An;rsT 11, 1855.J 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 



een No*. 3 and 4, and the dynamometer told in 

 /.t - of No. 4. For the deep ploughing, the wheeled 



m9 \n ar« aonntic^ w vc ucvmcuij oupcnur u> me 

 » led ; and it ia to be hoped our Irish prejudices 

 ^ prepossessions in these respects will be regulated 

 ^gi by common sense without regard to country ; 

 ud if the Royal Agricultural Improvement Society of 

 Inland did nothing, or may still do nothing more for 

 Cfcriow County than holding their show iu its capital, 

 tfceie proofs alone of the utility of such shows and 

 trials will cover a multitude of the sins laid, whether 

 tly or otherwise, to the charge of some, if not of the 

 whole, of their committees and council, or as some 

 think to the inefficiency of some of their officers. My advice 

 tljenwouldbetoourplou^hand other implement makers to 

 «take a wrinkle" from their English brethren iu the 

 manufaciuriug of ploughs for deep work, the more 



ially if tlie y so w * su it f° r the accommodatioi of 

 _»s entering on the cultivation of supposed worn 

 £it but still naturally rich deep Irish soils. The next 

 trial was of Subsoilers, of which three were used. 

 >■ J, (i raj's, M above; '2, Kinsome's ArehifMdian 

 Ileflgb ; aud 8, BentalUs Scarifier, stripped of its scmri- 



• vin- appendages by Mr. Stanley. Tiiey all did their 



work well as subsoilers, and bo would a common Irish 

 plough, the soil being sandy and deep, and consequently 

 unfit for such a trial as subsoiling. Indeed, the sarin- 

 .ejection ' ie ^ S 00 '^ as t0 deep ploughing generally. 

 This part of the judge's business over they repaired to 

 flfeefho* yard, which is admirably arranged, and pecu- 



there is no competition the machine has decided merit. 

 The implements exhibited in the show yard are iu the 

 following order : 



Lots 



511 



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... 



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liarly . . . . , 



inspection of implements. Whilst this was going on we 

 had a look at the different kinds of stock as they entered 

 the vard, of which more hereafter. 



At the dinner of the Council on this day Mr. D. J. 

 Wilson, Belvor County, Clare, referred to the encourage- 

 ment that should be held out to working farmers, to 



he is the steadfast friend, to join the Society. 

 He referred to the conduct of the Society in sending the 

 deputation to the Paris agricultural meeting, regarding 

 which he composed a truly Irish poem, which he in part 

 recited, amidst the cheers and laughter of the company, 

 Captain Bell joining, though one of the objects of tins 

 poetic satire. A word or two now for the stcck to be 

 adjudged to-day, Wednesday morning. 



Class A. Short-homed.— Section 1, bulls calved Bince ISoO 13* 

 see.2, do. hi 1853, 11 ; sec. 3, do. after January, 1S54, 22 ; total 46' 

 Stct.anicows in calf of any, 22; sec. 5, heifers in calf Carved 



Un 1 ? : i Re - C ; 5t d °* d ,°* iQ 1S53 ' 17 ' sec ' 7 > d0 - calv *d after 

 .'anary 1, 1^4, U; total, cows and heifers, 65. 



Claw B Breeds.— Section 1, Devon bull calved since 



•Jtn. IS50. 2 ■ RPf» 9 ru-ilFcl An,,.,., ***. n. « .01 ,1 



I» entry 



Do en 



h« mw.L.'a' c ?, lT f d A sinCft Jan- 1S52, 2; sec. 9, Devon 



6«>ftr 11 ; gee. 12 do. heifer, 1S54 ; sec. 13, Galloway cw - 

 "*•". do. Le.fer, 18o2; sec. 15, do. heifer, 1S51; sec. 16, Avrl 



he fer MM ^ „ aSe ' , 5 a ; 8 ,1?- 17 ' <K heifer ' 1Si2 > 5 ! s " c - 4 do, 

 oe»f ,&>4, 1: sec. 19, West Highland cow, any ape- soc "0 



KrirSS;.^ . heifer A 1868 ' 8 ' totttl - 21 - Extra premiums, 

 S^S^i'J^I^r.^^V C «P. ««« ««ry only.' 



