

Pec. 29, 1S55.] 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



851 



TO GENTLEMEN ENGAGED IN PLANTING, 

 1 AND TO NURSERYMEN. 



TEPHEN SHILLING begs to offer good Trans- 



_ planted PLANTS and TREES of the following at very low 

 rires when a quantity of either sort ar* taken : — 

 V $000 Arbor-vita?, 3 to 7 feet. 1,000 Horse CI 



K)!o00 Spruce Firs, 4 to 10 feet. 



10 000 Tree Box, 2 to 5 feet. 

 1,000 Limes, 6 to 10 feet. 



Chesnuts, 8 to 12 ft. 

 5,000 Beech, 6 to 10 feet. 



15,000 Rhododendron Ponticurn, 



in variety, 1£ to 4 teet. 



The whole of the above are well worthy of attention, being good 

 : n quality, the Evergreens of good healthy colour and bushy. 

 AH applications will have immediate attention. 



North Warnborough Nursery, near Odiham, Hants, 2} miles 

 from "Winchfield Station, South Weste rn Rail way. —Dec. 29. 



WALTON NURSERY, LIVERPOOL. 



To Noblemen and Gentlemen Planting New Pleasure 

 Grounds, or Improving Parks or Drives, and to Com- 

 panies Planting Public Parks or Cemeteries. 



WSKIRVING begs to offer his extensive Stock of 

 • TREES and SHRUBS of various sizes, adapted either 

 for immediate effect or for extensive new Plantations, where 

 smaller sized and less expensive plants are required. In addition 

 to his general stock of the leading kinds of Trees and Shrubs, 

 which is allowed to be the most extensive in England, he this 

 season offers upwards of a hundred thousand of the two most 

 valuable Trees lately introduced, the ARAUCARIA IMBRI- 

 CATA and CEDRUS DEODARA, of various sizes, from one 



to six feet. 



"W*. S. invites any one wanting considerable quantities of 

 Specimen Trees and Shrubs to inspect his collection and obtain 



S rices on the spot, as the mere height of such trees (as quoted in 

 gts) gives no idea of the value of well grown select plants for 

 choice situations. 



N.B. A few hundreds of the larger sized and finely shaped 

 plants of the Araucaria irabricata andCedrus Deodara have been 

 grown in tubs, to secure their travelling in safety to great dis- 

 tances in this country, or to any part abroad. 

 ^ Priced Lists will be sent on application. 



WATERER'S AMERICAN PLANTS — A new 

 DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE is now published of the 

 celebrated Collection of hardy Scarlet and other Rhododendrons, 

 as exhibited by John Watrrer at the Royal Botanic Gardens, 

 Regent's Park; it will be found to contain a few practical obser- 

 vations on their successful management, and will be forwarded 

 on application by enclosing two stamps for postage. Apart from 

 its enumeration of the most popular American Plants in cultiva- 

 tion, a List of choice Conifer* will be seen, embracing the latest 

 importations of this fine and hardy tribe of Plants. 



J. W. has now the pleasure to offer in large quantities, and of 

 all heights, the following selection of CONIFERS, with the 

 remark that they are all now growing in the open ground, are 

 bushy and handsome as can be desired, and have been trans- 

 planted each succeeding spring, whereby no risk can be encoun- 

 tered in their removal from the nursery : — Araucaria imbricata, 

 Cryptomeriajaponica; Pinus Douglasi, Cembra, excelsa, Lam- 

 bertiana, insignia, Jefferyana, Beardsleyi, ruberculata, &c; 

 Cedrus Deodara. Lebanon, and Africana; Wellingtonia gigantea, 

 Cupressus, Junipprus, Taxus, Thuja, &c. 



*^~ The attention of gentlemen, public companies, and others 

 engaged in planting, is especially directed to the foregoing; 

 indeed, all intending planters would be well repaid by a visit to 

 inspect our stock, as much may be seen which of necessity 

 cannot be given within the limits of an advertisement. 



The Nursery i- easily reached by railway, being near the 

 Farnborough Station, South- Western Railway, and Blackwater 

 on the South-Eastern Railway. 

 The Ameri can Nursery, Bagsh ot, Surrey. 



