p E c. 22, 1855.] 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



835 





Zi\H DOUBLE WHITE PETUNIA-" IMPERIAL " (true). 



C HARLKS TURNER will be able to supply strong 

 Plants after the 1st of January of this beautiful new 

 --rietv, which is as double as an Oleander, and fragrant. Hants 

 «i ft/.'each, with a considerable reduction to the trade if a dozen 

 iJe taken. C T. begs particularly to recommend it, as it is not 

 Jelv a novelty but also a valuable bedding plant. 



7 Royal Nursery, Slo u g h . 



Yo^GENTLEfVlEN ENGAGED IN PLANTING, 



ANO TO NURSERYMEN. 



STEPHEN SHILLING be ? s to offer good Trans- 

 planted PLANTS and TREES of the following at very low 

 Tjrices, when a quantity of either sort ar^. taken : — 

 3 000 Arbor- vi tie, 3 to 7 feet. 1,000 Horse Chesnuts, 8 to 12 ft. 



loioOO Spruce Firs, 4 to 10 feet. 5,000 Beech, 6 to 10 feet. 

 ' r»__ « .. ,- «_.* 15,000 Rhododendron Ponticum, 



in variety, 1^ to 4 leet. 



The whole of the above are well worthy of attention, being good 

 in quality, the Evergreens of good healthy colour and bushy. 

 All applications will have immediate attention. 



North Warnborough Nursery, near Odiham, Hants, 2} miles 

 from Winchfield Station, South Western Railway.— Dec. 22. __ 



THE BIRMINGHAM ROOT SHOW. 



UTTON'S PRIZE MANGEL WURZEL. 



10000 Tree Box, 2 to 5 feet. 

 1 000 Limes, 6 to 10«feet. 



w. 



Brazilian plants at the following prices:— A 

 magnificent ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS, in 1 



NEW TURNIP. 

 WAITE'S " ECLIPSE," PURPLE TOP YELLOW HYBRID 



TURNIP. 



'"PHIS new and distinct variety is a hybrid between 



J- the Purple Top Swede and Purple Top Yellow Scotch 

 Turnip ; it possesses the properties of the Swede, and may be 

 sown much later. Coloured Drawings of this splendid Turnip 

 may be had on application, or may be seen at the principal Seed 

 Establishments throughout the kingdom. The Seed can be 

 obtained of all respectable Seedsmen, price &i. per lb.— A liberal 

 allowance to the Trade. 



J. G. W aite , Seed Merchant, 191, TI h Holborn, London. 



scarlet'Thododenorom s. 



and J. FRASER, Nurserymen, Lea Bridge 



j. 



R->ad, E*sex, beg to offer fine bushy Plants of the above 

 2 to 3 feet high, in Pots, well set with Flower buds. — Price 

 10 /. 6d . each. „_^_ 



NEW ROSES. 



Nurserymw, Lea Bridge 



offer fine Standards of the following 



■ • ■ 



SUTTON'S ELVETHAM LONG RED, and 

 SUTTON'S SELECTED YELLOW GLOBE. 

 These superior kinds of Mangel Wurzel took the first prize 

 in each class at the Birmingham Great Hoot Show (open to all 

 England), on the 11th, 12rh T 13th, and 14th of December, and 

 the same kinds, exhibited on Messrs. Sutton's stand at the 

 Bak*T Street Show, would doubtless have been equally distin- 

 guished if Prizes for Roots had been given on that occasion. 

 J. Sutton & Sons, Seed Growers, Reading, Berks, have at 



present a good stock of Seed of the above, which they are selling 

 at moderate prices according to quantity required. Early orders 

 are requested to prevent disappointment. 



Sutton's New Seed List, with Price, may now be obtained, 

 post free. 



ENYlR'S new prolific green mar. 



ROW PEA. — A fine variety for succeeding the first early 

 Crops. Very hardy, and one of the greatest cropping Peas ii 

 cultivation. It obtained the first prize at the Hastings and also 

 at the St. Leonard's Horticultural Exhibitions. 



