big as a man's body, are two fine parasitical 

 Orchids, a Dendrobium with bright purple flowers, 

 U. purpureum, and a little pseudobulbous plant with 

 large flowers like a Cymbidium ; and yet these plants, 

 often exposed to 36°— 38° Fahr., we should perhaps 

 put at home into an orchideous stove at 85°, and then 

 be surprised when they died. I was much astonished 

 at the distribution of plants of this tribe. I have often 

 been puzzled why I did not get more species at Labuan 

 and in other steamy hot places down at the sea-level, 

 where, I believe, most English botanists would hope to 

 find them ; whereas at about 4000 feet, with a night 

 temperature of 45° to 50°, every tree is laden with them. 

 Surely we are in the habit of coddling them (to use a 

 Yorkshire word) too much in our stoves ; and when it 



idered that a change of plan would bring these 



lovely and curious plants within reach of many zealous 

 cultivators who cannot now afford the expense, it would 

 surely be worth some nurseryman's while to try the 

 experiment on a large scale of cooler houses for Orchids. 

 Hooker's Journal of Botany. [We long ago anticipated 

 this suggestion, which is already carrying out with the 

 greatest a4 vantage by our best growers.] 



Among Sweet Herts, Basil (Ocimum basiljcum) has 

 been much grown, as a condiment or for medicinal pur- 

 poses, in all hot countries from the very earliest times 

 on record. It is an annual that sows itself so abundantly 

 over the warmer regions of Asia and Africa, that it is 

 impossible to say which may have been its original 

 native country. Numerous varieties are recorded as 

 produced by cultivation, and some other species are 

 grown in India and Africa, but the common O. basilicum 

 (which I am now convinced should include the O. minus) 

 is the only botanical species known in Italy, where 

 several varieties are great favourites in the cottage 

 windows of the lower orders. Sweet Marjoram (Ori- 

 ganum Majorana) was introduced by the ancient 

 Romans from Egypt or Syria, where it is still common 

 iu a wild state. Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus), 

 widely spread over South Russia, was brought, probably, 

 from the shores of the Black Sea, in more recent times. 

 The first mention on record is by Simon Seth, in the 

 middle of the 12th century, but it appears to have been 

 scarcely known as a condiment till the 16th century. 

 Journal of Horticultural Society. 



' — 



Calendar of Operations. 



{For the ensuing week.) 





PLANT DEPARTMENT. 



Conservatory, &c. — During bright warm weather 

 the beds and borders of this house must be liberally 

 supplied with water ; any of the specimens or twiners 

 upon which red spider may seem incline^ to be trouble- 

 some should be well washed with the engine as often as 

 may be necessary to thoroughly jelean them. But 

 things in flower must not be dashed over-head with the 

 engine, and all pot specimens in flower should be re- 

 moved out of the way, and others spared as much as 

 !)ossible. If former directions have been attended to, 

 imvever, keeping the beds and borders properly supplied 

 wiih water, and the atmosphere moist, red spider 

 will hardly be troublesome except upon things in 

 a weakly state, or those growing in poor exhausted 

 soil, and such should be assisted by an occasional 

 watering with manure water, but this must be used 

 in a very weak state for New Holland and other plants 

 which are readily injured by too strong manure water. 

 A little weak and often is greatly preferable to strong 

 doses. Look over the pot specimens on the forenoons 

 of bright hot days, in order to see that everything is 



endeavour to have a good supply of specimens m full 

 beauty, so as to be able to replace any that are becom- 

 ing shabby ; also keep pots, floors, and everything 

 about this house scrupulously clean and neat. Green- 

 house.— Many of the usual occupants of this house 

 will do better in a sheltered situation out of doors while 

 the weather continues fine than under glass, and such 

 things as Epacrises, the freer growing Varieties of 

 Heaths, the hardier kinds of New Holland plants, and 

 many other things should be removed to a sheltered 

 shady situation out of doors, but where the glass can be re- 

 moved at night, so as to afford the plants the benefit of the 

 night dews, there will be nothing gained by removing 

 any kind of plants to the open air ; and specimens that 

 have not fairly started into growth after being cut back 

 should be kept under glass until this is the case, dew- 

 ing them over-head with the syringe on the evenings of 

 fine days, and using every means to keep the atmo- 

 sphere about them moist until they get into free growth. 

