

Nov. 24, 1855.] 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 



/ / 1 



p 



description of Artificial Manures, Linseed Cakes, _c. 



Wm. Inglts Carne, 10, Mark Lane, London. 



cry 



i 



SMITHFIELO SHOa, 1855. 



HiTfOLLOWING MANURES are manufactured 



at Mr. L awes' Factory, Deptford Creek:— Turnip Manure, 

 7?. per ton; Superphosphate of Lime, 71. ; Sulphuric Acid and 

 Cojtrolites, 61.— Office, 69, King William Street, City, London. 



N.B. Genuine Peruvian Guano, guaranteed to contain 16 per 

 cent, of ammonia. Nitrate of Soda, Sulphate of Ammonia, and 

 other Chemical Manures. _ 



r^HE LONDON MANURE COMPANY'S NITRO- 



1 PHOSPHATE OR WHEAT MANURE FOR AUTUMN 

 SOWING. — This Manure, composed of hlood, animal matter, 

 tmd dissolved bones with silicates, is most strongly recommended 

 to the notice of Agriculturists, It contains from 7 to 8 per cent, 

 of nitrogen, in a form yielding ammonia by slow decomposition, 

 and is therefore particularly adapted for Wheat. The quantity 

 required is 2 to 3 cwt. per acre drilled in with the seed. Price, 

 per ton, 71. 105. in London. 



PERUVIAN GUANO, FISHERY SALT, and every other 

 MANURE on best terms, strictly warranted. 

 40, B ridge Street, Black friars. E. Purser, Sec. 



ARTIFICIAL MANURES, &c._ Manufacturers and 

 others engaged in making ARTIFICIAL M AN URLS may 

 obtain every necessary instruction for their economical and 

 efficient preparation, by applying to J. C. Nesbit, F.G.S., &c, 

 Principal of the Agricultural and Chemical College, Kennington, 

 London. Analyses of Soils, Guanos, Superphosphates of Lime, 

 Coprolites, &c, and Assays of Gold, Silver, and other Minerals, 

 are executed with accuracy and dispatch. Gentlemen desirous 

 of receiving instructions in Chemical Analyses and Assaying, 

 will find ample facility and accommodation at the College. 



DRAINING BY STEAM POWER. 



JOHN FOWLER is prepared to undertake Contracts 

 for DRAINING LAND by his PATENT STEAM PLOUGH, 

 tit prices vary ing, according to depth and distance, from SI. to 5/. 10s. 

 per acre, inclusive of tiles, main drains, and all other expenses. 

 Contracts executed with great rapidity, and tiles manufactured 

 on the s pot, where suitable clay exists. — T em ple Gate, Bristol. 



DRAINAGE OF LANO. 



MR. J. JOHNSON, Drainage Engineer, is desirous 

 to undertake the Drainage of Land by Contract or Com- 

 mission. Temporary Tileries erected in any part of England, 

 and Drain Pipes manufactured at moderate prices. Every descrip- 

 tio n of Drainag e Tool s.— Abingdon street. Westminster. 



" D R A IN AGE 



ENGINE, and that by the Engine of Messrs. Uomaby, of 

 rai.tham, at the Carlisle -Meeting of the Royal Agricultural 

 Society, in July last, with Four; i founds of Coals to the horse- 

 power, was — 



Tuxford & SON'S 3 hours and 47 minutes. 



Homsby&Son 8 hours and 54 minutes. 



At the North Lincolnshire Society's Meeting, St to on. in 



August tftst, T uximrds' and Honwbya' Engines again came into 



competition, when llornsbys' was again k*tt a long way behind. 

 With 14 lbs. of a very interior kind of Oal, the time run was— 



Tixford & S»>xs 3 hours end 8 minutes. 



Hornsby _ Son 2 hours and 43 minutes. 



And had the testing apparatus which had been supplied to the 

 Society from Grantham, not indicated the steam pressure falsely 

 by several pounds on the inch, the difference would have shown 

 fully twice as much to the advanta f ToXFOfto's l.n-ine. 



