770 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



anceps, 51. \0s. ; Oncidium Lanceamim, stated u to be 

 the finest specimen of the kind in cultivation/' 16/.; 

 O. phvmatochilum, 51. 5s.; O. ampliatum majus, 51. 5s.; 

 Cattleya Mossise, 10/.; C. Quindios, 8/.; C. Skinneri, 

 87. 10*.; Angrcecum caudatum, 10/.; A. bilobum, 

 8/. 15s. ; Trichopilia suavis, 9/.; T. tortilis, 71. 10s. ; Den- 

 drobium formosum, 8/. 15s.; D. monilitorme, 41. ; L). d<~n- 

 siflorum, 4/. ; D. nobile, 3/. 15s. ; Ccelogyne Lowi,6/.10s.; 

 Miltonia Candida graudiflora, 11/. 10s. ; M, specta- 

 bilis, 61. ; Galeandra Baueri, 61. 15s. ; G. Devoniana, 61. 1 5s. ; 

 Cypripediumbarbaturn,5/. 1 5s.; Paphiniacristata,4/ 15s.; 

 JEpideudrum bicornutum, 3Z. 10s.; Cycnoches barbatum, 

 ZL 15s. ; Odontoglossum citrosmum, 51. \5s. ; O. grande, 

 ,3/. 3s. ; Sophronitis grand iflora, 51. ; Calanthe vestita, 

 the crimson-eyed variety, 21. ; C. veratrifolia, 3/. 10s. ; 

 Ly caste Skinneri, 3/. ; Scuticuria Steeli, 3/. 15s. ; Chvsis 

 aurea grandiflora, 3/. ; Schomburgkia tibicinis, 3/. 5s. 

 Other lot9, of which there were in all 270, fetched from 

 11. to 3/. per lot. 



[Nov, 24, 





the foliage will soon be attacked and disfigured 



Calendar of Operations. 



{For the ensuing week.) 



fcLANT DEPARTMENT. 

 Conservatory, &ti.— Chrysanthemums will, in most 

 instances, be the great attraction here at present, and 

 where these are largely grown, which they should be 

 wherever there is a demand for flowers at this season, 

 they make a fine display and are worth every necessary 

 attention in order to preserve them in beauty as long 

 as possible. They are very impatient of a close rather 

 warm atmosphere, and if the house contains plants 

 requiring this treatment the Chrysanthemums should, as 

 far as practicable, be placed in the coolest part where 

 air can be given freely on every favourable opportunity; 

 for except they can be rather freely exposed to the air 



by 

 mildew, especially if the plants are well grown bushy 

 specimens. Also see that they are never allowed to feel 

 the want of water at the root. Use fire-heat here only 

 when absolutely necessary either to keep the temperature 

 from sinking too low or to dry the atmosphere. Attend 

 "to former directions, endeavouring to have everything 

 neat and clean, and to set off the plants in bloom to the 

 greatest advantage. Greenhouse. — If not already done 

 .get all the specimens neatly tied and arranged with the 

 -least possible less of time, for even well grown plants 

 no great ornaments in a house unless they are kept 

 trim and orderly, and this cannot he done, save in the 

 case of few plants, without staking. Endeavour, how- 

 ever, to do this work neatly, so that the stakes may not 

 be conspicuous ; and it is always a sign of bad work- 

 manship or something worse — bad culture — when the 

 stakes necessary to keep a specimen in form are at all 

 conspicuous. Ericas, or indeed any other plants re- 

 quiring more pot room, may be shitted as safely now, 

 perhaps, as at any other season, and notwithstanding 

 the prejudice which exists nenerally against repotting 

 hard- wooded plants during the dormant season, most of 

 these may be shifted now with perfect safety, but care 

 must be exercised so as to have the ball and soil in the 

 right state as to moisture at the time of repotting, and 

 also in the application of water during the winter. 