NEW ROSES. 



and J. FRASER, Nurserymen, Lea Bridge 



• Road, E«sex, beg to offer fine Standards of the following 



or marine officer.*, that it had begun to assume an 

 importance far beyond that of breeding turtle for 

 the supply of ships' companies. It had been 

 found that the upper part, or peak, cnlled the 

 Green Mountain, rising 2000 feet above the sur- 

 rounding sea, possessed a rich soil capable of pro- 

 ducing a variety of esculent vegetables, and spots 

 in the valleys were represented by Capt. Dwyer, 

 R.M., the then commandant, as in progress towards 

 being reclaimed. The quarters of a small party of 

 marines had been established in this spot, where 

 rain occasionally fell, and trees had begun to spring 

 up. Among the latter the Bermuda Cedar, and a 

 kind of Pinus, probably the Pinaster, were making 

 considerable progress, and Peache?, Figs, Plantair 

 Oranges and Loquats, had begun to show that culti- 

 vation was anything rather than impossible. In 

 fact Portugal Cabbaces, Gourds, Pumpkins, Celery, 

 Carrots, Leeks, French Beans, and most (specially 



the Batatas or Sweet Potato were thriving pretty 

 well. 



At this period (1847) the station came under the 

 notice of the late Lord Auckland, then First Lord 

 of the Admiralty, whose very considerable horti- 

 cultural experience enabled him to see that where 

 so much had been done with small means, much 

 more might be effected if a vigorous effort were 

 made by the Admiralty. Persons supposed to be 

 capable of giving useful advice were again con- 

 sulted, ample supplies of various kinds were pro- 

 vided at their recommendation, and a gardener was, 

 for the first time, sent out, to take charge of the 

 land that had been reclaimed, and to do what might 

 be possible to recover a further portion, especially 

 of that volcanic region which up to the time in 

 question had been found irreclaimable. 



Since 1847 the plans of amelioration, sanctioned 

 by Lord Auckland, have been steadily pursued ; 

 and notwithstanding great and unexpected diffi- 

 culties caused by violent winds, periodical drought, 

 and the ravages of insects peculiar to the island, 

 have proved eminently successful, especially since 

 the cultivation of the island has been entrusted to 

 Mr. Peter Wallace, an experienced and skilful 

 gardener, familiar with volcanic soils and tropical 

 gardening. Nor is it a small ground of satisfaction 

 to see that this success has been entirely in corre- 



- 



the account 



beautiful NEW ROSES: 



■ r . 



• • I 



Belle Lyonnais 

 Comtesse d' Orleans 



„ Vaillant 

 General Jacqueminot 

 Gloire de France ... 



„ de Vitry 

 Madame Guinoiseau 

 Mademoiselle. Aline 



Gibbon 



Prince de la Moskowa... 

 Sir John Franklin 



Souvenir de Madame 

 •Lille 



55. Od. 

 5 



■ • « 



• t« 



5 

 3 

 3 

 5 

 3 



3 

 5 



3 





 6 

 

 

 6 





 



6 



it 

 it 



• • • 



«•• 



»«• 



• t • 



• • ■ 



• •• 



• •• 



3 6 



Vicomtesse Laure de 



Gironde 



Madame Masson 



Theodore ... 



Cambaceres 



Vidot 



„ Hector Jacquin 

 Lord Raglan ... ., 

 Madame Place ... . 

 Panache d' Orleans 



Prince Leon 

 Triomphe de Paris 

 Gloire de Dijon (Tea) 



s. d. 

 5 



t ■ • 



-•• 



i • « 



- - - 



* * ■ 



• •• 



• •• 



• •• 



7 

 6 

 5 

 7 

 3 

 5 

 5 

 5 

 3 

 3 

 3 



6 

 

 

 6 

 6 



spondence with the anticipations of Lord Auckland's 



advisers. 



The grand difficulties consisted in the want of 

 shelter and water, and most especially in the im- 

 practicable nature of the region, covered with hard 

 scoriae near the coast. Detailed instructions as to 

 the mode of overcoming these difficulties were tiven 

 to the first gardener, and we suppose were attended to 

 by him. At all events the scoriae are already giving 

 way, as we learn from the fact that notwithstanding 



m ** the cattle 



Melanie Willermoz (Tea) 3s. 6d. 



For a full description of the above see Catalogue, which may 

 be had on application.— Dec. 29. 



o a long drought and a great scarcity of G 



were in excellent condition last June, in consequence 

 of the abundance of dried-up Puislane, Thistles, 

 and Tomatoes, which have now completely esta- 

 blished themselves all over the island. 



o 

 6 

 6 

 6 



ARLY LETTUCES. 



growing LETTUCES 



The largest and quickest 



are "SUTTON'S SUPERB 



There was issued during the second quarter of 

 the present year as follows : 



WHITE COS," and "SUTTON'S SUPERB GREEN COS." 

