750 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 



pigs also a decrease of 168,325. As a matter of coarse, 

 when considering the two returns and the large acreable 

 increase in tillage of 112,382 acres, we must be prepared 

 to hear of a corresponding decrease in stock; this 

 accounts for the decrease in sheep, and also for the 

 increase in horses, for we observe that while there is 

 an increase of 3950 agricultural horses, there is a 

 decrease of 1932 of those used for traffic and manufac- 

 tures, and only 201 of an increase of those kept for 

 amusement or recreation, the rest of the increase being 

 in the young stock. Should the war continue, we must 

 expect a further increase of tillage, and a decrease 

 amongst the live stock, principally amongst the sheep, 

 but we would entreat our agricultural friends not to 

 overdo the thing, as, should a peace ensue, which we 

 hope there will, they will not find it so easy to return to 

 pastoral affairs — besides the land will have suffered 

 some degree of exhaustion — to preserve an equitable 

 balance between their stock and tillage lands, will in the 

 long run pay best, and not only preserve their farms in 

 •a high state of fertility, but increase it. Irish Farmers' 

 Gazette. 



f MAPPIN'S PRUNINC KMIVES IN EVERY VARIETY 



Warranted Good by the Makers. 



10, 185 



TOSEPH MAPPIN and BROTHERS, Queen's 



*-J Cutlert Works, Sheffield ; and 37, Moorgate Street, London. 



Drawings forwarded by post. 



HOT-WATER APPARATUS. " " 



T R. PEILL, ]7, New Park Street, Southwark 



r " • (late Stephenson and Peill), Inventor of the Improved 

 Conical Boilers in Iron and Copper, is now enabled to make con- 

 siderable reduction in the prices charged by his late firm, and to 

 supply the trade upon very advantageous terms, with materials 

 for Warming Buildings of every description ; Iron Conservatories. 



. _ a * * ■ ■ m ■» _ . ■ — _ — _ _ 



Roofs, and every description of metal work. 

 Manufactory as above 



BY 



HER 



MAJESTY'S 



Prices, &c, at the 



ROYAL 

 LETTERS 

 PATENT. 



Calendar of Operations. 



OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER. 



Forfarshire Glkks, October 31. —The fact that the grain pro- 

 duce of the country is deficient is already well enough known, so 

 we need not dwell upon it further than to state, that this high- 

 land district is no exception to the general rule. What was sent 

 us is now all secured, not however without some deterioration ; a 

 considerable portion was still exposed when the weather became 

 unsettled early in October, and was less or more injured either 

 on the stock or stack. The deficiency of straw is at present 

 more apparent, and also more immediately felt than the deficiency 

 of corn, an anticipated shortcoming of fodder having had a 

 •depressing influence upon the cattle markets; on wintering stock 

 graziers' profits have been reduced to a low figure, and in some 

 cases annihilated. The produce of Grass, like that of corn, was 

 deficient, and in consequence cattle gained less during the season 

 than usual. Potatoes are an abundant crop, and of excellent 

 quality, and at present are selling at a very moderate rate, viz., 

 50*. per ton; all who can would do well to fill the bunker now, as 

 such a low figure is not likely to continue, with Oatmeal at 2s. id. 

 per stone, and the 4 lbs. loaf at 9£d. Turnips are a full crop ; the 

 bulbs are sound and bulky, and with favourable weather will 

 stilt swell considerably A seeming abundance of this crop has 

 had an exhilarating effect upon the sheep sales, which have ter- 

 minated satisfactorily. Aged black-faced wethers have brought 

 fully 5 per cent, over last year's prices, and may be quoted at 

 about 30«. a head, although some crack lots have exceeded that 

 figure by two or three shillings. For rearing black-faced wethers 

 our glens are unrivalled, and it becomes matter of local regret, as 

 well as of public loss, when any of them are set apart for a less 

 beneficial object. Spare ewes have gone at about last year's 

 rates, these varying, of course, greatly according to quality. The 

 flocks in general are in average condition, and are now being 

 washed and put in trim for wintering. Many receipts for wash- 

 ing have been offered to the public— some of them of value, many | 

 tnore worthless, but none are equal to tobacco juice, when the 

 - inline article can be got, for at once killing the vermin, clean 

 ing and soothing the skin, and promoting the growth of wool. 

 The topics of greatest local interest at present are the high rates 

 promised for farms and paid for produce. So soon as a farm is 

 put into the market, men come forward and bid fearlessly, and 

 some think foolishly, rents far exceeding anything ever before 

 paid for the same land. If it be true that we can only estimate 

 the future from our experience of the past, many who are now 

 taking farms are either knaves or fools ; knaves who have nothing 

 to lose, and who, getting into a farm, get into credit, and for a 

 time move in a position in society which they were never fitted 

 to occupy, or who expect, when prices fall, to work upon the 

 sympathies of their landlords for a reduction of rent to suit the 

 altered times; or fools, who, without calculation, run and bid 

 extravagant rents because others do so. If landlords will choose 

 the highest bidders as their tenants, without regard to character, 

 they ought at least to hold them to their bargain, such a course 

 being the most consistent for themselves to follow, and ultimately 

 the most conducive to the general good, otherwise in such a 

 competition the man who honestly intends to fulfil his obligations 

 has no fair chance. It is to be hoped that a speedy and successful 

 termination of the war will introduce a better state of things, 

 and that the allied nations will commemorate their success by a 

 treaty recognising free commercial intercourse with each other 

 and inviting all nations to join in it who are willing to trade on 

 terms of mutual reciprocity. S. 