From the Dean of Battle.—" The sample of Peas you sent me 

 surpasses in beauty of colour and richness of flavour any that I 

 have ever m^t with." 



From Mr. Waters, Gardener to Lady Webster, Battle Abbey. — 

 "" I have examined the growing stock of your new Pea, and find it 

 <5roj)s abundantly, the pods being a good length, very broad, and 

 well filled. Tt is also a fine flavoured and beautifully green- 

 coloured Pea." 



From Mr. Bunyard, Maidstone. — " My opinion of the new Pea 

 is, that it is a distinct sort, a good cropper, and for colour I do not 

 know its equal." 



From Mr. Parks, late Nurseryman and Seedsman, Dnrt/ord, Kent. 

 — " I am much pleased with your new Pea. It certainly is a very 

 fine cropper. The Peas are large, and the pods completely filled. 

 It will when known become a superior Pea for market." 



Price 3s. 6d. per quart. Post Office orders payable to William 



Denver. Seedsman, Battle, Sussex. May also be had through 



lie London and ot her s eedsmen. 



WALTON NURSERY, LIVERPOOL. 



To Noblemen and Gentlemen Planting New Pleasure 

 Grounds, or Improving Parks or Drives, and to Com- 

 panies Planting Public Parks or Cemeteries. 



SKIRVING begs to offer his extensive Stock of 



TREES and SHRUBS of various sizes, adapted either 

 for immediate effect or for extensive new Plantations, where 

 smaller sized and less expensive plants are required. In addition 

 to his general stock of the leading kinds of Trees and Shrubs, 

 which is allowed to be the most extensive in England, he this 

 season offers upwards of a hundred thousand of the two most 

 valuable Trees latelv introduced, the ARAUCARIA IMBRI- 

 CATA and CEDRUS DEODARA, of various sizes, from one 

 to six feet. 



W. S. invites any one wanting considerable quantities of 

 Specimen Trees and Shrubs to inspect his collection and obtain 

 prices on the spot, as the mere height of such trees (as quoted in 

 lists) gives no idea of the value of well grown select plants for 

 Cbotot situations. 



N.B. A few hundreds of the larger sized and finely shaped 

 plants of the Araucaria imbricata andCedrus Deodara have been 

 grown in tubs, to secure their travelling in safety to great dis- 

 tances in this country, or to any part abroad. 

 Priced Lists will be sent on application. 



HORTICULTURAL ESTABLISHMENT, RIO OE JANEIRO. 



MESSRS. RAN GEL and MOSER have always on 

 hand and ready for exportation, a large and magnificent 

 Collection of ORCHIDS, BROMELIAS, ARBUTUS, PALMS, 

 PERNS, and SEEDS of all the rarest and most valuable 



Collection of 100 

 arge masses con- 

 sisting of 50 species, the greater part Cattleyas and Laelias, many 

 new and not described. Price 751. 



A Collection of 50 different kinds of BROMELIAS, BIL- 

 BKRGIAS, iECHMEAS, PINES, &c. &c. Price 8/. 



A Collection of 50 SHRUBS, of the latest Brazilian species, 

 JJfch as Rhopalas, Henteria coccinea, Psychotria, Talaumas, 

 P r ymis, Hamelias, Bignonias, and others well cultivated. 



r rice 20J. 



A Collection of 20 species of PALMS, amongst which are 

 wypha cerifera and others of showy appearance, Mauritia 

 Uniterm, arraata, Attaleas, Geonomas, Astrocaryum, Diplothe- 

 BH'un, Euterpe oleracea, Cocos flexula, Bactns, &c. Price 20*. 



A Collection of 20 species of TREE and other FERNS, f rice 10?. 



A Collection of 100 different species of SEEDS oi the rarest 

 Plants of Brazil. Price 51. 