 But we do not recommend shifting; plants at this season, 

 unless they are suffering through the want of pot room, 

 and there can be no doubt that a plant, the roots of 

 which can strike into fresdi soil and accumulate food 

 during the winter will flower more strongly, or start into 

 growth more vigorously in spring than if it had been 

 starved for want of pot room until close upon its time of 

 flowering or starting into growth, and the advantage of 

 getting large specimens repotted when the outside stakes 

 can be removed and the under branches ti^d out of the 

 way without any unnecessary labour, is worth considera- 

 tion. Look carefully after the Leschenaultias, and other 

 tender things which are particularly liable to suffer from 

 damp at this season, and endeavour to protect them from 

 drip, and to afford them a sufficiently dry atmosphere, 

 to prevent their being injured. Attend to former direc- 

 tions as to watering, withholding it until it is really 

 wanted, and then giving a good soaking, for there is no 

 more certain means of ruining plants than injudicious 



Give air freely whenever the 

 weather is mild, but avoid letting cold easterly drying 

 winds blow over the plants, especially in the case of things 

 which have not well ripened their wood. Soft wooded 

 plants, as Geraniums, Cinerarias, Calceolarias, &c, if 

 they must be wintered in the same house with Heaths 

 and other hard-wooded greenhouse plants, should be 

 kept as much by themselves as possible, as they will 

 require a somewhat closer temperature than the hard- 

 wooded plants ; but where circumstances admit, these 

 should occupy a house or pit by themselves. Cinerarias 

 and Geraniums intended for late flowering will do very 

 well in a cold pit until severe weather sets in ; but those 

 intended for flowering early should be placed at once 

 where fire-heat can be used at will, so as to be able to 

 preserve the foliage from damp, &c. Roses for early 

 forcing should be pruned by this time, and placed where 

 they will at least be safe from heavy rains. Where 

 American and other shrubs are used for forcing, these 

 should be taken up and potted at once, placing them in j f or 

 a cold pit until they are wanted for forcing, or a turf 

 pit where they can be protected from severe weather 

 by straw shutters, or any other covering will do. 



fore, the young stock should be kept quiet for some time 

 to come, using no more fire-heat than may be necessary 

 to maintain the temperature at about 60°, givrng suf- 

 ficient air to keep the atmosphere rather dry, so as to 

 prevent weakly growth, and carry the plants over the 

 winter in a strong stocky state. Take every possible 

 care of the roots, however, maintaining a regular 

 bottom-heat of about 75°, and keeping the soil about 

 the roots rather dry, but do not allow it to become un- 

 healthily so, as is often done, under the mistaken idea 

 that this is necessary to properly ripen the seasou's 

 growth. If the plants are expected to make vigorous 

 growth in spring, the roots must be well cared 

 for during the winter, keeping them in a healthy 

 state by careful watering and a moderate tempe- 

 rature, for although Pines are, perhaps, the most 

 accommodating plants with which we have to do they 

 are often injured by bad treatment in winter. Let the 

 same attention be paid to the watering of these which 

 is bestowed upon stove plants generally, withholding it 

 until it is absolutely necessary, and then giving sufficient 

 to thoroughly moisten the whole of the soil, and with 

 proper attention to the temperature of the atmosphere 

 and soil, the plants will be in first-rate condition 

 for making rapid and vigorous growth in spring. 

 Vineries. — Where ripe Grapes are wanted early in 

 spring, forcing must be commenced at once. Attend to 

 former directions, and endeavour to get the root action 

 a little in advance of the top ; also secure plenty of 

 moisture in the atmosphere, either by means of a bed 

 of fermenting materials inside the house, or in some 

 other more convenient manner, for there will be no 

 moving Vines at the present season without a thoroughly 

 moist atmosphere, particularly those that have not been 

 started so early formerly. If the roots are outside the 

 house the border must be well protected from the 

 weather by means of wooden shutters or some other con- 

 trivance, and a little warmth must also be communi- 

 cated to the soil. This is best done by having the border 

 chambered, and hot water pipes under, which is doubt- 

 but, 



in the absence of this, fermenting materials must be 

 used. Let these be covered with something to throw off 

 wet, and keep the fermentation as steady as possible. 

 Do not exceed 50° at night by fire heat, raising it about 

 10° during the day, and with sun-heat an increase of 

 20° may be allowed. Figs. — Keep trees that have 

 ripened their wood cool and airy, but do not expose 

 them to frost, particularly where the future crop is 

 visible. Get the trees thoroughly cleaned and painted, 

 and the house put in readiness for forcing by the time 

 when it may be wanted. 