At the recent trials of Threshing Machines at the Paris Uni- 

 versal Exhibition, M. Treses, the G<»\ em merit Engineer, employed 

 as the motive power one ot Tuxfoed's Portable _ngines that had 

 previously been purchased bv the trench Government 



Tbe Combined Threshings Shaking, an* Dressing Msclili of 



Ti'XFORn ik Sons was highly commended this var hy the l: al 

 Society at Carlisle, the Bath and Wert of England Society at 



Tiverton, _c. I 



Illustrated Catalogues, with prices, forward, d on application 



to Tuxf ki> _ Son*. Engineers, Boston, Lincolnshire. 



Scotland will »< :« be puMi t in «»*!• Man 

 English report in like manner * en now forthcoming 

 of what imtnenis value it would be to the country 

 as a guide to the most important tiade and interest 



it po ^se* ! 





c a u t t o N. 

 l)AKKES' STEEL DIGGING 



I DRAINING TOOLS. 



Whereas very inferior descriptions ot Steel Dipping Forks are 

 now manufactured and sold, and 1 have been inform* d that pur- 

 chasers nt the same have believed them to he the name as th<Mf 

 manufactured by me, and to which the Koyal Agricultural icietj 

 and numerous Agricultural Societies* prises have been 



The Turnip in it- wild state is an annual plant 

 with ;t disposition to a btlboid method of growth. 

 In cultivaiion y however, it bee met strict 1> biennial, 

 and by the u^e of manure and a ehangt of circum- 

 staBcet from its origins! wild sea-side habit an 

 augment. 1 bulb U the result of the fi? year's 

 growth, from and at the _xptntt of which the stem 



and its appends in I lowers, and ultimately 



seeds are produced during the so id year, 'his 

 biennial habit it isneces*a f to mai tin by (1 | cars 

 ful cultivation of • . 2) due \ ration of '1 mnip- 

 land, and (3) sowing at piopsr time, or the plant 

 will have a tssdsi >• to inn, that it, to r the first 



year — a sign that it isdtgsnerat to its original 

 wild condition. Nov. a* rsgard* the three joints 

 just named, it may I . at the biennial habit 



for sssd 



FORKS AND is much confirmed by storing the sj>eci 



and replanting afterwards ; in the pro] atioti of the 



land everything that forms a diffeient : vie of living 



from its sea-side parent, such as preparing he land 



with manure and ths sdopt »nof the usual proc sea 



I "^reby respectinny in.orm .he public that ,ve,y Fork man, • of cultivation, are all hk. >o many elements n. ivflte- 



tured oy me is stamped with mv trade mark •'.!. 1*.," and that 

 Messrs. Bttrokss & Key, of No. 103. Newgate Street. 1. n, are 

 my sole Wholesale Ageuts, and 1 have authorised them to re- 

 place to the purchaser every Fork of my manufacture found 

 defective; they will also on application send Wholesale and 

 Ketail Price Lists, „c, post free. F»a*C18 Parkf.* «v. Co. 



/iOLLEGEofAGKICULTUREandCHKMISTRY, 



VJ and of PRACTICAL and GENERAL SCIENCE, 87 snd 



Lower Kennington Lane, Kennington, near London. 



Principal— J. C. Nesbit, F.G.S.. F.C.S., i^c. 



OF LAND, BOGS, ETC. 



HUMBERT, of Watford, Herts, supported 



hy unquestionable references and testimonials, offers his 

 services to proprietors about to execute works of drainage, which 

 he will undertake personally to layout and superintend, and to 

 supply the forms and attendances necessary to obtain the 

 certificate of the Inclosure Commissioners where such is re- 

 quired, at a charge of 55. per acre and his travelling expenses; 

 or he will contract to perform the whole work to the satisfaction 

 of the Commissioners at a fixed price per acre. Mr. Humbert 

 (having been more th>_ 15 years established in business as a 

 Surveyor and Land Agent) has found that wet heavy soils can 

 be usually, carefully, and thoroughly drained, with pipes 4 feet 

 -deep, at 41. per acr* and upwards, »ncl<siv* of every exp ense. 



