552 



THE GARDENERS 



CHRONICLE 



[August IS 1 



short interval* along the terrace in front of the house 

 were marble vases filed with Tom Thumb Geraniums, 

 literally masses of flower, and nothing could possibly 

 t» more ornamental than they are at the present time. 

 They consist of large plants cut in m autumn and 

 1 wintered dry ; and thus they are kept year after year 

 for the purpose, till they become too large for the vases, 

 when they are thrown away, and are replaced by young 

 plants. We also remarked some handsome standard 

 Fuchsias of the Carolina variety, about 8 feet high ; 

 these are treated in the same way as the Geraniums, 

 and flower admirably every year. 



The ornamental ground has lately been considerably 

 increased in extent by taking into it a portion of the 

 park on the west side of the house, and it has likewise 

 been further improved by opening up a thicket of 

 plantation which lay between the mansion and the lake, 

 tml converting it into a snug little dell carpeted with 

 Grass, interspersed with Araucarias and other Conifers, 

 and ornamented with a rustic basin and fountain in the 

 centre. The Coniferous and other trees about the place 

 have also lately been greatly enriched by adding to their 

 numbers fine specimens of different kinds from various 

 parts of the country. Among these the more remark- 

 able are a Cuprcssus macrocarpa 20 feet in height 

 and 15 feet in diameter, and others of the same 

 species nearly as high, but not so thick ; an Arau- 

 caria imbricata upwards of 13 feet in height, Pmus 

 Pinsapo, quite 7 feet high and 10 feet through 

 at the base ; Cryptomeria japonica, 14 feet high ; 

 a Chinese Arbor-vitre equally large ; Deodars, 25 

 feet in height; Pinus insignis, 15 feet iu height; 

 Taxodium sempervirens, not much shorter ; and 

 Douglas lira, quite 16 feet in height. One of the last 

 named trees, a gigantic one placed in the park, was 

 moved there by means of one of Mr. Barron's machines 

 from Elvaston. This cannot measure less than 45 feet 

 in height ; since it has been transplanted it has pushed 

 a little, but its top appears to be dead. These trees, 

 together with many others, were all placed where they 

 are in October last, and appear to have taken well with 

 their new situations. They were alt carefully moved with 

 •good balls, which were tunnelled underneath till a low 

 truck could be got under them, on which, if the distance 

 was short, they were conveyed at once to where they 

 were to be planted ; but if long the truck was run up 

 into a spring van by means' "of on inclined plane, and 

 then they could be carried with safety for miles, which 

 many of them were. After they were planted the 

 chances of success would, however, have been greatly 

 diminished had they not been syringed over head every 

 night during the dry weather which we had in spring 

 and early summer ; this, as might be expected, very 

 much resuscitated their exhausted energies, and gave 

 them strength to stand the heat of the succeeding day. 

 These trees may now all be considered safe, and in time 

 will doubtless form worthy companions to the magnifi- 

 . cent Cedar trees for which this place is justly celebrated. 



for if neglected but for ajfew days it will disfigure the 

 finest speVimen. Remove the flowers from ptats m 

 bloom directly they begin to fade, and cut back the 

 shoots so as to secure close bushy growth, placing the 

 plants in a cool shady situation until hey fairly start 

 into growth, sprinkling the ground about them frequently 

 on d?v days, and dewing the plants overhead morning 

 and evening. Plants that have fairly started into grow h 

 after being cut back, and require more pot-room, should 

 be repotted at once, observing to have the balls in a 

 healthy state as to moisture, &c, and supplying them 

 verv cautiously with water after repotting, until the roots 

 set hold of the fresh soil. Do not allow young stock in 

 free growth to suffer for the want of pot room ; and 

 attend to stopping any over luxuriant shoots, so as to 

 secure a compact bushy habit of growth. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