All the above-named plants will be delivered in the most per- 

 *•« state, cash payments on delivery. Orders are requested to 

 to forwarded as early in the year as possible, so that the plants 

 j"*y reach England at a proper season.— Direct, under cover, to 

 tter Majes ty's Agnnt for Pa ckets, R io de Janeiro. 



pIVE HUNDRED BUSHELS OF POTATOES 



x TO THE ACRE.— This enormous crop was grown last 

 Tear by a gentleman in Surrey, and out of which there were only 

 ny e bushels diseased ; nearly all the quantity were large-sized, 

 some weighing 2 lbs. and 1 oz., and not above three bushels of 

 oats ont of the whole. This Potato was originally reared in 

 Scotland, and is called by the grower the Scottish Champion, and 

 n *s again proved to have surpassed all other sorts, both in 

 quantity, quality, and freedom from disease, as will be seen by 



lh « testimonials. 



. V ,e Price is 21. Is, inclusive of the sack of three bushels, 

 Covered free at the South Western Railway Station in London. 

 77 A Pply Djr i etter> post-paid, to Mr. William Gowland, 4, 

 ;*eii Lane, London Bridge, London; or to Thos. B. Atkinson, 

 •gasman, 64, High Street, Worcester, where further testimonials 

 c *n be obtained. 





. ■ » 



• it 



• ■ ■ 



J and J. FRASER, 

 • Road, E<sex, beg to ofl 



beautiful NEW ROSES: 



Belle Lyonnais 

 Comtosse d'Orleans 



„ Vaillant 

 General Jacqueminot 

 Gloirede Trance 



„ de Vifry 



Madame Guinoiseau ... 

 Mademoiselle Aline 



Gibbon 



Prince de la Moskowa... 

 Sir John Franklin 

 Souvenir de Madame 



Lille 



5s. Od. 



5 



6 

 3 6 

 3 

 5 



3 6 



3 



5 



3 









 6 



Laure de 



• • • 



. • . 



M 



it 

 11 



• • ■ 



• • . 





. . . 



• • • 



3 6 



Yieomtesse 



Gironde 

 Mad* ' Masson 

 Theodore ... 



Cambaceres 

 Vidot , 



„ Hector Jacquin 

 Lord Raglan 

 Madame Place 



Panache* d'Orleans 

 Prince Leon 

 Triomphe dePans 

 loire de Dijon (Tea) 



■ . . 



• • • 



• •» 



« •• 



*. d. 

 5 



■ « - 







. . . 



- . . 



- • 



. . • 



• • • 



■ 



. . . 



• • • 



. . . 



7 



5 

 5 

 7 



3 



5 



5 



5 



8 

 8 



3 



Jaleux were 

 but the late 



8 



o 



o 



6 













 6 



6 



6 



Melanie Willermoz (Tea) 84.64. 



I . r a full description of the above see Catalogue, which may 

 be had on application. — Dec. 22. 



T?ARLY LE T PUCES.— The largest and quickest 



Pi growing LETTUCES are *8UTTON*8 SUPERB 



WHITE COS," and " SUTTON'S SUPERB GREEN I .»' 

 The Editor of the Gardeners Chronicle, in a critique on Lettuces, 

 say-* of the first of these — "This is the very best Cos Lettuce, 

 very large, leaves hooded at the top, so that they close in with- 

 out tying; blanching white, crisp, so excellent that one would 

 suppose no higher degree of perfection could be obtained as re- 

 gards a Summer Lettuce." And of the other he says— "Sut- 

 ton '■ Superb Grern Cos: This very much resembles the pre- 

 ceding, but is a darker green, and hardier, therefore is preferable 

 for sowing early in spring, and also for autumn use." 



Seeds may be had (if ordered immediately) in packets tt. each, 

 post free,— Address, Sutton & Sons, Seed Growers and Mer- 

 chants. Heading, Berks. 



- TO CUCUMBER GROWERS. 