OWNERS OF SETTLED ESTATES and OTHERS 



^J desirous of availing themselves f the various recent Acts 

 of Parliament, by which they may charge their Estates with 

 money expended in the Improvement, Conversion, and Reclama- 

 tion of Land, by Drainage, Irrigation, Embanking, Inclosing, 

 making Farm-roads, Clearing, the erection of larin-binldings 

 .and Machinery, Planting and other Agricultural Improvements, 

 are respectfully informed that Messrs. 11 rvitt Davis & I kancib 

 Vigers undertake to advise and furnish Plans and Estimates, 

 and if required, will contract to do the works, and dispose ot the 

 Rent chaT g.s^^JredenckjJPlace, Old Jewry. Lond-n. 



T'HE GENERAL LAND DRAINAGE AND 1M- 



X PKOVEMENT COMPANY 



Offices, 52, Parliament Street, London. 

 HSNRt KBB Seymeb, Esq., M.P., Chairman. 

 Sir John V. Shelley, Bart., M.P., Deputy-Chairman. 

 George T. Clark, Esq. William Fisher llobbs, Lsq 



John C. Cobbold, Esq., M.P. Edward J. Hutchins, Esq., M.P. 



Sir William Cubitt, F.R.S. Sir Samuel Morton Peto, Bart. 



Henry Currie, Esq. William Tite, Esq. M.P. 



Thomas Edward Dicey, Esq. I William Wilshere, Esq. 



1 This Company is incorporated hy Act ot Parliament to faci- 

 litate the Drainage of Land, the Making of Roads, the Erection 

 of Farm Buildings, and other Improvements on all descriptions ot 

 Property, wherher held in fee, or under entail, mortgage, in trust, 

 •or as ecclesiastical, or Collegiate Property. 



2. In no case is any investigation of Title necessary. 

 3 The Works may be designed and executed by the Land- 

 owner or his Agents, independently of the Company's officers, or 

 he may elect wherher he will employ their staff. Equal faci- 

 lities WILL BE AFFORDED IN EITHER CASE. 



4. The whole cost of the works and expenses wi 1, in all cases, 



be charged on the Lands improved, to be repaid by half-yearly 



"Instalments. , __ ., T , 



5. The term of such charge may be fixed by the Landowner 

 and extended to fifty years for Land Improvements and 

 thirty-one years for Farm Buildings, w hereby the instalments 

 will be kept within such a f.dr percentage as the occupiers of the 

 improved Land senn afford to pay. Willi am Clu KOBtxjec^ 



THE LANDS IMPROVEMENT COMPANY.— 



-I Incorporated by Act of Parliament, 1852-53, for England 

 •and Scotland, and further empowered by Am £ n « imeu / j)* • 

 1854-55. To Landowners, the Clergy, Solicitors, Estate Agent,, 

 Surveyors, Ac, Tenants for Life, Trustees, Owners in Fee In- 

 cumbents of Livings, Bodies Corporate; Lessees for Lives 

 renewable, or for a ?erm of more than 25 years; (and Lessees 

 tor Lives not renewable, or for a term less than 2a years 



with consent of their Lessor), &c, are enabled, by ^jfj^ 

 _r ♦! "• w ~ ***«;*• - trn funds, to execute ana 



2_tf 25 yeTrs, » wiig capful and interest, *^£*™T 

 landed Improvement, especially of Drwiwge, Irrigation V arping, 

 Embanking from the Sea, from Lakes, >^«™»™' 

 Inclosing any Land, or improving Dra.ns. B**-™^.^*^ 

 «onrses, Reclamation, Farm Roads, Clear. ng, Erection of tarn- 

 houses 'and other Buildings required for farm P«ri™». »" d ^ 

 Improvement of and Additions to Farm Houmo, and oth i B« nW 

 ings for Farm purposes already erected ; Planting lor hheitei 

 and for Periodical Cuttin gs, Jetties or Landing Places o 1 1 he ^ea 

 Coast or on the banks of navigable llivers or Lakes in »1 ■ t ^ ll.g 

 lands and Islands of Scotland ; Engines and Machinuy tor 

 Drainage, Engine-houses for Farm Steadings, &cWater-wheeK 

 Tanks, P pes Water-courses, Bridges, bluices, &c. I he Plans 

 of Building; Specifications ind estimates are P^P«™«» «V ' • 

 Applicant's own ^Agents and are submitted to »W*2 

 Inclosure Commissioners' Inspectors who are also , the .sole jn dges 

 of the due execution of the works. Proprietors may •M**™' 