 Most hard-wooded plants in frames will be benefited by 

 exposure to the night dews, and the sashes should be 

 thrown off late in the evening, replacing them in the 

 morning, and shading against bright sunshine, and 

 giving air freely back and front, or tilting the sashes at 

 the sides, which is the better practice, as it admits air 

 freely without the plants being so much exposed to 

 currents of drying air. Things in want of more pot- 

 room should be shifted as soon as possible, so as to get 

 them well established in their fresh pots before winter ; 

 but in shifting hard-wooded plants in hot dry weather 

 great care should be exercised to have the balls and 

 soil in a properly moist state, and the plants must be 

 carefully shaded, keeping the atmosphere as moist as 

 possible for a few weeks after shifting. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



Pineries.— Assist plants swelling their fruit with a 

 hi*h moist temperature and plenty of manure water at 

 the root, shutting up early in the afternoon and syring- 

 ing the plants lightly. Be careful, however, with fruit 

 colouring, and keep these as dry as circumstances will 

 admit, otherwise they will probably be deficient in 

 flavour. Give every possible attention to securing a I 

 supply of fruit for autumn and early winter use, keeping 

 plants that appear to have completed their growth 

 rather dry at the roots, and fully exposing them to the 

 sun for a few weeks, in order to give them a rather severe 

 check. Plants intended to show fruit towards October 

 and November should be kept growing away freely for 

 some time yet, and these must be carefully supplied with 

 water at the root during bright hot weather; also be very 

 careful in supplying young stock with water, and 

 affording them a moist atmosphere, as any neglect in 

 this respect during the present state of the weather will 

 be very apt to cause them to show fruit prematurely ; 

 and young stock from which free growth is expected 

 must not be allowed to suffer for the want of pot room. 

 Vineries.— Attend to last week's directions as to 

 thinning late fruit, for depend upon it that a very 

 moderate crop of first-rate fruit will be more valued 

 and more satisfactory to the owner than ever so heavy 

 a crop if of inferior quality ; therefore, thin severely 

 and early, and give every attention to keeping the 

 foliage clear of insects, and the Vines in vigorous health. 

 Where the borders are of a rather dry light nature, an 

 occasional soaking of manure-water may be given with 

 advantage to plants swelling their fruit, and inside borders 

 will require a liberal supply of water while the weather 

 continues hot and dry. Give abundance of air day and 

 night where the fruit is colouring. Peaches. — Look 

 sharply after red spider upon the trees generally, par- 

 ticularly any that are raiher weak from being over- 

 cropped, or from any other cause, and give the trees a 

 thorough washing with the engine wherever this pest is 

 perceived, repeating this as often as may be necessary 

 to thoroughly eradicate the pest. Do not allow the 

 borders to become too dry where the fruit is not yet 

 ripe, and trees from which the fruit is gathered must 

 not be allowed to get excessively dry at the root if the 

 foliage is to be kept in health for any length of time. 

 Melons.— Do not allow the bottom-heat to decline in 

 dung beds, for although it might safely enough be dis- 

 pensed with while the weather continues hot, it cannot 

 be renewed all at once when a change of the weather 

 may render it necessary, and a crop of fruit is often 

 injured by neglecting the bottom-heat during fine weather, 

 therefore apply linings wherever they may be necessary 

 to maintain a gentle bottom-heat, especially where the 

 fruit is setting. Give every attention to keeping the 

 foliage clear of insects, keeping the surface of the soil 

 moist wherever this can be safely done, but keep the 

 atmosphere dry where the fruit is ripening. 