Farm near Hexham: Xov. 5.— The latter part of the month 



which has just closed has been cold, wet, and stormy, while the 



^arly part of it was fine, of which advantage was taken for lifting 



Potatoes, sowing Wheat on bare fallow, and cleaning fallows for 



next year. The Potato crop has been good, but with rather more 



small among them than usual from the check they received by 



the frost in September, and in some instances they are a little 



tainted. Enough of the corn crop has now been threshed to show 



that both in quantity and quality it is below an average. During 



the early part of the month we succeeded in making some pro- 



rress with the cleaning of our fallows, and the rains came very 



Keasonably tor enabling us to plough our Clover leas for Wheat. 



The weather however still continues broken, which rather 



hinders sowing. Cattle and sheep have all been on Turnips for 



some time, the former in the yards, and the latter on the fields. 



Our stocks are still turned out during the day, getting a feed of 



Turnips at night, and tops on the Grass during the day, not 



that we like the system, but to eke out our Turnips, which are 



rather a short crop, and bid fair to be very high priced ere the 



winter is over. 



DENCH, Patent Hothouse Works, 



:j# King's Road, Chelsea. 

 These Patent Horticultural Buildings are superior to all 

 others, wood being used for the frame work, but covered with 

 Galvanised Iron Sashes, with excellent strong glass, and all 

 completed for Is. 3d. per foot super. Hundreds of references 

 c an be give n, and P rinted Pric e L ists sent. 



HORTICULTURAL WORKS AND HOT-WATER 



APPARATUS MANUFACTORY, 

 Kensal Green, Harrow Road, London. 



JOHN TAYLOR and SON beg to call the attention 



*J of the nobility and gentry to the very superior manner in 

 which they Erect all kinds of Conservatories, Vineries, Green- 

 houses, &c, combining every improvement with elegance of 

 design, and durability of materials and workmanship. 



Their VENTILATING APPARATUS for the Fronts and 

 Roofs of Houses has given the highest satisfaction. Churches, 

 Chapels, Schools, Entrance Halls, Public Buildings, &c, heated 

 with Hot- Water Apparatus in a most economical and efficient 

 manner. J. T. & Son have great pleasure in referring to numbers 

 of the nobility and gentry by whom they are extensively engaged. 



BARTON'S PATENT SAFETY STABLE FITTIN^ 



AND ENAMELLED MANGERS. S ' 



PHIS is the Original Patent for Important lmr»r»* 



X menu i n Stahle Fittings, Hay-box, Manger, and WaterUro^k 



as one fixture, including: • 

 method surpassing all other* 

 for conveying the straps an.? 

 halter- weights to the back of 

 the fitting to prevent the horse 



!?■**■ « ** a ■ .- teing cast in the stall. Stablp 



Fittings of every description, plain, enamelled, or galvaniSf 

 Also the newly invented Loose Box Fittings, Surface Gutted 

 with moveable cover-plates, Stable Posts, llamps, Sills and on 

 kinds of Stable Furniture in stock. ' ' nd ^ 



James Barton, Iron Founder, &c. t 370, Oxford Street Laii<u. 

 ^v MANUFACTURER of KITK'S PATENT VFVr? 

 ■jg LATING and SMOKE-CURING CHIMNEY C\p£ 

 |1 patronised by her Most Gracious Maj. y (200 on Buck 

 ingham Palace). In use also on St. James's Pala»»" 

 Windsor Castle, Government Offices, &c. & c . Zinc' 

 30s. each ; cast iron 35*. each ; the latter as 'durable 

 as the building itself. Illustrations and testimonial* 

 forwarded on receipt of two postage stamps. AddrMa 

 Barton's Iron Works, 370, Oxford Street, Lon doni^ 



AT MR. MECHI'S ESTAB LIS~HMElfTS 

 112, Regent Street, 4, Leadenhall Street, and Crystal Palace 1 

 are exhibited the finest specimens of British manufactures in 

 Dressing Cases, Work-boxes, Writing Cases, Dressing Bags 

 and other articles of utility or luxury. A separate department 

 for Papier Mache* Manufactures and Bagatelle Tables. Table 

 Cutlery, Razors, Scissors, Penknives, Strops, Paste, &c. Shin- 

 ping orders executed. The same prices charged at all the 

 Establishments. 



|yj ETCALFE, BINGLEY, and C(VS OATMEAL 



w * and CAMPHOR SOAP, in tablets (registered Nov. 3 1854) 

 Price 6d. each. This soap will be found the purest and most 

 perfect winter soap ever introduced to the public. It preserves 

 the hands from chapping, and renders the skin soft and agree- 

 able.— Sold wholesale and retail by the inventors and sole manu- 

 facturers, Metcalfe, Bingley, & Co., Brushmakers and Per- 

 fumers to H.R.H. Prince Albert, 130b and 131, Oxford Street. 