FLOWER GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



If not already done, get the planting of the beds with 



their winter and spring occupants finished as soon as 



possible, in order to give the plants the advantage of any 



chance which may still remain of making a few active 



roots before severe weather sets in. Also take advantage 



of dry days to clean and trim up shrubbery borders and 



American beds, &c, for the winter. If it is intended to 



transplant any of the shrubs, or to make any alterations, 



get this done first, so as to avoid having to tread upon 



ana disfigure the ground after having put it in order for 



the winter. Avoid deep digging among the roots of 



shrubs, unless it is desirable to check their growth, and 



where the plants are well established, digging amongst 



them should be confined to the ground seen from the 



walks, and this should be dug very lightly, merely 



loosening the surface soil so as to give it a fresh neat 



appearance. Where the soil is not very suitable for 



Rhododendrons and other American plants a good dre-s- 



ing of leaf-soil mixed with thoroughly rotten manure 



will be of great service to these ; and any unhealthy 



plants should be taken up, and the ground well prepared 



by mixing a liberal quantity of the compost with the 



soil where it is to be planted, which will be a more 



effectual cure than surface dressings. Rose stocks 



should be procured and planted at once, and where it is 



intended to remove the tender kinds of Roses to some 



put into cold frames or turf pits where they cau h 



.. «, • . - . . Gutters or 



some other efficient covering ; also see to securing 



pui **ilv wv-i* ******i^o ui lint ^ii>o wut;rtJ liiey 



protected from frost by means of strayr shutt 



n< 



good supply of Endiv* for winter use. Cauliflower's 

 coming in must be frequently examined, and thop- 

 wanted for use should be taken up and stored nm 

 wanted, for these cannot be safely trusted to the weather 

 after this season. Take advantage of frosty niorninirs 

 to get manure wheeled on where it is wanted and oS 

 all spare ground trenched and ridged up as'soon^s 

 possible. 



STATE OF THE WEATHER AT CH1SWICK, NEAR LONDON 

 For the week ending Nov. 22, 1855. as observed at the Horticultural Gard 



| (fi.MPKttvr iIKh 



IV'ov. 



■? 



W 



Friday Ifi 

 Sarur. 17 

 Sunday Id 

 Mon.. 19 

 Tues. 20 

 Wed. 2i 

 Thurs 23 13 



Avrag-e 



a 



r 

 8 

 9 



It 

 11 

 12 



BlBOMKTia. 



ax. 



30.234 

 30.223 



30.171 



30.069 



30.C 03 



2y.Ss9 

 29.S2S 



30.059 



Min. 



30. is; 



3'.lS'i 



30. 1 fiO 

 XO.i'lO 



29.^71 

 29.835 

 29.784 



Ol ttn* Air. 



Max. Min. 



47 

 47 

 47 

 47 



44 

 43 

 42 



27 

 42 



39 

 88 



37 

 36 



27 



Of the Eart».I Wiat | i 



30.0 4i.3 ' 35.1 



Mean 



37.0 



44.5 



-.3.0 

 42.5 

 40.5 

 39.5 

 34.5 



i loot 

 deep. 



47 



is 



45i! 

 4) 



44 



4,3 



2teei 

 deep. 



43 

 48 



9 



47 

 47 



47 



3 



40.2 I 45.8 47.3 



S.W. 



N-.E. 



N.B. 



E. 



NK. 



M. 



.00 

 M 



ft 



5 



-Nov. 16— Dense t'ox ; foggy ; cloudy; frosty at night. 



— 17 — Fine; cloudy throughout. 



— 18— Hazy; cloudy; rain at night. 



— 19-Kain; drizzly. 



— 20— Slight ram; drizz'y with easterly haze; fine. 



— I'l— Overcast and cold ; drizzly 



— 22— Drizzly; overcast; line at night. 



Mean temperature of the week 1$ de£. below the average. 



RECORD OF THE WEATHER AT CH1SW1CK. 

 During the last 29 years, for the ensuing week, ending Dec. 1,1855. 



Nov. 

 and Dec, 



Sunday 25 



Mon. 



Tues. 



Wed. 



Thurs. 



Friday 



Satur. 