Pineries —Those who intend commencing the culture 

 of Pines on the Meudon or open bed system, cannot 

 begin at a more favourable season than the present, as 

 there is now little chance of our experiencing much hot 

 dry weather to cause the plants to show fruit before the 

 roots <ret hold of the fresh soil, as is sometimes the case 

 to the great disappointment of the beginner and the 

 undue discredit of the system. The bed should be from 

 18 inches to 2 feet deep, and should consist principally 

 of good rich mellow turfy loam, well broken up, and 

 carefully intermixed with a liberal sprinkling of clean 

 sand, and a small proportion of leaf soil or good rich 

 fibry peat ; for when rough turfy soil is used and the 

 bed is ever, from any cause, allowed to get thoroughly 

 dry it is very difficult to moisten it again, as the 

 water passes off through the lumps without pene- 

 trating them. But if the loam is well broken up and 

 mixed with some leaf soil, or peat and sand, it will 

 be found to take water freely enough, and the roots 

 will be almost as much under command as when the 

 plants are grown in pots. Persons commencing this 

 method of growing Pines should also endeavour to avoid 

 planting out pot-bound plants, for these, whether young 

 or old, seldom strike root freely into the fresh soil, and 

 are very apt to fruit prematurely ; but if such plants 

 must be turned out, then care should be used to make 

 the soil firm about the balls, so as to prevent the water 

 passing off without moistening the balls. For persons 

 who grow Pines largely, and have several houses or 

 separately heated compartments devoted to their 

 culture, the open bed system has many advantages; 

 but where something like a regular supply of (roil is 

 expected to be furnished from a comparatively limited 

 number of plants and accommodation, we would still 

 prefer the pot system of culture. Vineries.— The 

 season has been anything but particularly favourable to 

 young Vines planted this spring, and every possible 

 attention must be afforded these where strong well- 

 ripened rods are expected. As the weather has been 

 lately, there has been no necessity for watering the 

 outside border ; but as the roots will be mostly near the 

 surface, this must be attended to in the event of our 

 experiencing dry sunny weather, for unless a vigorous 

 root action can be secured strong well-ripened wood 

 will not be obtained. Give air freely and early on fine 

 day 6, so as to avoid. any risk of scorching the foliage, 

 but Bhut up early in the afternoon, sprinkling the 

 floors, &c, so as to cause a genial moisture in the 

 atmosphere, which will be of great service in strengthen- 

 the Vines. If plants are grown in the house, and with 

 the rage for plant-growing which is almost universal at 

 present this will doubtless be unavoidable in many 

 instances, see that the plants are not infested with 

 black thrips, and on no account be induced to regulate 

 the temperature, &c, of the house for the plants, but 

 remove these to other quarters, or make them succumb 

 to the treatment most suitable for the Vines. _ Keep a 

 sharp look out for the appearance of red spider in houses 

 where the fruit is ripening, and coat the pipes | 

 or flues with sulphur on the first appearance of| 

 this enemy. Indeed it is well to do this occa- 

 sionally by way of a preventive, which, in this case as 

 in most others, is vastly preferable to a cure. \ mes in 

 pots intended for early forcing will require attention to 

 get the wood properly ripened, and this should be 

 effected by exposing them freely to light and air. 



FLOWER GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



The beauty of bedding-out plants is but of compara- 

 tively short duration in most localities even in the most 

 favourable seasons, and now that they are in full flower 

 every care should be exercised to render them as 1 

 attractive as possible, keeping everything in the most 

 perfect order that the means at command will allow. 

 Go over the beds frequently, and remedy any defect 

 that may be perceptible, such as pegging down any 

 plants that incline to grow too high for the others, and 

 keep the edges of the masses well filled up without 

 allowing them to become too bulky. Where the plants 



« aa .«■ * a 1 



increase. Cuttings of these roo I ,„ au 

 stronir flowering plants for the following - 



phot., 



once 



» 



occupy less room in winter than the old 

 cuttings must not be put into heat at once^M*,^ 

 sappy cuttings, such as are obtained from pla^ur ^ 



ground, are very apt to dam D off I 



event of the weather being dry, and Dahliu t 



rt/\AVi emla will wnl VAnmr f^«-**Z1*v— -ii__ ■• 



in the open 



*** 



* 



•ft J 



in the open ground, are very apt to damp off 

 Give the plants a liberal supply of manure wai 

 event of the weather being dry, and Dah 

 poor soils will well repay similar attention. 



HARDY FRUIT AND KITCHEN GARDES 



The long continued wet, cloudy weather »hU 

 have experienced, has induced very rapid 

 fruit trees generally, and except such at 

 loaded with fruit, they appear in roost 

 have already made as much young wood ai 

 much chance of getting matured in count of i 

 autumn. Where this is the case, it will be adriaUi 

 go over the trees at once and stop a portkatf 

 shpots, beginning of course with the stronptt 

 will be found to serve the end in view mock 



effectually than a general stopping at this 



would probably be of no farther service than 

 the production of a mass of laterals, and do 



* 



% 



throw tne sap into me weauer ones, ana if wt a**'* 

 favoured with a fine autumn the buds and tkfew 

 stopped will become plump without starting iniopni, 

 and in any case there will be fewer laterals prod*ekt* 

 stopping only a portion of the shoots than there ix.. 

 be ii the shoots were stopped generally. 