Caution.— To prevent fraud, each tablet bears the registered 

 mark and the names and address of the inventors, as above. 



Metcalfe's ALKALINE TOOTH PO WD ER, 2s. per box.- 

 The above may be obtained of most respectable Chemists, Per- 

 fumers, &c. 



LANDSCAPE GARDENING, 





COMBINING ALL THE MODERN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION. BUILDING 

 HEATING, and VENTILATING HOT-HOUSES, CONSERVATORIES, PINE PITS, and every other 

 kind of Garden structure, by a practical Gardener and Horticultural Builder of 25 years' experience as Head 

 Gardener to his Grace the late Ddke op Northumberland, at Syon House, and her Majesty's Royal Gardens, 

 Windsor, Kew, &c. Designs and estimates furnished for Garden establishments. Every description of 

 Horticultural Erections, Churches, and other public and private buildings effectually warmed and ventilated, and 

 the success guaranteed, by a newly invented corrugated and perforated boiler and heating apparatus on application to 



J. W. THOMSON, F.L.H.S., Hothouse Builder, Landscape Gardener, and 

 Garden Architect, Exotic Nursery, King Street, Hammersmith. 



NEW PATENT INVENTIONS FOR STABLE REQUISITES 



fr 



S 



~<~<- 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Clay BnRsmro: "B" would very much oblige many inquiring 

 correspondents if he would be kind enough to describe the 

 •method of burning the clay, by which he effected so great an im- 

 provement in his land. 



Coal-ash: D S. Coals vary exceedingly in the quantity of ash 

 they contain, and they cannot be classified as containing much 

 or little respectively, according to the designation you specify : 

 for north country coals vary between 2 and 10 per cent, New- 

 castle coals between 2 audi), Lancashire coals between 2 and 11, 

 and \\elsh coals between 1} and 10-the differences being 

 awarding to the pnrticular bed or mine from which the speci- 



SfJit hnr^ e £ i C ^\T h is g*™™"7 «° mixed with imper- 

 fectly burned material, that it is to be considered useful chiefly 

 for if s influence on the texture of the soil 



Dbaining with Prat: Amherley WeM. Mr. Smith, of Deanston, 

 used Peats cut with a curved spade, so that the successive spits 

 when dried bHcame horse-slmo tiles fit for use 



T t M u? SuPKRpnofiPHATE of Lim* ; Cor. Place 5 cwts. for 12 



bushels bones) on an earthen floor, surrounded by a rim of 



ashes; pour on as much water as the bones will 8 ,/ c k up, and 



then pour on 2 cwts. of sulphuric acid; it will boil somewhat 



.lently for a while ; when this has subsided it will get toier- 



sKSi^W^Sf" 1 ft i ! m * T * hovelled »P together, 

 and will be tit for drilling m a day or two. 



C 



H 



COTTAM AND 



HALLEN 



*I?K m lNDwr T ^ Invention of PATENT ENAMELLED MANGER 



BACK AND WATER TROUGH AT ONE FIXTURE, the main features of which are shown in the above engraving. 

 A represents the Patent Halter Guide and Collar Rein, the ball 

 of which is taken to the back of the manger, works with ease and 

 freedom up or down the guide bar, and is noiseless in its opera- 

 tion, as also a sure preventative against the most restive horse 

 being cast in the stall. 



or mixing with the food in the manger, is alone sufficient to claim 

 general notice. 



C The Seed Box detached, made of Galvanised Sheet Iron, 

 light and durable. ta 



O The Patent Saddle and Harness Bracket combined, can oe 

 used with great advantage in Harness Rooms, where space is a 

 object, as the long portion of the bracket can be turned up out o 

 the way when not in ui 





B The Patent Portable Seed Box can be instantlv detached 

 from the Rack without disturbing the hay. The savfng of the 

 seed in a clean and useful state, either for agricultural purposes, 



COTTAM'S MANGERS are constructed In^nebesFpossible "manner, both as to form and 

 Qtility, are cleanly in appearance, durable, and impervious to infection; manufactured Plain, 

 Galvanised, or Enamelled. 



Improved Stable Guttering, with moveable safety covers, Sanitary Traps, Stable Pumps, Double Corner Mangers, 

 Harnexs-room Appendages, and every article in Stable Furniture. Chaff Cutters and Oat Bruisers, kept m show at 



COTTAM & HALLEN'S WORKS, 2, Winsley Street, Oxford Street, London. 



WARMING AND VENTILATlNG.-IWipwv: Catalogues and Estimates on application. 