nee 184S and 



ISSVl V r h *H reared o'nVIn-^l^c 1 4; filly 

 In , n 6 : 'Ji' 6ec -°' d0 " *•** iu W*Ml »ec. 6, do. fualed 



*c.2 two d52 ; 2* ! R tOTB ^" Seetl,m *' ^««"-ling rams, 38; 



■oi «ceeding 5 VeaS ohf" m C ' ^ 8hearl ! n «,^es, 7; sec. 5, 

 24 ^ o y t ar6 old, 10 ; sec. 6, ewe lambs, 7 ; total, pens 



An^n^T^^o^^ not ^ ^einsters.- Section 1, 

 I exoeedin^fi ™ " 'A^ 8hear do » 9 » sec - 3 » an ^ oth^r n^e 



»?^p8VftS! CTOdlnff6years 0ld ' 9 ' sec - 6 ' «^i^bd, 



of ^n?tt°,l 0r an y other mountain kind-Section 1, ram 



*i •ilnoter^ ff - 6yearil ° ,d ' 4; 8ec ' 2 ' «^ariing ewe« ; 

 CU« V iXf ,n ° 5 y«« r * old, 4; total, pens of 5, 6 



•«T otfan ^i n ^? n **7' J5ection ^ Yearling rams, 8; sec. 2, 

 tW^f^^otexceed.nirSyearsold^O; total, 18. fiction 3 



I 



1. Messrs. Richmond it Chandler, Salford ... 



2. ItansomesA Sims. Ipswich ... 

 d. \N ni. Procter Stanley. Peterborough, Northamptonshire 



4. Alfred CroakiU, Ironworks, Be* . Vorluhira ... 



5. Richard Coleman, Chelmsford, Su? x 



6. Gauet iV: Son, LeUton Ironworks, Saxmandham 



7. Henmlewiez. Mein, & Co.. Glasgow... 



8. Smyth & Ashby, Stamford. Lincolnshire 



9. Kennedy & Sons, Alton's Quar, Dublin 



10. William Graham, Sraithfield, Dublin 



11. Richard Robin^m, Belfast 



12. Kinmndson k Co , Dame Street, DuUin ... 



13. Henry Shendon A Co., Bi idfpoort Street, Dublia 



15. Thos. Eels A Co M Mary Street, Dublin 



16. D. Millar, Dunleer, co. Lnnth .. 



17. Forshaw ,v « Liverpool 

 IS. Jas. and Frederick Howard, Bedford 



19. David Allen. Moiievmore 



20. Caldow and M'Kinml. Dumfries 



21. Pery A Mitchell Dublin 

 -Is. A J. Mitchell. Dublin 



23. F. M. Spong, Car 

 — Ditto, Draining Tools 



24. John Dick n, Gortnamond, Tullaraore 



25. John Witfhtman, Belfast 



. M< j.iil Kehal, Lisneva^h, Baltinglaas 



27. Thomas Kogei • arlow 



28. Thomas Hallk:m. Tallow, Co. Carlow 



29. Rev. John Bonham, Ballitore 



30. Thomas Murphy, do. 



31. Samuel John- i, Glasslu^h ... 



32. Captain M'Ctlntock. Bunbury, Lisnevaeh " 



33. William Walpole, Millffrove, Cahlr .. Z 



34. Edward Carroll. Crememore Ilouae, Clone^al 



35. Messrs. Lyons, Windmill Street, I idon . 



36. William Dray A Co., Swan lane, London 



37. Messrs. Noble cV Ryan, Dnblfn 



38. James Nowlan. Belan, Castledermot I 



39. St. John Blacker, IUllydfUolme, TMrbert 



40. II. A. Betts. Wotton-under-Ed^ Gloucestershire 



41. James Nowlan, Belan, Castledermot, four kinds of Horse- 



42. John M'Grath, Annn Street, Dubliu 



43. Thomas E.Daly, Exchanp- Stii , Dublin, a Collection 



44. Samuel Houghton A Son, Carlow, Casks of Manure 



47. John M f Arthur, Engineer and Valuator, Capel Street, 



Dublin, a ( loUection of Kooti and Concentrated Manures 



48. James Shekleton, Dundalk. 



49. Thomas Biggs, Great Dover Street. London 



50. Joseph Loup, Sheep-dipping Specifics and Specimens of 



Skins and Wools acted upon 





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31 



18 



15 

 5 



9 

 41 



11 



li5 



4 



5 



14 



10 



2 



5 



13 



1 



1 



.3 

 4 

 I 



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- 



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2 

 I 



4 



1 

 I 

 1 

 1 



■ 



1 

 1 

 3 



1 



1 

 1 

 1 



1 

 3 



1 

 10 



2 

 5 



1 



14 



Total Specimens 



Wednesday evening. 