STATE OF THE WEATHER AT CHISW1CK, NEAR L0\JQ1 

 tbe week ending Aug. 1G, 1855, as observed at the Bomcoltn! (■*« 



AugU3t. 



Friday 10 



Satur. II 

 Suxiday 12 



Mon.. 13 



Tues. 14 



Wed. IS 



Thurs. 16 





27 

 ■ 



Babombtbb. 



2 

 3 



4 



Average 



Max. 



3U5I 

 bO.201 



30.105 

 30.823 



30.1S9 

 30.231 



: 0.297 



Min. 



I 3»J'43 

 30.1 u 



30.181 



10.213 



80 17* 



30.224 

 3 L27 1 



TsMFKRATtlftl. 



I 





01 the Air. Oi rbeEntfW, 



Max.' Min. 





Mean V°° 1 '2J. 

 * deep. dec*. 



30.214 ( 30.179 f 75-1 



Aug. 10— froggy. Mith heavy dew ; very fine throughout, 



— 11— Slight haze; very fine; overcast; fine. 



— 12— Overcast; fine; clear at night. 



— 13- Vine ; very fine ; clear and cool at night. 



— 1 4— Fine ; overcast : cloudy and fine; uniformly wmm. 



— 15 -Overcast ; very fine throughout ; clear at night. 



— 16— Very fine ; hot sunshine ; exceedingly fine througho*. 

 Mean temperature oi the week 1 deg. below the areroe. 



RECORD OF THE WEATHER AT CBISWICI. 

 Durinjr the last 29 years, for the eusuing week, ending AHX.-M* 



August. 



! 



a. br £ 



c6 O) - 



»- * a 



* s 



No. of 

 Tears in 

 which it 

 Rained. 



Greatest 

 Quantity 

 1 of Rain. 



Prevail* *■► 





« 



Sunday 19 

 Won. :"0 



Tr.es. 21 



W ed. 22 



Thu. 23 



Fnd. 24 



S*u\r 2 ^^^ 



The burliest temperaiurc uunm •>*«; »«~-- >-—--, .yMg, 

 1<«G and* 1st, isotherm. 88 deg. ; and the lowest oo tit W 



3 V 2 de*. 



Calendar of Operations. 



{For the ensuing wetfo) 



PLA^t" DEPARTMENT. 

 Conservatory, &c— The necessary quantity for a 

 season's supply of the various kinds of soils used in 

 potting should be got in at once before the ground gets 

 sodden with the autumn rains ; for the mechanical 

 texture of even turfy soils is much injured by their 

 being carted and stacked up in the wet. Therefore the 

 soil should be cut in a rather dry state, and put up 

 neatly in narrow ridges, so as to protect it from wet, and 

 expose it as much as possible to the action of the air. 



And as success in plant-growing depends largely upon 



having suitable soils for potting, no necessary trouble 



»r expense should be spared to procure these when 



well-grown specimens are expected. Moderately good 

 Joam is not difficult to procure in most neighbourhoods, 



hut anything like good peat is not to he had in every 



locality. This is absolutely necessary, however, for the 



successful culture of the great proportion of our most 



esteemed plants, and two kinds are desirable if not 



essential, viz, one of a light heathy nature for Ericas, 



Epacrises, and fine-rooted platits generally, and a 



stronger Grassy sort for stove plants, Azaleas, and many 



Kew Holland plants. And these should be procured in 



sufficient time to allow of haviug them in a mellow state 



when wanted for use, and if the owners of gardens 



understood their own interest in this, they would not 



scruple the little expense necessary to keep up a sufficient 



stock of soils in a fit state for use, for there is nothing 



more disheartening to a gardener, or a greater tax 



upon his time, than being without suitable soil in 



working order whenever it is wanted. Look over such aiivwuig w** ■• -^~ ~r r *""•?.", . ~, * 



things as Achimenes, Clerodendrons, and other stove are growing very rapidly this will involve some con- 

 i __._ i. * , . . . * - - ,' ., , ___ 1 .:j,tWki« *-™,Mo in the way of stopping the shoots, &c, 



attended to sufficiently often to keep 



a _ _____ / ~ ~ __ worse 



than to see them running over the edging, or encroaching 

 upon the Grass, and nothing of this kind must be 

 allowed where anything like highjkeeping ia aimed at. 