 for the execution of Improvements niutnaUy beneh.-K.l-Micl. as 

 a common Outfall-Roads through the D'^rict-^V f tor po* er 

 *c The Directors wish it to be understood that the , Un pany s 

 of a strictly commercial character, and that the detaUaol tM 

 Plans and of the execution of the Works are not taterfewd I wun 

 by them, but are controlled by the Landowner and . b >' ,h £. l , " f 

 aure Commis-Hioners. For further information and for tonus i 01 

 Application, apply to the Honourable William Napikr, Manag 

 Ing Director, 2, Old Palace Yard, Westminster. 



tion— they destroy or elabora' Uie u*l condi- 



tion. A- regards tl^ proper tinv to sow the seed, 

 this is a mailer which depeodi much on rlimate, for 

 if in a dry warm climate we w>« Turnips , vety eaily 

 they have a great tend-ney to run; white, 1: it bo 

 cold and mo . earlier sowing can and "light to be 



adopted. 



Now if we examine a Turnip that has run in 



it, to 



le>- 



Analyses and Assays ot every description uro V imu\>u r «»« 

 accurately executed at tbe College. The terms and other par- 

 ticu larsmav he ha d on ap nlication to tbe Principal. 



'HK BIRMINGHAM CATTLE AM) POULTRY 



SHOW.— The Seventh Great Annual Exhibition of FA1 

 CATTI V SHEEP PIGS, ROOTS, v DOMESTIC POULTRY, 



THURSDAY, and FRIDAY, the ilth, 12th. 13 I, a.,, lid. i 

 December. The PRIVATE VIEW ami ANNUAL DINNER 



on TL'KSDAY, December the llth. 



°VSbw SPECIAL TRAIN< on all the. pnnripal Mnns 

 of R&Uwiy, for which m the Advertisements and BUU oi tl»e 

 several Companies. 



Eixt ^ancttlturai (Ba^ett 



p 



NO 



Mr. Caird has again written to the Times or, the 



yield of the past harvest, and in defence of his This .iispos.tio 

 Jointer estimate of it. He addnce. his own expe- fonwd «P^«« 



Ln its texture, ami altogether unfit for use 

 examples of this kind, therefore, we have a tendency 

 to a reversion to the original wild form, and were 

 we to allow these to seed and >-»w such seed for two 

 or three seasons, the result. :i> w nave proved from 

 experiment, will be an altogether useless annual, 



and in fact a wild plant. •*_'•«« 



If we carefully examiM any field of J nrnips we 

 shall find aomo evidence* of degeneracy, j t as in 

 a community however polished we shall occasionally 

 meet with a savage. The plants i ntm veral 

 heads and forked roots all belong to a degenerate 

 class, as a proof of which we have only to employ 

 seed from these to produce a crop, not merely an 

 exceptional individual, of worthless roots, though 

 here perhaps a better foim may rarely be met with. 

 This disposition to grow fork-rooted and mal- 



' ns in some districts and under some 



v L Mr Sti-cf had a^ked His circumstances is exceed. ..gly common, and has given 



nence, for which Mr. fcm.GF. nao a.keu. nis . . f , of fimaer <md toe to designate it; 



Wheat crop has yielded 36 Whel. an acre on tiff me to the ^name rt fing [ ^ &&«„*- 



land in Wigtonshire and 26 bushels an acre on light n rifi ongh Witt tMtJ^ ^ ^ ^^ 



laud in Kent, both full average crops. One of the , t ^\. i ^\^^ l " ow enter into a more exact 

 tactical divisions of a .Scottish county re urns ^H- ^ - ^ fa d root 



y 7 7 i- A**iw __w__r_r_f 



Of 167 r. ports published in the ApimlturaJ 

 Gazette in Angnet, 122 describe the crop at or above 



and of 89 reports uiven in the Mark 



4 bushels per acre over last year as 



an aver j _, m 



Lane Express in September, 6!) i 



able. 