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... 3S5 



I have had a short run through 



struck me that there are sad fallings tM in some things, 

 and great improvement in others on this occasion com- 

 pared to former shows. Bulls, for instance, in all 

 sections, and cows, h 1 particularly, appear to be 

 deteriorating, whilst sheep are vastly improved. Pigs 

 rather improved. Poultry failing off. Horses increas- 

 ing iu number, but not in quality. But in implement 

 and machinery, a manifest improvement, both in num- 

 bers, finish, and applicability. Carlow, Wednesday, 

 August 8th. 



time bought for about 6/. 10#. an ac^, ani was It 2*. 6rf an 



acrw. During those year* i: had underg n . urt rcauv •<««» 

 and it was not let at 50*. an acre, and was as good arable lm>d 

 as any in the neighbourhood. aaliv it w«j> inmilui I 



hght: but fivm time to time soil «nd cUr'htd been put Ufloeif 

 and after K' *ff Turnips, and buiu* put t h rough other ««ie» 

 of culture from at to year, it had ao impreTed I 

 produced someUiiu^ like five quarters an acre, lit* looaea won 

 ta.- fact ot the farmers in the Lowlands paying «. an acre for 

 their land, and yet realising a pro6t, ai a sort of model for their 

 imitation, and he thought they ahould not rest satisfied nntil 

 they had cultivated their land up to tl»e point they fcettere* it 

 peetible to attain. How were they to do this? Thev might 

 tak«j tome 20 t ns of farmyard manure, er a few cwts.of gwan 

 or lime, and put it upon the land, and the remit would 

 be that the crops would look well in the winter aud spring; 

 but when the hravy rains of sumni* came they would bo 

 laid as Ant as their hands, and scarcely tkld any eorn at all 

 Tbes< manures wore very gorxi within cer \ linUU but 

 they did not do used in excess. If they wan ^uce ffoed 



crops, they mus: > to work cautiously. In truth here w*£ no- 

 royal road ' . fa: If they wished to get \ r land i» 