26 



27 

 28 



2y 



30 



1 



less the most economical arrangement in the end 





ss£ 





No. of 



Years in J 

 which ir 

 Rained. 



i 

 Greatest j 



Prevailing Wi 



nd 











5Sr- 



Quantity 

 of Rain. 



• 



• 



• 



2: 



3 



• 



to 



i 



■ 

 • 





46.3 



31.4 



39.8 



15 



0.34 in. 



4 



3 



3 



3 



4 



"7 all 



45.8 



3-VJ 



398 



14 



O.70 



I 



3 



6 j 311 



1 



3 



46 2 



8S.0 



4(1.6 



12 



0.SS 



1 



3 



41; 4 9 



4 



% 



4*0 



36.1 



42.0 



15 



1.S] 



2 



2 



2. a! 8 .s 



* 







3 



47 9 



34.S 



41.4 



16 



0.5S 



3 



1 4 3 4 10 3 



1 



4".7 



36.2 



424 



17 



0.31 



2 3 13 3 9 6 





•48.5 1 



36.3 



■42.4 



U 



0.25 



1 2 2 4 



3 



m 

 1 



9 





The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 28tln 

 1328— therm. 6j deg. ; and th*" low«»*t on the 29th, 1846— therm. 16deg. 





watering at this season. 



Pineries. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



The amount of 1 ht is now insufficient to 



allow of obtaining anything like healthy vigorous growth 

 in even the best heated and ventilated houses, and, there- 



sheltered situation, tnis had also better be done soon. 

 The hardier kinds may be procured from the nursery 

 and planted, and the sooner these are had in the better 

 the chance will be of getting good plants. In planting 

 standards let these be staked at once, for this kind of 

 work, when once left, is sometimes neglected until the 

 plants suffer. Roll lawns frequently, to keep the 

 surface hard and smooth, and prevent the Grass getting 

 covered with worm casts. Gravel walks will also 

 require the same attention. 



HARDY FRUIT AND KITCHEN GARDEN. 



Any planting of young trees, or removing of others 

 which may yet remain to be done, should be proceeded 

 with as expeditiously as possible, for the sooner this 

 kind of work is finished for the season the less trouble 

 will be required in watering next spring and summer. 

 Pruning and nailing should now be expeditiously pro- 

 ceeded with every fine day, if at the expense of de- 

 laying some of the other worl; which can be done with 

 less discomfort in any state of the weather than nailing, 

 for it is most important to get this work done when 

 the weather is mild. Nailing i 8 a cold enough job 



winter's day, hut to° 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Atropa Maxdragora : A B C. The roots of this are a powerful 

 narcotic poison, acting as aa anaesthetic, like chloroform, in 



small doses* 

 Books: Tyro. Neill's Flower, Fruit, and Kitchen Garden may 



pussihly answer your purpose.} 

 BstCH TMM : J. 'Mathison. These and Spruce Firs may be re- 

 moved, although they are 10 or 12 feet high, if proper precau- 

 tions are taken ; not, however, if they are to be packed and 

 sent to a distance, subject to all the accidents of remaining 

 long out of the ground. In all such cases the expense is greater 

 than the result justifies, except where some special object is 

 in view j nor is anything reallv gained, for younger trees will 

 soon overtake the old ones. The Winter garden is published 

 by Iiradbury & Evans. Yon must romember that Beech trees 



are amonir the most difficult to remove. 

 Cucumber Pit: T P. Rough stable dung well mixed with leaves 



and thrown into a heap to heat for a few days before you in- 

 troduce it into your pit will answer perfectly. You can easily 

 keep it moist near the flue by watering it occasionally wben it 

 appears to be getting too dry. It will be less likely to 



harbour insects and fungi than tan .% , + 



DIOSCORHA: J. Anv respectable nurseryman can now supply h+ 



Hkmitilia: J R. We will make inquiry ami send yon word. 