 Attend to plants in vases, and do not let these suffer for 

 the want of water at the root, and some things in this 

 way will be benefited by an occasional supply of manure 

 water in a weak state. Take advantage of every leisure 

 hour to put in cuttings and use every possible dispatch 

 with this work until the full stock is got in. Look over 



Notices to Correspondents. 



kes : A question asked in our last P a P*J,?^\_. |K 



bees with nitre," may be P^f^.^fcWorJfiS W* 

 advice:- If our correspondents » ill use C| T£^ TV 

 find it perfect in its action and preferab . to V*££ m 

 way to proceed is to put two ' teaspoonm "^E** 

 cup, to soak a bit of »g in it «? £ £t £to »» rf m 

 or hive, of course closing the "entrance , tne 

 immediately begin to drop, and in l« s8 ^ a t ° henllieW i 

 bee will be stupified. They will come to 



1 ml f an hour. . th . « Theory «f •■** 



Books : G. Stevens. The new edition of the £ < ^j 



tnre" costs a guinea 



We now adopt tne 



when •* 



***** 



But U continually happens that the pnee cf 



the volumes, and then we have no ready ^ ^j£ 



JShearn. Get "Lindley's Scho°l Botanr ^ Xgt*+ 



booksellers.-S^Wr,^. ? r0wn o s r /« bee-books; b*J *f 

 d itference of opinion in rega rd ^ to bee , ^ 



always heard Be van « On the Honey^ dry ^ d 

 Cherry Stones, &c. : C ^J^P ^* 



. . , lt „.♦!,!« or «h»lk* 



JUSTlCIA 



men ? 



:halk 





llfleWff! 



in the absence oi <:.»> . - ■■- r '(. bwi chaw- , ^K* 

 will do better in the sandy lai nd w tn i0 &*» 



ferous plants eenernMj; A .me ca | ^.^ ^j j^ 

 Your lime rubbish ^.fj'fti,,^. Even **£*. 

 sand, will be a gf ^^^Tu both dampn^g 

 many plants well, P«>™ \ t freqlic nt °«f D |U»* 

 bottom; and you can gne ^^tabl* "** 

 vegetable matter, such as ro» 

 sticks, straws, and the Uke oflen oblig^^^- 



ames of Plants : We have se ,„ &* > 



decline naming heaps of dnea o llectt h» «• ■£,# 

 to request our ewn-P^^,,^ I **>£ 



or coliid have undertaken »n 



Young 



d have « ndert r^Vese remarks more 



__ v _ _^ — _ present state of the weatner ma\ 



injure a haudsome specimen. Any of the twiners which 

 have done flowering may be slightly cut in, so as to pre- 

 vent their straggling, and they should not be allowed to 

 shade the house too much ; aud canvas shading must 

 not be used too freely after this season, particularly if 

 cloudy weather such as has prevailed of late continues. 



t ,.y should exhaust "^Se oV^^N 



We cannot save them tW " desiRl ble **££* *\ % 



for themselves ; .nor would t D t vM*^,** 



;s^ed fe*. A^S&Sgi! 



Greenhovse. 



passages, 



re 

 lit 



ntusat one time.-^^- ciitona ten 

 torium csnnab!nnm.-P. ^ ^jrfol*-^ 

 thuslongifolius.-e 6. -P a 



t*."!? 



.-* 



al* ete 



tnus loug"""—- - jnitoss. 

 A fragment of Aira , cjc*. ber . 



PAI >ER M ATERtAtS >. gto. M f ^ m^^,, 



i fit will bleach. P ten V Rt whl cb UW 



«fi r«A^5lS been hraUrf • 



H 





- 



















by frequently sprinkling the r . 



days, and dew growing plants overhead with a fine-rosed , ».-. ,«.« ..-.- ■ - m 



syringe towards evening. Look carefully after mildew Hollyhocks occasionally, and securejany cuttings that 

 on Heaths, and apply sulphur the moment it is perceived, ' ««" K - ^Va*«..h.»fi frnm varieties which it is desirable to 



andhowfart»»ey^.^ ou fr iiit 

 it reached 





"***£& 



eachedus.; . donbtfnl if" J I lt iK **!^0 



M 1 8C : Berks Garden 'T. 1 1 w x e m pW« i 



* of use to American plants- ^ HmeD t. ^vt, 



small scale first *y"Z*£i^-^ f*" 

 to thin Camels and other e ^ ^rj 



led along near the ground 

 injuring it.J 