FLOWER GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



Go over the beds frequently, keeping the young shoots 

 of Verbenas, &c., nicely regulated and pegged down 

 until the beds are fairly covered, after which, unless 

 where the soil is very strong, or where it may be 

 desirable to keep the masses as low as possible, the 

 shoots of most varieties may be allowed to grow at 

 liberty. Keep the surface soil clear of weeds, and 

 should the weather be such as to render watering 

 necessary, do not let the plants feel the want of moisture 

 at the root. See that Dahlias and Hollyhocks are tied 

 as they advance in growth. Look over Boses, and 

 dip any shoots found to be infested with green-fly in 

 tobacco-water. Also keep these well supplied with 

 water, at the root ; which will greatly improve the 



HARDY FRUIT akd KITCHEN GARDEN 



Get all kinds of winter greens planted oat .. 

 speedily as ground can be obtained ; and *herT* 

 cannot be done at present to the usual extlT 

 see that the plants are either pricked out or l3 



dung were mixed with the soil before pricking outZ 

 roots would run into this, so that the plants mitk Z 

 removed with balls, and would hardly feel the da? 

 Also get Leeks planted on strong, deep, heavily minZj 

 land, and attend to these and all other newly phikd 

 things with water until they get fairly established Gf» 

 the Asparagus plenty of manure water from the gfefc 

 or farm-yard tank, in order to strengthen the roots after 

 cutting and induce strong growth. On dry, friable so** 

 a good dressing of salt may be applied with advantsp* 

 but this should not be given on strong tenaeiosj ' 

 as it keeps the ground wet and heavy in winter and 

 decays the roots. Proceed with the planting out of 

 Celery as fast as ground can be spared, and see that tag 

 whole is liberally supplied with water. See to keen 

 up a succession of French Beans, also Salad of a&knk 

 making a sowing of Parsley for winter use. 



STATE OF 

 For the week e 



THE WEATHER AT CHISWICK, NEAR LOND0S. 

 nding July 12, 1855, as observed at the Hort .cult and Qmim. 



July. 



Friday 6 

 Satur. 7 

 Sunday 8 

 Mon.. 9 

 Tuee. 10 

 Wed. 1 1 



Thura. 12 

 Average . 



Tbmpzbatubb. 



Ol the Air. [OftheEtrt 



w 



23 



24 



25 

 26 



27 

 23 



3C.0«5 

 3^.079 



30.025 



29.775 

 29.61 '8 

 29.541 



29.840 



30.027 

 30.064 



29.867 

 29.599 



29.585 

 29.516 



29.747 



77 

 7* 

 79 

 80 



82 



71 

 81 



Mm. I Mean ^ 



44 

 50 



55 



59 



59 

 55 

 52 



29.844 29.772 f 77-7 I 53.4 



60.5 



62.D 



67.0 



69 j 



70.5 

 63.0 

 66.5 



65.5 



65 

 64 

 64 



61* 

 65 



664 



63 



Mi 



2teet| 

 deep, 



61 

 61 

 61 



Wml 



i 



6*1 



61 



L H 



B. J4 



5.W. * 



> 



N.f. Jl 



j u ]y 6 — Fogr^y ; hot and dry ; fine. 



— 7— Hazy ; very fine throughout, 



— 8— Very fine; ligr-t clouds; oveTcafct at nijrht. 



.*. 9— hazy; slight rain; very fine; thunder, much lightningiM 



— 10— Cloudy and fine; very fine ; partially overcast. 



— 11— Constant heavy rain. 



— 12— Overcast; very fine throughout. 



Mean temperature of the week 2J deg. above the STertje. 



TtECORD OF THE WEATHER AT CHISWICK, 

 During the last 29 years, for the ensuing week, ending July 2:,1%». 



July. 



No. of 

 Years in 

 which it 



Rained. 



Sunday 5 



Mon. 16 



Tues. 



W ed. 



Thu. 



Krid. 



S*»tu 



17 



18 

 19 

 20 

 21 



Greatest 

 Quantity 

 of Rain. 



Pre*&il.sff 



• 



Z 



1.46 in. 