N Allies of Plants : We have been so often obliged to reluctam 

 decline naming heaps of dried or other plants, that we ventine 

 to request our correspondents to recollect that we never ni« 

 or coul 1 have undertaken an unlimited duty °f ««*"£■ 

 Young gardeners, to whom these remarks more especiauyappy, 

 should hear in mind that, before applying to us tor afsisttnw, 

 they should exhaust their other means of gaining mtoi tmiw >_ 

 Wi? cannot save them the trouble of examining and tflin ^ 

 for themselves; nor would it be desirable it we could, aii- 

 can do is to help them- and that most willingly, it ■ » » 

 requested that, in future, not more than four plants may 

 sent us at one t\me.—Doz. Tradescantia axillans. 



its beautiful stupose filaments. ,, %r n m\ntr- 



Names of Fruits : J C W. 1, Manks Codlin ; 2, Hoary Morning : , 

 3,Brad<lick T s Nonpareil; 4, Ben rre Diel;5, l'asse Co mjr, • 

 de Motte ; 7, Winter Bon Chretien : 8, Chaumontel 5J"J of 

 Beauty; 10, 1 1 aeon's Incomparable; 11, Ry raer i3 VnnarA- 



Wick.- W G. 2, Bedfordshire Foundling; 1, Knight tiw iawj 



3, Marie Louise; 4, Napoleon; 9, Beurre D ^ , '~ J " t ^ode of 

 long-keeping dessert Apple is not known. Y <>ur best 

 propagating from the tree is to take off cuttings "}«ianu /< 

 put their ends in the earth till March, and then wmp-5":;? 



Qhserre 



stocks. 



get a nurseryman to do it for you on propei 



W D S. 1, Pearson's Plate; 2,4, Scarlet Noopareiir. V g 



Cockle Pippin; 6, Wyken Pippin; 7, Yellow I^ eri 

 Duchesse d'Angouleme ; 9, Brown Beurre ; lu, ««*» k 



(stewingj ; 12, Pa<se Colmar; 13, Winter Nelis; w. " 

 Ranee; 15, Beurre* Diel; 16, Old Colmar.— W ^ n( l rp ' Ct(A ^ 

 Fig appears to be the Pdack Marseilles.— Rudolph^ \_. n . 



tillae; 8, Beurre Diel; 9, Napoleon; It, Ias ^ 18 ft 

 12. Bequesne MusqiU? ; 13, Ai m.n Colmar; 1J>. '^ 

 Vicar of Winkfield; 22, Kouse Lench; 'A Fon ^ g . 



tomne; 24, Doyenne Blanc ; 25, Downton ; 

 reii; 28. Wormsley Pippin; 29, Minchal Crab; 



Ross 

 30, 



M argil; 

 34, 



even 



warm 



turn 



of the workmen. 



Look over the fruit stores frequently 

 to see that all is keeping well, and re ve any tainted 

 with disease so as to prevent the mischief from spread 



ing, A good stock of the Lettuces fit for use should be 



32, Hollow-crowned Pippin; 33, Adams s Pearm* » 

 Lemon Pippin; 35, Royal Busset y . AfrM A so as 



Plantation-six Wales: R T Sow Furze to wind^,^ 

 to get early she'ter, and plant the land with P in ' 13 j^l. 

 Pin tster, Evergreen Oaks, Larch*-. Sycamores, *.»«. forthfl 

 If Laricio Pines can be easily had they rate" 1 . 1 * J^l ngr be 

 sake of the rapidity of their growth. L nch -rw oou ^ 

 formed with Tamarisks, Broom, Hollies, and M™" 

 The other question is sent to the Agricultural *fiior. ^ 



Plums: A R. The Blue Imperatriee will succeed peri** 

 on a north wall in the east of Suffolk. £ , me quit* 



Qitfrc sessiliflora : Qu'tcus. Jt and its vane ties 



true frrnn seed. We speak from personal knAW ' e f , : h at he & 



Tan : A correspondent at Halsall, Ormskirk, writes m 

 get no tan because " they dry it and grind it for some f 



and shrivelled exactly like many others of the **™*J d \ n the 

 season, probably owing to the coldness oi the gr i bea 



early part of the season. 1 1 is a sort that ^1"*™* ld De W 

 than most others do. At the time of setting n\ »» °" t rfof 

 at a high temperati —75° or 80° at least l« » ^ w »»f 

 means to keep the roots above the level of tn ® 8 "*£ mU5 t a* 

 of the po^ * u the vicinity of your border; and you €ll tiD'* 

 endeavour to keep the latter warm by plenty oi 

 materials. The Apple is not known.) 



Can anv MM inform us what that purpose is? 

 Vines: M N. Your white Muscats of Alexandn 