CUTTON'S BERKSHIRE CHAMPION is not only 



^ one of the most prolific Frame Cucumbers, as shown by 

 several correspondents of the Gardeners' Chronicle (as see Gar- 

 deners' Chronicle, page 693), but is also of fine flavour, and so 

 handsome that it invariably takes the Prize when exhibited in 

 competition with other leading kinds. Seed can be supplied 

 Is. 6d. per packet (if ordered immediately) ; other fine sorts Is. 

 per packet, as see Catalogue, which may be had post free. 



Sutton & Sons, Reading, Berks. 



Paris, and at an elevation of 303 feet above the 

 level of the sea, was filled, when my father pur- 

 chased it in 1783. with espalier trees of the Doyenn£ 

 Galeux, trained horizontally. They were all from 

 30 to 50 years old, and two of them are still alive. 

 " The late severe winter, 1854-5, in which the 

 extreme lowest temperature was about 6° below 

 zero, Fahrenheit, at 1 ndres, whilst at the Paris 

 Observatory it was never lower than 11 J°, Fah., 

 enabled me to determine the period of the introduc- 

 tion oT this variety in Le Perche ; and it appears 



from the oldest stem to have been at least 120 

 years ago. 



"My two trees of the Doyenn 

 covered with flowers this spring ; 

 frosts, and damp fogs of April and May, prevented 

 both of them from bearing fruit. N ire, how- 

 ever, does not readily give in. On the second flow 

 of sap in July and August, the shoots produced 

 flowers, and six fruits were ripened. These proved 

 to be the true poires de cire, or Gros Doyennt hlanc, 

 as regards both *kin and fl-sh. The stalk was 

 short and thick, as in all the Doyenne Pears. The 

 shape alone was somewhat changed ; it had assumed 

 the Calebasse form of the Bon Chretien, and of a 

 bitter variety of the Chaumontel. 



" Now, my two Pear tree are at least 120 years 

 old ; I may therefore conclude that in the reign of 

 Louis XV. the Doyenne Galcux had txisted in the 

 province of Le Perche, and that i n all probability it 



has been derived from the Doymti Blanc, an older 

 variety, which on account of its size and beauty 

 must have been the first cultivated. This sudden 

 return of a variety to a primitive state, as I have 

 shown, appears to me analogous to that which takes 

 place with regard to some of our animals and birds 

 which have passed from the domestic to the wild 

 state." 



M. Durf.au dk la Mallk then notices the case of 



an Arab mare producing a mule with the quagga ; 

 she then had two foals at different times by an 

 English horse, the ftist of which appeared like a 



sort of 



mule ; and the second still bore a 



Witt ©artrrnerjET Chronicle 



* 



SATURDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1855. 





That the seeds of improved species of fruits 

 and vegetables will not invariably perpetuate their 

 improved quality is a well-known fact. They may 

 reproduce a variety possesMng very great similarity, 

 or may give rise to farther improvement ; or, on the 

 contrary, they may bring forth a degenerate 

 maiked with the symptoms of a return towards the 

 original wild species. But in propagating a plant 

 otherwise than by seed, as by a single bud, or by 

 some portion containing several buds, the plant or 

 plants so produced are each considered to possess 

 all the properties of the one from wfrch the germs 

 in the form of buds were taken. Moreover, the 

 essential properties have been supposed to be re- 

 tained by the original seedling, as well as its deri- 

 vatives, except by seed, during the whole period of 

 their existence. A memoir, however, has recently 

 been brought under the notice of the Academy of 

 Sciences by M. Durrau de la Mallk which would 

 seem to lead to a different conclusion. The case 

 is thus stated by the author. 



"Return of a comparatively modern variety of 



the 



quagga 



striking resemblance to the quagga, son premier 

 mart, although from this the mare from the first 

 had been altogether separated. 



The author alto refers to the circumstance of the 

 domesticated pigs of Europe assuming, when left to 

 freedom in America, the character of the wild pigs 

 of India. These zoological matters do not, however, 

 bear exactly on the case of the Pear. 