 first-rate state of productiveness it must bt> by a number of » js 

 extending over h number of years, He b^pin wiUi this lwid to 

 which he had referred abt - 15 }«ars«, and it MMtben * rth 

 4< snacre. 1!.- begsu by put ting upon It. ami he had n> 

 *>* I hesitation in saying that load sy he had put 

 1 j % had paid well; and he was a*' fifd that' the putti »f clay o 

 f ' marl on light land, at the rate of 100 toads ]^r acre, * .Id he 

 found to answer. He had had to lead his about a quat far 

 mile, and it had est him leas than though h< ha ^{v«*n the Ue«l 

 a^- d d ms,. ( ,f Hi] if :: ., y p«,t c \ny upon tSt sand, it wot 

 ,f ""ash i, but r. i uprei the surfaee, and « herp 



did f a little hflow, it might b itrht upa^lahf 4el|»p1oity;h* 



ln*r. It was a -j:> :it i m prove meel^w I them MBgewlv. and w^« 



within the means of tetiant farmer* to try for tSemscl v«»a. The 



heavy H iv lands of the country were fftcnemll denifeie 



tlu* host Wheat lands, and he lieved a grettt <)eei ^ht he 

 •'one to improve clay lands getierall- He wtmid not sj»eak ft 

 i'raina; becaese everyb • admitted It* notes*. :< who knew 

 nt' 1 of *£i lltural pursuits, bnt there was the , 



M Ifow are we to make the clay lands aa eeerlurtive as tin- 1 IjjM 

 lamls?" If thev wished to make It produ rmust put 



upon it sand, and the object f that was t iabh ta 



ot the plant to grow readily in the soil r no t t V 



•uld pet the full Iwnefit of what thetw was to he not. They 

 mustlaigin by | i^hing rat r deeper, and then nu reams the* 

 nth from 1 to 2 inches every time they put it to fallow, i! they 



eon Id pet the sand from their neighbourly I, it would be a gr** 

 bM)e fit ; but if Ihey could not, thoy must burn the land ; he di<f 

 not mean that thev must burn the whole auiface, for lie ahould he 

 very sorry to see tliem do BO on any land. Ti ba<t way was to 

 put in a scarifier or grubber, and cut f all the weeds, take about 

 2 inches from the rui face, aid then a lied 



aa in Worcestershire, and set them '-n fire 



they would burn with the stubble and the wco4f, end if it was. 

 not dry they most put la a little coal, whi uld burn it 



thoroughlv, and they would be surprised what a sma'l amount of 

 c«-»al would do. Last veer he had a field of ah .ut ft acres whicl 



* e 

 to 



pletely. The wh de cost • I colh ing, putting it iat r 

 heaps, and of coals, did not am nun* 1 ♦">#. en acre, which was 



cost thoroughly within the means of tl ;ant fa ar. It 



would set to work with their land, put clay an I upon llgjjt 



land, and sand upon clay land or bum It, and a: the satm- time 

 ip< it to the atmosphere, they might d< i «d upon it ♦' « v« 

 would slice d in bringing their land info a very much n 

 productive nta without faying their out atgreatrisk, 



as was the case when they applied a pre^t d 1 of hand tillagw. 

 He knew of no reason why thev should not lw» able to bring any 

 land into a much more productive state by < tinned cull atioi 

 in this manner, though they might not perhaps be able to brings 

 it quite up t ■> the Lothian level he had mentioned. 



the bnow-yard, ana earsonly glanced over the different *"• burnt in this way, and thoi i it came very w< -i before 

 kinds of stock, produce, and implements shown. It has h * a ,,ui d » 3 chaldron of coal (ol iraaU coal}, enabled hitu t 

 struck me that there are sad fallings off in som* thin™ J>«»n itcomj^telv The whole c f colh ing, petting it nri 



^*€fc 



i 



Yorkshire, Malton, Aug. 2 and 3. — The show, in all 

 its departments, was excellent, the entries in horses and 

 poultry exceeded anything previously known to the 

 society. Among the implements that which attracted 

 most attention in this department was the u Steam 

 Horse/' also shown at Carlisle. The Leeds and Yorkshire 

 Flax Society offered two sets of prizes for green and 

 scutched flax, to be exhibited at the show ; and two 

 sets of premiums for the best cultivated crops of flax 

 grown within thirty miles of Leeds. The premiums for 

 the green and scutched flax were, as will be seen 

 below, awarded 

 will be decided 

 best five 



10J., Lord 



acres 



•Yearling eS« 4 ■ ■-. i S 5 yeare old ' 10 *' tota1 ' 1S ' S «- ctlon 3 ' 

 °f 5, 11. B **' 4 ' sec - 4 > »°t exceeding 5 years old, 7 ; total pens 



Class H v • c? 

 **-% *ver ift^T Sec , tion h boar under 18 months old, 28: 



- r toMwi 8 ^ ont ^ 0,d ' 18; sec - 5 - do - over 18 »^hs 



10 months ftM aTS? S* Section 4, breeding pigs not over 



Contained above 100 pens. 



kfi , . -r~*»«« "« v ji.ft.iii.-. ui uuutii, one coru- 



' : r™ for ^e forei ^ market: sec. 5, dairy- 



soopered six firkins, one com- 

 t less than 20 ibs. r ozie com- 



than 



— »-» 



three 



W :r^ 7 ^"wiarktii fur the i 

 f^r;^^?^- «, cheese, best 

 Alitor- ^?* '» chee se f newn 



J^PeUtors 



**' *. »ix hinks 'l.^n^ 8eed saved by ^ oweT ' three competitors ; 

 Wr ^^^-span yarn, one competitor. 