qually favour- 



CompHny. or by their ,wn funds, to execute a 

 th^Tands improved, by way of rent- charge for 



a 



applying it to mechanical ii,junes~such tur example 



as those by insects in growing. ,____* 



In the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society, 

 ,* //# «_* a. a ^ V ^ --, -- . - . ,. i r a atterward n the AarieuVuraltwazeUe, 



4 f lh ?r f:H n,iS ' U " r v'i belound an amount ot some expeiim^nts in th 



opinion of the yield of the crop. ornvv ih of roots • and although the roots expen- 



P Ti>en as to its extent :-dra,nage and good cul- g owth of ^.; M ^ nd CarrotS) yet from 



tivation antl guano have rendered farmers less JJ^^ J^ "£ &w« ^ f *V?\[^ 



x. „._^j&nsR # l i ts t ? eral> includins the differeDt 



.. needs that the 570,000 farmers of this ^t ^ ariety v. i^ Ui^c ^ be alUined 



country extend their Wheat crop 2 acres a-piece to »^ ?»*»« , V^reful cultivation, 



nroduce all the increased acreage for which Mr. Irom wiia pian _/ :1J _ to fhft first 

 Caikd contends. And it is not necessary to suppose, 



c 



It 



as his " reviewers 



aY_^5^^-!__ 



branch 



•%**•« — r-— -, ;-• ; f fc ii„ ^Knnsi'n^ ^eedinix examples from those in 

 Barley. The fact that the price of BjA^^J* ^J/^? pTesems the lit outline, we shall 

 though high ha. not risen like that of W heat, indi- ^% nC ^ T8 J t be form we require -and here 

 cates° an undiminished yield of tnatgrain is not f^ould he borne in mind that the production of 

 inconsistent with his theory. On all these grounds, , u shon.^ ^ ^ ^^^ ch a y t 



then, he maintains its soundness. . § .... - „„*„ « 



It thus appears that Mr. Cairo s opinion was 

 formed hastily or without due consideration ot the 



:UiUVriuug#*»« . , J_n t ml 



h^'e 'that he imaged this exl present enlarged example^ not on^ the «jO»t 



tension to have been effected at the expense of the or 



Th„ f 3 Pt that the price of Barley, which ^~»\Y_ _____«?« the best outline, 



and here 



cood sorts of vegetanies reiju.,^ — ---- »tten tion 



not ! to points as the breeding of improved kinds of cattle. 



various in 



fluences affecting the state of the corn 



3d As therefore a branching ot roots is a necessarv 

 condition of the p^e from wild to cuUivated 



i i™, en *» conclude that this branching in 



vrt.iuua «*" ■ » " ■»■ > ' ,r~~,~T° • i» fnr his advice ' examples, so we conciu.ic «•« . 



market. ; and accordingly he gives '' for . J"" * d l " 



that with When* between 80*. and 90s. tbe 

 the English farmer would be wise to sell, i 

 possible that by the monthsof May end hm A™™> 

 I hich has already made a good *P^J*5£* 



e gives it for his advice 2xn™y>^ ~' . h k of df{]em , rv , or * 





; n ur markets Ihe surph of an abund ,Bt cro^u 

 Ihe has done before when -ices were iar less 

 tempting than they are now 



wild form. , 



Now the degeneracy here spoken 



of is quite 



71 



price 



noith,so far 



Mr. Caiud's report 



we have rece 



INOW inC iie^rruri^j a— - ^ w «»,l^ 



distinct from that distortion of form Tj 1 *^!*! 

 nom injuries hy insects, as the latter w attack ft. 

 best sorts however carefully "elected »d ^jded, 

 giving rise to the true Anbury, to be **^£* 



„ " t M-i_* n „v correspondents in the giving rise iw kU « " ue " K«mchine of roots from 

 We oulv a<ld that oui con» r u' »,„,.« fntnre oaner, while the rrancninj, " „«!,„_. 