 The Editor of the Gardeners' Ckr&nicle, in a critique on Lettuces, 

 says of the first of these— "This is the very best Cos Lettuce, 

 very large, leaves hooded at the top, so that they close in with- 

 out tying; blanching white, crisp, so excellent that one would 

 suppose no higher degree of perfection could be obtained as re- 

 gards a Summer Lettuce." And of the other he says—" Sut- 

 tous Superb Grben Cos: This very much resembles the pre- 

 ceding, but is a darker green, and hardier, therefore is preferable 

 for sowing early in spring-, and also for autumn use." 



Seeds may be had (if ordered immediately) in packets 1*. each, 

 Post free,— Address, Sutton <fc Sons, Seed Growers and Mer- 

 chants, Reading, Berks. 



Sweet Potatoes 

 Pumpkins 

 Cabbages . . . 

 Spinach ... 

 Carrots 

 French Beans 

 Callaloo ... 

 Leeks 

 Salads 

 Bananas 



• * • 



• • • 



• • • 



• • • 



Cucumbers 



• 4 « 



• . . 



• • • 



. • . 



.. . 



». • 



* • • 



. « . 



■ » . 



. • • 



• • . 



• * . 



. • . 



t • t 



. • • 



• • • 



. I • 



• • . 



• • • 



• • • 



• • • 



. % • 



• f • 



lbs. weight. 



12,700 



2,160 



2,038 



2,098 



1,358 



150 



150 



2,052 



1,450 



320 



100 



of his visit in the foil* wing words : 



" When the first adventurer to this wild spot 

 plored his way over a wide plain of cinders and 

 ashes, where no drop of water and scarce one 

 evidence of vegetative principle could be discovered 

 — when he laboured up the steep and r qed moun- 

 tain, and looked on the withered aspect of the 

 scene spread in solitude around him — he must have 

 considered the spot condemned to hopeless sterility, 

 and regarded the sea-fowl thai tied over the dark 

 red hills near the coast a* lik* to remain the sole and 

 undisputed inhabitants of these wild regions. There 

 are doubtless many living who have ?i si ted the 

 island when in this its primitive condition, and 

 mong the number the < ^uished officer (Sir 

 Geoiu.k Cot khurn) who gave the first impulse to 

 the measures which have been detailed ; and if any 

 such should chance to revisit the island nou they 

 must be sensildy impressed with the chvige it has 

 under; ne, and the evi.b nces that evt vwhere pre- 

 vail oi the industr md energy of its first and present 

 inhabitants." 



How much more applicable is that sentenct 

 now ! 



An extract from Hooi r's Journal of Botany 

 relating to BctCH-Ott (see p. 807) has led a corre- 

 spondent to draw our attention to a rare old 

 pamphlet by Aaron Hii x,* a somewhat remarkable 

 man, and a great projector, concerning whom a 

 good account is given in Chalmers's Biographical 

 Dictionary. 



It certainly does appear extraordinary that in 

 such a country as England, where oil has so high a 

 value, and where mechanical power is so easily 

 ohtained, an enormous quantity of raw material 

 should be annually allowed to waste, without any 

 profitable use. The Be« h tree, a native of these 

 islands, or at any rate one thoroughlyestablished here, 

 in no part of the world occupies a larger proportional 

 area. It constitutes a considerable part of the pro- 

 perty of many landowners ; although its timber hat 

 so low a value that it may be doubted whether it 

 would continue to be cultivate on a large scale 



were it not for two circumstances — its singular 

 beauty,and its suitability to thin land, where nothing 

 equal to it can be as speedily reared. 



Now according to Aaron Hill the real value of 

 the tree resides in its mast. But we will quote his 

 own words : — " There is in all the forests of 

 England a very common tree, called a Beech tree, 

 much larger than the Oak. There are vast woods 

 almost everywhere, of nothing else but this Beech ; 

 most of our noblemen and pi ivate gentlemen have 

 large quantities, and some of them several thousand 

 acres of Beech in their own estates, as particularly 

 the Duke of Somerset, the Earl of Dorset, the Earl 

 of Scarborough, the Earl of Winchelsea, and an 

 endless number more in all parts of the kingdom. 