f m far the stocl 



J^ better idea 



*** have 8 ?™ ^J 160 l Can ilave 8< ™ — — r-j^x.v, 



*7 f or the im 1 examine them - The same is all I can 



^tDinir m 1 . ents '' amon 8«t the most novel here are 



><*e thp achuies a l>out being tried, and when I 



Inn* 



" efcI « aben C ■•T K whicb » when anaI ^ sed » »iU S've the 

 " to rivJ L ldea T of our Progress. This analysis I 





BM 



t; ::.t,s 



D 



trial 



over 



*y 



prowu 



n '« patent .~rt bU * 0Ile a PP eared ' tliat ot ^ussey, now 

 • ^ourablftViJ.! lSt trial was nia(ie under peculiarly 



Still I saw 





41 v 



rposes 



^^h>dy ■ 



ctor y na^t at , ,east of the evils glanced at in the intro- 

 ***** werT m, u ^ I8 Ietter - The Irish P ublic of ail 



\*!* k[n % of " U ^ ,,Uerti atedin witne.-sln^ the successful 



*U1 



^ no dot?! 1 ? ° me hundrtd9 goi"g there. 

 d0abt ^out it« getting a 



There 



prize, 



for al thong! 



1 



at the show ; those for the crops 

 hereafter. The premiums for the 

 of flax brought five competitors ; 

 those for the next two "acres induced four grow 

 enter as competitors. These crops will be viewed upon 

 the land when the proper time has arrived for judging 

 them. At the Council dinner a discussion took place on 

 The Causes Averting the Productiveness of the Wheat 



Crop. Mr. Ii. S. Thompson said 



The question, as they could not control the seasons, was, how- 

 are \re to make our Wheat crops more productive? Now he 

 believed that the great difference between a productive and an 

 unproductive crop, was to be found in the great difference in the 

 number of grains in the ear ; for in all crops which might be called 

 moderately good, there was nearly the same number of stems in 

 the acre : and as an illustration of that opiuion he had brought 

 with him an ear of 1864 and one grown on the same kind of laud 

 in 1853. He admitted that the former was a picked h^ad. On 

 counting it the previous day he found that it contained 79 grains, 

 whilst in the ears of the crop of 1853 the number ranged only from 

 20 to 30. The crops of 1854 yielded rather m«re than five quarters 

 to the acre, whilst the crop of 1853, which looked quite as well, 

 and had full as many stems, only yielded two quarters. The cro 

 of 1853 was really a splendi t looking crop, aud everybody told 

 him it would yield from five to six quarters an acre, but, inconse- 

 quence of bad yield, there was only about two. Leaving out the 

 thin starving crop, where they had to look about for a stem, he wa 

 satisfied that the great difference between a productive and un- 

 ductive crop was in the yield of each head, and not in their num- 

 ber. If this was not the case how could they account for farmers 

 being willing to give 21. or 31. more an acre for >me descriptions 

 of land? For instance, there was a good deal of land 1 ut 

 :he Lowlands and Dunbar which was let for from 41. to 61 

 an acre, which so far as they could Fee was not different 

 from land in this country for which 3 . an acre was paid, 

 and yet hey knew the Scotch farmers would n take firms to 

 hurt themselves. The appearance of their h< mesteads and ever - 

 thing about them showed that they were making a profit. 11. 

 had also some Oats with him, which had been grown under 



' - - - ha' ' 



AWARD OF PREMIUMS. 



| [The Judges did not com] to tin labours until Thursday 

 afternoon. The priz-js awarded were the following;— 



CATTLE, 



Best bull of any age : 2 R. Booth, Northallerton : 

 Feversham, l>uncombe Park, Helmsl«*v. Gentries. 



Rest yearling bull : 201., F. H. Fawkes, 1 >:ley ; &!., A. L May- 

 nard, Marton-le-Moor, Ripon. 14 entries. 



Best bull calf, upwards of five months old j V • Townelet r 

 3Z..F. H.Fawl -. 18 entries. 



Best eow of any age : 15/, K. Booth; 5/ . J. Booth. 17 entries. 



Best 3-year-old c -w ; 1 . J. Douglas, At heistaneford, N.B. 

 51., Lord Feversham. 3 entries. 



Best 2-year-old heifer: 10!., C. Towneley; : K. V th ;- 

 8 entries. 