The Doyenne Galeux is not mentioned in Du- 

 hamkl, but is described by Noisette, Manuel du 

 Jardinier. The tree received from him into the 

 collection of the Horticultural Society proved 

 to be the same as the Dnvenne Gris ; when 

 grown under equal circumstances no difference 

 could be detected : and according to Downinc* 

 all the trees of the sort in question w r hich 

 were received in America proved likewise the 

 Doyenne Gris* The latter, we believe, is only the 

 Doyenn^ Blanc in a particular condition, and not a 

 distinct seminal variety. Two seedlings may very 

 much resemble each other ; but when grown side by 

 side there is generally some maiked distinction in 

 the wood, leaves, or flowers. But no such distinc- 

 tion exists between ihose parts respectively in the 

 so-called varieties of the Doyenn^ Blanc, Gris, and 

 Galeux. We, therefore, conclude that M. Durkatt 

 db la Malle is right in Mipposing the latter has 

 been derived from the Doyenn^ Blanc. At the 

 same time we may state that we have had probably 

 mo>e opportunities of seeing fruits from late or 

 second blossoms, in consequence of the first being 

 killed by frost, than occurs in Le Perche ; and we 

 find them smoother skiuned than those from the 



Pear Doyenne Galeux, to one more ancient, ___ 



Doyenne Blanc, otherwise called Poire de cire or de regularly formed bud. ; the fru,t alio jwamei n 



Belle fille. This beautiful glossy Pear, of a pale golden elongated form. But the _ unusual appearance y» 



yellow colour, tinted with Vermillion, and which merely caused by unusual circumstances of a sudden 



yell 



on that account 



is called Poire de Belle fille description, and is only temporary 



in Maine and Anjou, U well known. But a hand- remains essentially th« same ; thong 

 some exterior is seldom an indication of internal it may be so modified year after y 



The individual 

 though we admit that 



u «. A * 1 01 *ders must be accompanied by a remittance. 



Sir,— i n an8wrer to yours respecting the Scottish Chamnion 

 ***<>, I beg to sav it is quite equal in flavour to the York 



Pota 



quite equal 



best, 

 'fty next general crop. — Your obedient servant, 

 4 Edward Brnnktt, Gr. to Sir Oifley Wakeman, Bart., 



u Ferdiswell Hall, Worcester;' 



goodness, and this fruit, beautiful as it is, has a soft 

 woolly flesh, like that of a large ^ Turnip. The 

 Doyenne Galeux, on the contrary, is smaller ; its 

 skin, which is greenish-white, i* marked with Mack 

 specks ; its form is not so regular, but its skin is 

 fine, and its flesh is close-grained, rich, juicy, 

 melting, and very sugary, with a peculiar perfume, 

 which is somewhat muskv when the skin unHer one 

 of the specks begins to decay. The fruit will keep 

 for two months, a property w : hich early Pears rarely 

 possess. Nevertheless, at Paris, the beautiful has 

 excluded the good from the shops of the fruiterers, 

 where I have often sought, but never found it. For 

 the last 150 year-, scarcely any oiher variety of 

 summer Doyenne except this excellent Pear, which 



has been propa- 



ear by circum- 

 stances as to assume the'eharacter of an apparently 

 distinct variety, and retain it with some consider- 

 able degree of permanence. 



on, 



passes for the best of its 



gated in the province of Le Perche. 



" The kitchen garden at Landres, 

 mune of Mauves, about 20 seconds south-west of 



We read as follows in the Builder of 1849, while 

 speaking of Grernsted Church, Essex, restored by 

 Messrs. Whyatt and Brandon, architects :— " The 

 interest due to this little structure arises from the 

 material of which it is constructed, from its un- 

 doubted antiquity, and from the strong evidence 

 that exktl of it having been built as a place for the 

 reception of the corpse of St. Edmund on its return 

 from London to Bury St. Edmunds in the year 1013. 

 The inclosing walls of this building are apparently 

 of Oak, and not V Chesnut, as has been supposed 



by some." * *, ,»» ... ^. * 



Could anv correspondent in the neighbourhood 

 in the com- obtain for us a piece a few inches cube, ot one of the 



timbers of this remarkable edifice, which we believe 