" There are within forty miles round London 

 many hundred thousand acres of full grown, bearing 

 Beech, almost without any other tree intermixed 

 with ihem. Nothing is more common than for one of 

 these Beech trees to bear fifty bushels of that three- 

 corner'd Beech Mast, of which you have a sample 



have of the out- 



fclie JBar ttettEtjET Ch ronicle* 



SA TURD A Y, DECEMBER 29, 1855. 



. 



In the midst of the South Atlantic Ocean stands 

 a place called Ascension Island, which Malte Brun 

 some years since described as "a rock without 

 **ater, and nearly without vegetation, but an attrac- 

 tion to navigators from the immense quantity of 

 turtles that come to repose themselves on its shore*, 

 wrich are covered with lava and volcanic scoriae." 



*V e have heard other visitors to the place assert 

 that its soil consisted of what was very like broken 

 gla^s bottles. When St. Helena was fixed upon as 

 l he residence of Napoleon Bonaparte, the island 

 y*s occupied by Sir George Cockburn. In 1834 

 y, m . or « seriously attracted the attention of the 



^ngligh Government, who caused it to be surveyed 

 ^th a view to converting it into a naval station for 

 |£ e African fleet. At that time about 45 acres of 

 e mountain top furnished a scanty supply of vege- 

 ^ ble s ; there were no trees, and such wild plants 

 * s existed were worthless. 



reel • * e year 1847 such Progress had been made in 

 Claiming this desolate spot, by successive naval 



24,576 lbs. 



besides which 101,920 lbs. of dry fodder had been 

 supplied to the garrison and for the use of the 



mountain cattle. 



At the latest advices, dated Nov. 1, Mr. Wallace 

 had in charge 50 head of Island cattle, reared from 

 about 15 cows, 500 sheep were under the shearers, 

 goats were breeding fast, and there were a dozen very 

 handsome wild donkeys. Great numbers of trees 

 were affording shelter, and something like wood- 

 land scenery was completely obtained. Above 15 

 inches of rain had fallen in the previous four 

 months. The trees with which the mountain is 

 beginning to be covered seem therefore to be doing 

 their work, for such a quantity of rain was unpre- 

 cedented. 



To have thus far reclaimed Ascension is, we 

 think, a convincing proof that the true principles of 

 cultivation are perfectly safe guides in a place where 

 no experience can have been gained. The instruc- 

 tions drawn np for the guidance of the gardenerat 

 Ascension in 1847 were framed entirely with 

 reference to those principles, and it is difficult to 



sent you with this book, as you alsc 

 ward husk, in which it grows, tho' I don't reckon the 

 husk, but the kernels only, when I say that it is a 

 common thing for one tree tobearfiftybushelsof Beech 

 Mast. About the latter end of September, the husks, 

 which hang like ropes of Onions, and weigh down 

 the branches, open of their own accord, and let fall 

 the Mast, three-cornerM as you see it, in such vast 

 quantity, that the ground is every where eover'd 

 over with it several inches deep. 



" Some part of this the hogs devour, or in parks 

 the deer ; the rest, having no use, lies rotting on 

 the ground, and spoils the herbage. 'Tis hardly 

 ever known to be gathered, and when it is, the poor 

 have sixpence or eightpence a bushel for picking it 

 up, and carrying it to some honest farmer's wife for a 

 favourite hog or so, that is to be kilPd against Christ- 

 mas. Now the discovery is this :— That every bushel 

 of this common Mast, which has lain neglected and 

 despised for so many aces, is found to yield two 

 gallons of much better oil than that made of Olives, 

 which the clothiers and soap-makers call Seville 

 oil, or Galipoli oil, and for which the nation pays 

 such prodigious sums of money to foreigners" 



And then, after telling how he was cured of a bad 

 cold at Naples by the use of oil of Almonds, he goes 



on to say that : — 



" The similitude in taste between a new Almond 

 and the Beech Mast, just fall'n from the trees, im- 



• An Account of the Rise and Progress of the Beech-Oil In - 

 vention, and all the Steps which have been taken in that Aflatr, 

 from the First Discovery to the present Time. As also, wnat is 

 further design'd in That Undertaking 



" How long, ye simple Ones, will ye love Simplicity ? llow 

 . - ii long, O ye Scorners, will you delight in your Scorning? And 



conceive how any amount of personal experience Foo i 3D ate Knowledge ?-Pro v." 



could have led to more signal success. I By Aabok Hill, Esq. London : Printed m the Year 1715. 