B«st yearling heifer: 101, J. Hall, Klveton I*ark, Worksop 

 51. f '*• Douglas. 15 entries. 



Best heifer calf: 7/., C Towneley: 3 R. B<*A. 10 entries. 

 f Best fat ox of any age: 5/, li. Vynuer, Newby Hall, Ilipon. 

 lu 1 8 entries. 



Best fat ox of any age: 5/., IT. Ambler. Watkinsoti Hall. 

 Halifax. 6 entries. 



Best cow of any breed for dairy pr.rposes : 7 >. Clark, Briton, 

 York. 6 entries. 



SHEEP. 



Best shearling ram: 15/., J. Burton, fturtOQ-lerSl . Malton; 

 5/. do. 32 entries. 



1 f ram of any a : 10/.. .J. Borton; 5', J. upsoi. >pof- 

 forth Park, Wetherby. 18 entries. 



Best pen of five ewes: 5/., W. Taylor, Tl rnthorpe, Malton; 

 3/., J, Holiday, Barms ton, Lowthorp. 5 entries. 



Best pen 01 five shearling wethers: 5/., T. Dawson, Pounds* 

 worth, Driffield. 



Best pen of five shearling gimaiers: 1 W. Abraham, Bar- 

 uetby-le-Wold, Uiceby; 6L, T. B. Browne, llaui a, Audjveib- 

 ford. 4 entries. 



Best ram of any age: 5/., Lord Walsingham. 



Best pen of five shearling gimra- : " ., Lord \Y singham. 



Best black-faced Scotch ram; 5', J. Estill, Blak« House ^ 

 Pickeriug; 21., T. Wilson, Bilsdale, Stokesby. 



PIGS. 



Best boar, large breed : 5/., T. Horsfall, Otley ; 2?., W. Prince, 

 West Ay ton. 6 entries. 



Best sow, large breed : 5f., J. Harrison, j«n, Heaton Nonis 5 

 7 ., T. Horsfall. 7 entries. 



Best boar, small breed : 5/., Lord Wen k ; 2/., G. Mangle 

 Givendale, Kipon. 15 entries. 



Best sow, siuuli breed: 5!., T. Horsfall; 2/., Lady Morpetb 

 G. Mangles. 



Best thr< re pig«, of the atne litter : 5/.; W. B. Wainman 

 Carrhead, Skipton; 2 M. Barroby, Dtshforth, Ti-irsk. r 



Best sow of any breed: 5/., W. B. Wainman, C air he ad S o- 

 ton ; 21 t G. E. Taylor, Oatlands, L< eds. ; * 



Best boar of any breed : 57.. 1 Mangles : 21. , G. E. Taylor. 



Horses. 



Best stallion for hunters: 10/., YV. Davkiat, Doncaster: 3/ ^ 



thinned by wire worm, whilst in the latter there was a thick crop | J. Smith, Martin Lodge, Bridlington. 



on the ground, but on taking the heads ho found one of the B ■•>: stallion for coach horses: 10/.. J. Johnson Brigh 1 



Tiuer to contain nearlv600 grains, whilst the latter only con- **-*** " "* n " "" *" - 



taint-d fr >m 30 to 40. He thought th f«cfs proved the prop 

 sition he had advanced. If they accepted the proposition as 

 proved, the next point would be to consider in what way they 

 could make the heads productive. He would first take the cas 

 of light land, as it was land with which he had had more to do 



than any other. For the last 15 v. its he had farmed land, the _ .„ . 



history of which he cculd trace "for 1 e-rs. It wis at that 1 Malton; 2L, Ii. ^.Thomson, ilirbv "llVi'l, VorkT"!' inVtiea 



Driffield; 37. D. HolHday, Newland, Hull. 



3 t stallion for roadsters: 10?., J. Foxton, Waithwith, Rich- 

 moud : 8 ft. B. Kidsdale. Water-ate, Hiplev. 



I stallion for agricultural purposes: 10/, J. Eaasbnttotn, 

 Bilham Orange, Doncaster; 3i., A. Hill, Normaabj. Kirb% 



m rsfde. 



Best mare and fen! for hunting : 5>., If. Marr tfatth H<4me, 