 1.60 

 0.56 

 1.22 



0.60 



0.47 



0.54 



1 

 2 

 2 



1 

 I 

 2 



•S 



c z 



j 3'1 «!'- 



3- : 



i ! t»f > 



1- ill • 



i i i «; ' 

 i s- in 



The hiRhest temperature during the ^»V ti <$. oe ^»ttt "* 

 lS31-therm.94 deg.; and the lowest on the 18tb. lS:.l-tbenn.w«* 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Archery : S T. Roger Ascham'sbook is by far theM- ^ 

 modern works on tl.e subject are, as far as we_ ™ ** 

 chiefly indifferent abridgments of bis graph c •"*"$%. 



Bees: B H. You may use either ether or chloroform tor «r 



fying your bees with perfect safety* Downing'* 



Books : J W. Loudon's edition of " Repton, and Do"* 



" Landscape Gardening."! i .„„t,„ on killed br!«t- 



Deodars: Diss. The ends of the leaveshave been W^-^^ 



thing before they began to separate, and »° w "^ u, At 

 so; the consequence being that they are to» » ^ 

 struggle to separate at the base. What te»?" —, 

 not Certainly not light land, for nowhere do Deodar. P™ 



better than in the thin light soil of Dwpmore. ^ ^ 



Ismcn: G S L. We were unable to find W* „ ,» 



Parsnip, which was quite dried up. Can yoi ^^ 



other specimens ?-W F.Yoat insects art i one ^ 



menest kinds of weevils. Otlorhynchus wstaW ^rfgj 



we. vils feed on a variety of garden P^^^ooirfl** 



buds of fruit trees, and their larvje on uccu « t r § ^ 



-AU»*a. Your slip of Hollyhock wMinfc »« -^ 



of Oxy telus morsitans (one of the **2%%wM- £ D 2 



and the lar^of two different kinds of Aim C*^,, ass* 



mon on decaying vegetables, and not, as £0 M A * 



of the disease. Can you send us larger r~- 



diseased stems? IF. f wige d to re!*»2 



Names of Plants : We have be en so oft ^.f tut ««£ 



decline naming heaps of dried or o her ^p ^g* 



to request our correspondents to reco ecttn q j* 



or coald have undertaken an »"!m^ r eV»* 



Young gardeners, to whom thes e_ ^«™" to u3 for - 



should bear in mind the t, before i app^ F^ B , iD ,u. 



they should exhaust their o her m ean *° V^ % „d U*« 



Wc cannot save them tl e trouble m weCOuW »» 



for themselves ; nor would it b« ff 3 ^ 16 willingly. B ■ ^ 



can do is to help them-and thet in ost ,„„ m 



. i *«._* ;~ fnhiro not more »"»« „»•♦•,: % _. 



pel 



SST« 



V us.— Another Constant Bead* 

 not be more convenient to c 

 which only leads to confusion . 



from having been m« eu M " otis alpes^ * 



gonium Radula.— J b r -* x \ ht The pl« n t ILub* 

 Hat tea ps : G£ ? . You are , lg .„ ft. - 0«*« 





^ belies may *j-«$K5 

 musque-i P. Pyms bybrida and .»%$&* 

 stanheadtr. A^eommon pond wee*.^ X. 



, in all pw^5 r i>. P^ 

 W Grass aeea. 



that 'we"are not familiar with «£ •■ '-^' ou e. »<■ L#*l 



not that the V^^"^^^^^* 

 stated it to have been taken from ^ m itr t 

 we mentioned, and was as nun, Jb4 ,» 



origin as we were t move then ^ „**» 



rhododendrons : B p^" t September, 7°* *. 



of August, or beginning ot ^ H enW« »»!£* 



safety. -either we have exp«?« ^, tl>>»j2' «i3 



Misc: Delta. The dry wea ner dd|ng itsW" .wj" , 



account for your ^gooseberries «»»? % *£fe 

 the young shoots o yonr u end of «*^,*Jf g» 

 advantage, eicept those « ^ J«- ^ ». 



where you want new ones to ng ><a . 



price will be given for tne 

 19, 37, and 45, 



